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I 摘要 相较于传统广告的粗放式投放,大数据趋势下的个性化广告已经越来越被 认可,但是随着营销人员追踪网络行为和展示相关广告的能力不断增强,消费 者对企业收集和使用个人信息的方式越来越警惕,然而,隐私担忧是广告有效 性的重要影响因素。对于当下现状,如何使个性化广告和隐私顾虑达到平衡状 态,是当下个性化广告发展的重要前提。 本文以广告透明度为背景进行研究,从用户特质出发,结合调节定向理论 和理性行为理论,采用事件相关电位(ERP)方法,探究个性化广告推送中,广告 透明度和用户调节定向特质对用户隐私态度和接受效果的影响。实验结论如下。 行为部分:(1)用户隐私态度和接受效果受广告透明度的影响较显著。无 广告透明度情况下接受率最低;有广告透明度情况下,当广告透明度可接受时 接受率最高,当广告透明度不可接受时接受率相对较低。(2)调节定向的影响 效果不显著。(3)广告透明度和用户调节定向之间的交互作用显著;对于防御 定向用户,无广告透明度和不可接受广告透明度的影响并无显著差异,但对于 促进定向用户,两者的影响有显著差异。上述结果表明,用户期望获得广告透 明度信息,反映出用户对个人隐私的关注较高。 脑电部分:(1)广告透明度对用户脑电成分(N2,N4,LPP)的影响效果显著。 在认知冲突方面,无广告透明度刺激下用户产生的N2和N4成分波幅较大;在 情感分配方面,有广告透明度时刺激产生的LPP波幅较大。(2)调节定向对用 户晚期认知冲突成分N4和情感分配成分LPP的影响效果显著。在不可接受透明 度刺激下,相对于促进定向用户,防御定向用户产生的N4波幅较高,LPP波幅 较低。(3)广告透明度和用户调节定向之间的交互作用显著,分别表现在N2和 LPP成分波幅上。对于防御定向用户,可接受广告透明度和不可接受广告透明度 对N2和LPP成分的影响效果显著,但对于促进定向用户,影响效果不显著。说 明在个性化广告推荐和隐私问题之间,防御定向更关注隐私问题。 关键词:广告透明度隐私态度调节定向事件相关电位脑电成 分 Abstract III Abstract Comparedwiththeextensivedeliveryoftraditionaladvertising,personalizedadvertising underthetrendofbigdatahasbecomemoreandmorerecognized,butasmarketers'abilityto trackonlinebehavioranddisplayrelatedadvertisingcontinuestogrow,consumersare increasinglyvigilantaboutthewaybusinessescollectandusepersonalinformation.Privacy concernsareanimportantfactoraffectingtheeffectivenessofadvertising.Howtobalancethe relationshipbetweenpersonalizedadvertisingandprivacyconcernsisanimportantprerequisite forthedevelopmentofpersonalizedadvertising. Basedonthebackgroundofadvertisingtransparency,thispaperexplorestheeffectsof advertisingtransparencyanduser-mediatedorientationonusers'privacyattitudesandacceptance effectsinpersonalizedadvertisingdeliverybyusingtheexperimentalmethodofevent-related potential(ERP)inneurosciencecombinedwithregulatoryorientationtheoryandrational behaviortheory.Theexperimentalconclusionisdividedintotwoparts. Behaviorpart:(1)advertisingtransparencyhasasignificantimpactonuserprivacyattitude andacceptanceeffect.Intheabsenceofadvertisingtransparency,theacceptancerateisthelowest; intheabsenceofadvertisingtransparency,theacceptancerateisthehighestwhenadvertising transparencyisacceptable;andintheabsenceofadvertisingtransparency,theacceptancerateis relativelylow.(2)theeffectofadjustingorientationisnotsignificant.(3)Theinteractionbetween advertisingtransparencyandregulatoryorientationissignificant;fordefensivetargetedusers, thereisnosignificantdifferenceintheimpactofnon-advertisingtransparencyandunacceptable advertisingtransparency,butthereisasignificantdifferenceintheimpactofpromotingtargeted users.Theaboveresultsshowthatusersexpecttoobtainadvertisingtransparencyinformation, reflectingtheuser'shighconcernforpersonalprivacy. EEGpart:(1)TheeffectofadvertisingtransparencyonN2,N4,LPPissignificant.Interms ofconflictperception,N2andN4amplitudeswerelargerwhentherewasnoadvertising transparency,andLPPamplitudeswerelargerwhentherewasadvertisingtransparencyinterms ofemotionaldistribution.(2)AdjustmentorientationhassignificanteffectonN4andLPP.Under theunacceptabletransparencystimulus,theN4amplitudeproducedbythedefendingdirectional userishigherandtheLPPamplitudeislowerthanthatproducedbythepromotingdirectionaluser. (3)theinteractionbetweenadvertisingtransparencyandregulationorientationissignificant, 华侨大学硕士学位论文 IV mainlyinN2andLPPcomponents.Fordefensivetargetedusers,acceptableadvertising transparencyandunacceptableadvertisingtransparencyhavesignificanteffectsonN2andLPP components,butnotonpromotingtargetedusers.Thisshowsthatbetweenthepersonalized advertisingrecommendationandprivacyissues,defensiveorientationpaysmoreattentionto privacyissues. Keywords:advertisingtransparencyPrivacyattitudeAdjustmentandorientation Event-relatedpotentialsexperimentElectroencephalogram 目录 V 目录 第1章绪论...............................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景.........................................................................................................1 1.2研究问题.........................................................................................................2 1.3基本概念与术语.............................................................................................3 1.3.1认知神经科学与神经管理学...................................................................................3 1.3.2事件相关电位方法...................................................................................................4 1.4研究目的与意义.............................................................................................6 1.4.1研究目的...................................................................................................................6 1.4.2研究意义...................................................................................................................6 1.5研究方法与技术路线.....................................................................................7 1.5.1研究方法...................................................................................................................7 1.5.2技术路径...................................................................................................................8 1.6论文框架与结构.............................................................................................9 第2章文献综述.....................................................................................................11 2.1个性化广告透明度和广告隐私问题...........................................................11 2.1.1个性化广告.............................................................................................................11 2.1.2个性化广告隐私问题.............................................................................................12 2.1.3广告透明度.............................................................................................................14 2.2调节定向和隐私关注...................................................................................16 2.2.1调节定向内涵.........................................................................................................16 2.2.2调节定向对认知决策影响.....................................................................................16 2.2.3调节定向和隐私关注.............................................................................................18 2.3认知冲突和态度相关脑电成分...................................................................18 2.3.1事件相关电位(ERP)与决策冲突相关的经典成分——N2和N4成分............18 2.3.2事件相关电位(ERP)与决策态度相关的经典成分——N4和LPP成分..........19 第3章研究理论框架和研究假设.........................................................................22 3.1研究理论框架...............................................................................................22 华侨大学硕士学位论文 VI 3.1.1传统隐私观念.........................................................................................................22 3.1.2理性行为理论.........................................................................................................22 3.1.3调节定向理论.........................................................................................................23 3.2研究假设............................