- I - 摘要 当前我国经济降速，制造业需要从速度型发展向内涵型发展转变，企业产品和 技术亟需升级换代，中小型制造企业更面临急剧变化的生存环境。中小企业如何在 当前环境中提高竞争力、降低成本、提高内部效率，从内部改善措施入手，把威胁 转化为机遇，以期获得更多的市场份额，认清市场发展方向，找准企业未来发展出 路，显得非常紧迫而重要。6S 管理作为现场管理的一个重要部分被广大中小型制造 企业广泛应用，它对于促进员工整体素质的提升、生产现场管理规范化、企业产品 质量以及售后服务提高发挥了积极作用。 论文主要研究了同力达公司现场管理中存在的问题，构建了符合同力达公司特 点的 6S 管理体系，形成了一套有针对性的、操作性强的实施方案。 首先，论文提出了研究背景和研究意义，概括了国内外研究现状，明确了本文 的研究内容和研究方法。然后论述了现场管理、6S 管理等相关理论研究情况。 其次，论文分析了同力达公司的基本情况和现场管理现状，根据对同力达公司 的实际现场管理问题研究，发现了同力达公司存在的现场管理问题，分析了同力达 公司现场管理问题出现的原因。 接着，论文从 6S 管理体系的设计原则进行研究，同时对 6S 管理的设计流程和 相应考核指标等几个方面研究，分别对同力达公司实施 6S 管理过程中整理、整顿、 清扫、安全、清洁、素养等几个方面进行设计。 最后，论文从公司领导以身作则、加大对员工培训、持续不断改善、建立规范 化管理四个方面论述了同力达公司 6S 管理的的实施保障。 关键词，制造企业；6S 管理；现场管理；同力达公司燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - II - Abstract Now the national economy is slowing down, the manufacturing industry needs to change from high-speed development to high-quality development, and enterprises’ products and techonolegy need to be enhanced. The living environment faced by small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises has undergone dramatic changes. It is very important for SMEs to improve their competitiveness, reduce costs, improve internal efficiency, gain more market share, recognize the market direction, and find their ways by improving their interal operation. As a major part of enterprise management, 6S management is widely used by small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. It plays an active role in promoting the improvement of the overall quality of employees, implementing the standardization of production on-site management, improving the quality of products and work and service. The existing on-site management problems in Tonglida was studied, a highly targeted and operational management system for Tonglida was designed based on 6S theory in this paper. Firstly, the author put forward research background and research significance, clarified the research content and research methods of this paper, and then discussed related research results of on-site management and 6S management. Secondly, the author analyzed the basic situation of Tonglida on-site management, stated the problems and the causes. Then in Chapter IV, the author applied the 6S management principles and assessment indicators to existing problems and designed a 6S management system targeted to the company. Finally, implementation issues in the 6S management of Tonglida company were summarized in four aspects: company leader’s lead by example, increase training for employees, continuous improvement and standardized management. Keywords: Manufacturing enterprise; 6s management; on-site management; Tonglida company目 录 - III - 目 录 摘要...............................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT .....................................................................................................................II 第 1 章 绪 论.................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景与研究意义........................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 研究背景.........................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义.........................................................................................................2 1.2 国内外研究现状................................................................................................ 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状.................................................................................................2 1.2.2 国内研究现状.................................................................................................4 1.2.3 国内外研究综述.............................................................................................6 1.3 本文主要研究内容和方法 ................................................................................ 7 1.3.1 主要研究内容.................................................................................................7 1.3.2 主要研究方法.................................................................................................7 第 2 章 现场管理和 6S 管理的相关理论......................................................................8 2.1 现场管理的概念和内容 .................................................................................... 8 2.2 6S 管理理论概述 ............................................................................................... 9 2.3 6S 管理理论的内容 ........................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 整理.................................................................................................................9 2.3.2 整顿...............................................................................................................10 2.3.3 清扫...............................................................................................................10 2.3.4 安全...............................................................................................................10 2.3.5 清洁...............................................................................................................11 2.3.6 素养...............................................................................................................11 2.4 6S 管理工具 ..................................................................................................... 11 2.4.1 目视管理.......................................................................................................11 2.4.2 红牌作战.......................................................................................................12 2.4.3 定点摄影.......................................................................................................13 2.4.4 U-Memo 工具 ................................................................................................14 2.4.5 PDCA 循环法 ................................................................................................15 2.5 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 16 第 3 章 同力达公司及现场管理现状分析 ..................................................................17 3.1 同力达公司简介及生产流程介绍 .................................................................. 17 3.1.1 同力达集团简介...........................................................................................17燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - IV - 3.1.2 同力达公司现场管理现状及工艺流程 ......................................................19 3.2 同力达公司生产现场存在的问题 .................................................................. 