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2021年 12月 10日
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A银行农户贷款资产质量优化研究
摘要
在党的十九大报告中，明确提出实行乡村振兴战略，这是我国实现民族复兴、
国家富强的必由之路。解决好“三农”问题是实现乡村振兴的关键。实现“农民增
收、农业致富、农村发展”自然离不开金融的助力。在众多的金融机构中，农村商
业银行与“三农”一直紧密相连，承载着面向三农、服务城乡的历史使命。为帮助
农户致富，早日走上小康之路，农村商业银行成立了专门的职能部门来研发和推动
“三农”系列信贷产品，全力推进农商银行“三农”金融服务工作。
农村商业银行和邮政储蓄银行因各自先天优势，分别占领着农村金融市场的半
壁江山，有着其他银行无法比肩的农户资源。近年来，A银行作为农村商业银行与
辖区内同业银行相比，在客户群体方面，有着几乎相同的服务对象；在银行现行业
务方面，没有明显区别。但是该银行在农户贷款方面，却存在农户贷款占贷款总额
比重大，不良贷款余额一直持续增长，农户不良贷款率远高于其他同业银行的现象，
从而造成该银行整体贷款质量状况不佳的现状。
为了进一步提高农户贷款资产质量，本文从A银行农户贷款目前现状和存在的
问题出发，深入分析其农户贷款资产质量及其相关数据，通过查阅相关资料文献，
确定研究思路。首先，对该银行农户贷款资产质量从不良贷款额、不良贷款率、五
级分类占比、贷款迁徙率、贷款违约率、贷款本息偿还率、贷款挪用率等7个贷款
资产质量评价指标进行现状剖析；其次，将该银行农户贷款相关数据同辖区内同业
两家银行（邮政储蓄银行和B农村商业银行）进行对比分析，归纳得出该银行农户
贷款资产质量目前明显处于辖区内同行业平均水平之下，并且农户不良贷款率居高
不下且处于持续增长状态。结合搜集到的农户贷款相关资料及1000份农户贷款的
数据样本，通过Logistic模型在年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、性别、贷款金额、
农户贷款到期日设置是否合理、执行利率浮动幅度、贷后征信等13个因素方面进
行实证分析，结合第三章的比较分析，得到家庭资产负债率、贷款到期日设置、贷
款资金的实际使用用途、贷后征信4个显著影响农户贷款资产质量因素。最后，本
文从科学把控家庭负债规模、合理设置贷款产品到期时间、全程监督贷款实际使用
用途、加强监管农户贷后征信等4方面制定行之有效的措施，真正让该银行的农户
贷款资产质量得到最大程度优化。
关键词：农村商业银行；农户贷款；不良贷款率；资产质量
1

目录
ABSTRACT
In the report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC),
the rural revitalization strategy was clearly put forward, which is the only way for China
to achieve national rejuvenation and prosperity. Solving problems related to agriculture,
rural areas and farmers is the key to rural revitalization. The realization of "farmers'
income increase, agricultural prosperity, rural development" is naturally inseparable from
the help of finance. Among numerous financial institutions, rural commercial banks have
always been closely connected with "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", bearing the
historical mission of facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers and serving urban and
rural areas. In order to help farmers get rich and get well-off as soon as possible, Rural
commercial Bank has set up a special functional department to research and develop and
promote the "three rural" series of credit products, and fully promote the "three rural"
financial services of rural Commercial Bank.
Because of their inherent advantages, rural commercial banks and postal savings
banks occupy half of the rural financial market and have peasant household resources that
other banks cannot match. In recent years, bank A, as A rural commercial bank, has
almost the same service object in terms of customer groups compared with other banks in
its jurisdiction. There is no discernible difference in what banks do now. However, in
terms of loans to farmers, farmers' loans account for a significant proportion of total
loans, the balance of non-performing loans keeps growing, and the ratio of
non-performing loans to farmers is much higher than other banks, resulting in the poor
loan quality of the bank as a whole.
In order to further improve the quality of peasant household loan assets, this paper,
starting from the current situation and existing problems of peasant household loan of
BANK A, deeply analyzes the quality of peasant household loan assets and related data,
and determines the research ideas by referring to relevant materials and literature. First of
all, the present situation of the farmer's loan asset quality of the bank is analyzed from the
non-performing loan amount, non-performing loan ratio, proportion of five classification,
loan migration rate, loan default rate, loan principal and interest repayment rate, loan
appropriation rate and other 7 loan asset quality evaluation indicators. Second, will the
bank peasant household loans the related data to trade the two Banks within their
respective jurisdictions (postal savings Banks and rural commercial bank B) were
analyzed and summarized that the peasant household loans the bank quality obviously
now under average industry within their respective jurisdictions, and farmers
2
。。。以下略