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MBA硕士毕业论文_C县农信社不良贷款问题及对策研究PDF

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2004年以来中央1号文件连续13次聚焦三农问题,2019年2月19日,中共 中央国务院指出,在经济下行压力增大、外部环境发生深刻变化的复杂形势下,做 好“三农”工作具有特殊重要性。 农村信用社成立于中华人民共和国成立之初,一直以来承担着为三农提供金融 服务的特殊使命。由于农业是我国国民经济的基础产业,农民占我国人口的绝大多 数,使农村信用社成为了农村金融主力军,也决定了农信社是最主要的支农金融机 构。 河南省某市XC县是国家级贫困县,多年来各级政府为XC县脱贫攻坚工作作出 很大努力。农村信用社作为农村地区的主要金融机构,肩负着支农惠农的任务,然 而农信社在改革进程中,存在诸多问题,本文主要以XC县农信社为研宄对象,对 其存在的不良贷款问题进行分析。 文章通过对XC县农信社内部数据的分析以及对工作人员访谈记录的整理,得 出其产生不良贷款的主要原因分为外部环境因素和农信社内部管理因素,外部原因 主要为三农的弱质性、宏观经济下行以及因当地非正规金融机构倒塌风险造成的农 户资产损失从而导致还款能力降低;农信社内部管理原因主要包括绩效考核标准失 准、弱化风险控制措施、以及员工风险防范意识不强。文章根据XC县农信社实际 情况提出一系列切实可行的措施来降低该农信社不良贷款率。其中包括针对外部宏 观经济环境,建议有关部门加大农村金融的扶持力度,加快建设普惠金融体系。对 于农信社内部管理问题也提出若干意见,对于农信社信贷工作人员为追求业务量忽 略信贷风险的行为,建议通过绩效考核标准合理化、建立专业的信贷团队、提高员 工风险防范意识、规范信贷操作流程、建立风险预警系统、健全信用评级体系、优 化担保体系等措施进行防范,本文在最后还为XC县农信社提供了一些处置不良贷 款的方式建议。 我国将于2020年全面建成小康社会,脱贫工作势在必行,农村信用社是脱贫 工作的主力军,XC县农信社不良贷款问题具有普遍性,全国各级农信社均存在类似 隐患。农信社如何能有效解决当前面临的金融困境,在脱贫工作收尾阶段发挥出在 农村金融领域坚实的保障作用。 关键词:农信社改革;不良贷款;农村金融;普惠金融 I 硕士学位论文 ^531/ MASTER’STHESIS Abstract Chinareleasedtheannual46No1CentralDocument,?focusedonthreedimensional ruralissuesin13consecutiveyears.InFebruary19th?2019,theCPCCentralCommittee andtheStateCouncilpointedoutthattheagricultureandruraldevelopmentshouldbe thepriorityforthedevelopmentofagriculture,ruralareasandfanners.TheCentral CommitteeoftheCPCheldthatunderthecomplicatedsituationofincreasingeconomic pressureandprofoundchangesintheexternalenvironment?itisofspecialimportanceto dowellintheworkofagriculture,ruralareasandfarmers.Ruralcreditcooperatives, foundedintheearlydaysofthepeople'sRepublicofChina,havebeenundertakingthe specialmissionofprovidingfinancialservicesforagriculture,ruralareasandfarmers.As agricultureisthebasicindustryofournationaleconomy,farmersaccountforthevast majorityofourpopulation,whichdeterminesthepositionofruralcreditcooperativesas themainforceofruralfinance,andalsodeterminesthatruralcreditcooperativesarethe mostimportantfinancialinstitutionssupportingagriculture. XCCounty,somecity,HenanProvince,isanationalpoverty-strickencounty.Over theyears,governmentsatalllevelshavemadegreateffortstotacklepovertyinXC County.Ruralcreditcooperatives,asthemainfinancialinstitutionsinruralareas, shoulderthetaskofsupportingthemainforceofagriculture.Thentherearemany problemsinthereformprocessofruralcreditcooperatives.ThispapermainlytakesXC CountyRuralCreditCooperativesastheresearchobjecttoanalyzethenon-performing loanproblems. BasedontheinternaldataofruralcreditcooperativesinXCCoimtyandinterviews withthestaff,thispaperconcludesthatthemaincausesofnon-performingloansare externalenvironmentalfactorsandinternalmanagementfactorsofruralcredit cooperatives.Theexternalcausesaremainlytheweaknessofruralareas,thedeclineof macro-economyandthehugecollapseriskoflocalpopularprivateloans.Theinternal managementreasonsofruralcreditcooperativesmainlyincludeperformanceappraisal Thestandardisinaccurate,theriskcontrolmeasuresareweakened,andtherisk preventionawarenessofemployeesisnotstrong.Accordingtotheactualsituationof ruralcreditcooperativesinXCCounty,thispaperputsforwardaseriesofpractical measurestoeffectivelyreducethenon-performingloanrate.Inviewoftheexternal ii 硕士学位论文 ^53^master’sthesis macroeconomicenvironment,itissuggestedthattherelevantdepartmentsshould increasethesupportofruralfinanceandacceleratetheconstructionofinclusivefinancial system.Somesuggestionsarealsoputforwardfortheinternalmanagementofrural creditcooperatives.Forthebehaviorsofruralcreditcooperativescreditstaffwhoignore creditriskinordertopursuebusinessvolume,itissuggestedtorationalizethe performanceassessmentstandards,establishaprofessionalcreditteam,improvetherisk preventionawarenessofemployees,standardizethecreditoperationprocess,establisha riskearlywarningsystem,improvethecreditratingsystem,andoptimizetheguarantee system. By2020,Chinawillbuildawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway,andpoverty alleviationisimperative.Ruralcreditcooperativesarethemainforceinpoverty alleviation.Theproblemofnon-performingloansofruralcreditcooperativesinXC Countyisuniversal,andtherearesimilarhiddendangersatalllevelsofruralcredit cooperativesinChina.Howcanruralcredit