21 3.2.1 人员素质问题...............................................................................................21 3.2.2 材料堆放问题...............................................................................................22 3.2.3 工作现场杂乱无序.......................................................................................23 3.2.4 安全隐患较多...............................................................................................23 3.2.5 设备问题.......................................................................................................24 3.2.6 生产环境问题...............................................................................................24 3.3 问题产生的原因分析...................................................................................... 25 3.3.1 人员因素分析...............................................................................................25 3.3.2 物料管理分析...............................................................................................25 3.3.3 作业现场分析...............................................................................................26 3.3.4 安全隐患分析...............................................................................................26 3.3.5 设备问题分析...............................................................................................26 3.3.6 环境问题分析...............................................................................................26 3.4 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 27 第 4 章 同力达公司 6S 管理的实施方案....................................................................28 4.1 6S 管理实施计划 ............................................................................................. 28 4.2 6S 管理工作组织 ............................................................................................. 29 4.2.1 成立 6S 管理高层领导小组 ........................................................................29 4.2.2 成立 6S 管理工作推进小组及 6S 推进计划..............................................30 4.3 6S 管理工作培训及宣传目标.......................................................................... 31 4.3.1 6S 管理培训 ..................................................................................................31 4.3.2 6S 管理推进目标 ..........................................................................................31 4.3.3 6S 管理宣传工作 ..........................................................................................32 4.4 6S 管理区域划分及选定试点.......................................................................... 33 4.4.1 6S 管理责任区域进行划分 ..........................................................................33 4.4.2 6S 管理示范点的选定 ..................................................................................33 4.5 制定 6S 管理示范点活动的计划 .................................................................... 33 4.5.1 6S 管理示范区的实施导入 ..........................................................................33 4.5.2 6S 管理示范点制订的推进计划 ..................................................................34 4.6 6S 管理方案推行计划实施要点...................................................................... 34 4.6.1 整理的具体实施...........................................................................................34 4.6.2 整顿的具体实施...........................................................................................38 4.6.3 清扫的具体实施...........................................................................................40目 录 - V - 4.6.4 安全的具体实施...........................................................................................42 4.6.5 清洁的具体实施............................................................................................44 4.6.6 素养的具体实施...........................................................................................45 4.7 6S 管理示范点效果确认及考评...................................................................... 46 4.7.1 6S 管理示范点的效果确认进行总结 ..........................................................46 4.7.2 6S 管理示范点的考评 ..................................................................................47 4.7.3 6S 管理示范点的评比审核 .........................................................................48 4.8 6S 管理的活动经验推广及持续改善 .............................................................. 48 4.9 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 49 第 5 章 同力达公司 6S 管理的推行实施保障措施....................................................50 5.1 公司领导重视，以身作则推行 6S 活动 ........................................................ 50 5.1.1 公司领导以行动来打破幻想 ......................................................................50 5.1.2 公司领导以身作则遵守制度 ......................................................................50 5.2 公司所有员工要全员积极参加 6S 培训 ........................................................ 50 5.2.1 加强对员工素质的 6S 培训 ........................................................................50 5.2.2 关注员工的逐步改变...................................................................................51 5.2.3 做到员工岗位责任明确并且鼓励创新 ......................................................51 5.3 坚持和持续改善.............................................................................................. 51 5.3.1 6S 推行过程中要坚持 ..................................................................................51 5.3.2 背后推动变为前面引导...............................................................................52 5.3.3 标准化...........................................................................................................52 5.3.4 评比考核.......................................................................................................52 5.4 建立规范化管理机制...................................................................................... 52 5.4.1 对现场进行全面检修...................................................................................53 5.4.2 加强日常检查表...........................................................................................53 5.4.3 制订激励措施...............................................................................................53 5.5 本章小结 ......................................................................................................... 53 结 论.............................................................................................................................54