I 摘要 伴随科学技术水平快速提升，互联网经济的蓬勃发展和人民生活水平日益提 高，在物质生产日趋丰富和饱和的市场环境下，市场需求和居民消费方式正在发 生逐步的改变。多样化、个性化的市场需求愈加明显，线上消费逐步成为主流， 企业的规模效应和成本控制不再成为绝对的取胜利器。市场供求关系研究、市场 发展方向分析、生产经营模式转型、新型技术应用、未来发展前景预判等一度成 为传统家电行业的研究方向，以寻求新的发展动力。按需生产已成为当前市场供 求关系的变化趋势，以客户需求为导向的生产经营模式研究，已成为众多传统家 电企业加强自身能力建设、提高竞争力的有效手段。 通过对国内家电行业发展历程及传统家电行业发展趋势、挑战、转型方向的 研究，明确当前市场供需变化趋势,并以CH家电公司为研究对象，在理论及实践 的基础上，对其生产运作模式的转型进行研究。从对企业生产运作基本理论的研 究出发，分析CH家电公司现有生产模式上的瓶颈问题以及向按订单生产模式转型 的必要性，将理论与生产实践相结合，通过一系列的深入分析和研究，设计制定 CH家电公司按订单生产模式实施方案。首先，从生产运作现状入手，分析CH家 电公司的主要生产计划类型、生产运作组织及流程等，分析和研究当前生产模式 存在的问题和转型的必要性；其次，通过设定目标，以解决问题为基础进行方案 研究与设计，旨在解决CH家电公司需求响应能力低的问题；再次，从信息化建设、 业务实施现状两个角度，阐述了按订单生产模式当前的实施进度和问题，并提出 了关于产能规划、订单周期两大改进建议；最后全面总结CH家电公司按订单生产 模式转型研究的结论和展望。 关键词： 家电行业，生产经营模式，需求响应能力，按订单生产模式 ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT With the advancement of the science and technology, the vigorous development of the Internet economy, and the improvement of people living standards, under diversification of product and the saturation of market, the market demand and residents' consumption patterns are gradually changing. A diverse and personalized market is taking shape, on-line consumption has gradually become the mainstream, scale and cost control are no longer a means of victory for enterprise. Research on market supply and demand, market development direction, production and business pattern, new technology application, future development prospects, are becoming the way home appliance industry to seek development and advancement. Production on demand has become the changing trend of the current market supply and demand relationship. Research on customer demand-oriented production and business models has become an effective means for many traditional home appliance companies to strengthen their own capacity building and improve competitiveness. Through the research on the development history of the domestic home appliance industry, the development trend, challenge and transformation direction of the traditional home appliance industry, this thesis aims to clarify the current market supply and demand trends. Meanwhile, to research the transformation of production operation mode of CH Household Appliance Company which as the research object, based on theory and practice. The thesis explores the bottleneck problem of production operation mode and the necessity transformation of make-to-order production pattern for CH Household Appliance Company combination with theory and practice, designs the proposal for CH Household Appliance Company to execution make-to-order production pattern. First, analysis the production plan type, operation organization structure, operation process of CH Appliance Company, researching the existing problem and the importance of transformation. Second, designs and researches the plan based on to solve the problem of low response capability of customer demand. Third, explains the current implementation status and existing problem of make-to-order production pattern by information system construction and department execution, putting forward suggestions on capacity planning and order cycle. Last, summarizes the conclusions and prospects for CH Household Appliance Company to execution make-to-order production pattern. ABSTRACT III Keywords: household appliance industry, production and business pattern, response capability of customer demand, make-to-order production pattern 目录 IV 目 录 第一章 绪 论 .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 国内家电行业的发展历程 ....................................................................... 1 1.1.2 家电行业发展趋势 ................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 传统家电行业面临的挑战 ....................................................................... 3 1.1.4 传统家电行业转型方向 ........................................................................... 5 1.2 研究目的及意义 ................................................................................................ 6 1.3 研究内容及方法 ................................................................................................ 6 1.3.1 研究内容 ................................................................................................... 6 1.3.2 研究方法 ................................................................................................... 7 1.4 研究思路 ............................................................................................................ 8 1.5 研究结论与创新 ................................................................................................ 9 第二章 相关理论基础 .................................................................................................. 10 2.1 企业生产运作概述 .......................................................................................... 10 2.1.1 按库存生产模式 ..................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 按订单生产模式 ...................................................................................... 11 2.1.3 按库存生产模式和按订单生产模式对比 ............................................. 12 2.2 按订单生产模式相关研究 .............................................................................. 13 2.2.1 按订单装配 ............................................................................................. 14 2.2.2 按订单生产 ............................................................................................. 14 2.2.3 按订单设计 ............................................................................................. 15 2.3 按订单生产模式构建的理论基础 .................................................................. 16 2.3.1 以客户为驱动力，倒逼企业全价值链变革 ......................................... 16 2.3.2 向微笑曲线两端拓展，提升产业竞争力 ............................................. 17 2.3.3 按订单生产模式下的库存变化趋势 ..................................................... 17 2.4 本章小结 .......................................................................................................... 18 第三章 CH家电公司生产运作现状分析 .................................................................... 19 3.1 CH家电公司概况 ............................................................................................. 19 3.1.1 公司简介 ................................................................................................. 19 3.1.2 组织结构 ................................................................................................. 19 目录 V 3.2 CH家电公司生产运作发展历程 ..................................................................... 20 3.3 CH家电公司生产运作模式现状 ............................................................................ 21 3.3.1 CH家电公司电视业务生产运作架构 .................................................... 21 3.3.2 CH家电公司电视业务生产计划形成 .................................................... 23 3.3.3 CH家电公司电视业务生产运作流程 .................................................... 24 3.3.4 CH家电公司电视业务生产运作考核 .................................................... 27 3.4