摘 要
疫苗是一种特殊药品，主要用于预防人类传染病。近年来，疫苗产业发展迅
速，市场增幅远远高于医药平均水平。国内疫苗生产厂家全球第一，行业集中度
低，竞争白热化；整体研发水平与跨国公司有较大差距，企业间差距较大；市场
发展较快，但是与欧、美、日市场相比仍有巨大的发展空间。国际疫苗市场被 5
大跨国公司垄断，新兴国家疫苗企业通过 WHO PQ 策略成功进入，市场份额逐步
扩大，产业逐步向发展中国家转移。中生集团是中国疫苗行业的领头羊，但其市
场领导地位正在经受本土企业和跨国公司的严峻挑战。转变经营方式，提升整体
水平，主动融入国际疫苗市场竞争行列，是中生集团巩固国内市场地位，进而走
向国际的重要路径。制定疫苗产业国际化经营策略，对中生集团生存和发展具有
重要意义。
本文首先对疫苗和疫苗行业进行了简述，接下来用大量数据分析了国内、国
际疫苗市场的竞争形势；运用 SWOT 工具分析了中生集团疫苗国际化经营的优势、
劣势、机会和挑战；本文最后提出了中生集团疫苗国际化经营的模式及保证措施。
中生集团在人才、疫苗品种、产能、成本、中国市场影响力、国际化基础、
经济实力等方面具有比较优势。劣势是缺乏参于国际疫苗市场竞争和国际认证经
验、品牌建设滞后、具有国际竞争力的新产品少；全球疫苗行业发展空间巨大、
中国疫苗监管当局通过 WHO 评估、国际组织对中生集团支持力度加大、国家一系
列支持政策的出台是中生集团疫苗国际化经营的机遇；挑战主要来自于国内外同
行的阻击、全球经济的不确定性以及中西文化差异的影响。分析表明中生集团国
际化经营可行。
本文提出了中生集团疫苗国际化经营的模式是“三步走”：与国际机构、疫苗
公司合作，或并购国外疫苗研发公司，引进中生集团疫苗国际化所需的产品和技
术，实施技术和产品“引进来”；扩大现有产品在私人市场注册、产品通过 WHO PQ
进入公共市场，扩大疫苗的国际市场份额，实施产品“走出去”；通过在海外建厂、
并购，实施产业“走进去”。在疫苗产业国际化经营过程中，中生集团应在顶层设
计、政策、人才、资金等方面给予保障。
关键词：中生集团，疫苗，国际化经营

II
ABSTRACT
Vaccine is kind of special drug, maily used for the prevention of human infectious
disease. In recent years, the vaccine industry develops rapidly, and CAGR is much
higher than the average level of medicine. The Chinese vaccine industry is characterized
by a number of smaller, private companies, it’s R&D activities in those vaccine
companies are at a much lower level comparing with large international
pharmaceuticals. Also, there is a huge difference in R&D activities within those
domestic companies. The competition in China domestic vaccine market is fierce which
leads to an intensified integration. The international vaccine market is dominated by
five big players, but companies from emerging market are breading into this dominance
by WHO PQ strategy with a clear sign of success. The consolidation in the international
vaccine industry is very active and staring moving into other countries. It is clear that in
China vaccine market the dominant player is China Natinal Biotec Group（CNBG），but
it’s dominant position in Chinese vaccine market is challenged not only by domestic
small players, but also by international pharmaceuticals. Consolidating of the domestic
market position and then going into the international path are CNBG’s development
strategy. Thus, It is very important for CNBG to find the internationalization way of
vaccine.
This paper outlined vaccine and vaccine industry firstly, then analyzed the trends
of domestic and international vaccine markets with numbers of data. By using SWOT,
ananlyzed CNBG’s internationalization strategy’s advantges, disadvantige,
opportunities and threats. Finally this paper puted forward CNBG’ vaccine
internationalization mode and guarantee measures.
Numbers of scientists, lots of vaccine, big capacity, low cost, foundation in China
vaccine market, and economic strength are CNBG’s comparative advantage.
Disadvantage are the lack of experience to participate in international competition and
international certification experience, brand construction problems, lack of international
competitive new products. The globle vaccine industry has huge space for development.
International organizations focus on CNBG. Challenges maily come from the domestic
and foreign counterparts, the uncertainty of the globle economy and the differences
between Chinese and Western culture difference. Analysis shows that the CNBG’s
vaccine internationalization is feasible.
The details of the strategy can be described into ‘Three Steps’: Through
collaborations with research institutions and commercial vaccine companies, or
acquisition to acquire the products and technologies which are necessary for our
strategy. This is so-called ‘Bring-ins’. Secondly, maximize registrations of the
existing products in domestic ‘private’ market and through WHO PQ to allow those
products exporting into international markets. This is so-called ‘Going-out’; Thirdly,
by setting up manufacturing facilities outside China and by acquisition of foreign
vaccine companies, CNBG intends to ‘Going-into’ selected international markets as a
commercial entity. To facilitate these three steps of CNBG’s internationalization
strategy, the CNBG board should pay great attention in the Management team design,
Relevant policy setting up, Hiring of key personnel and Sufficient funding.
Keyworkds: China National Biotec Group (CNBG), Vaccine, Internationalization