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I 摘要 I 论文题目:供应链伙伴特性、关系资本对供应链融资绩效的影响 研究 学科名称: 工商管理 研 究 生: 薛萌 签名: 指导教师: 胡海青 教授 签名: 摘要 伴随着全球化市场竞争激烈程度加剧、产品生命周期持续缩短、顾客需求日趋个性以 及综合用工成本和原料成本的不断上涨,我国中小企业的未来发展面临着越来越多的考验 和挑战。供应链金融业务的出现与发展为缓解中小企业资金压力提供了新思路,该业务能 够结合“产—供—销”各个环节,通过资源整合,实现供应链各方参与主体的多方共赢, 为积极实现金融服务的供给侧改革提供助力。近些年来,随着国内外银行业、先进物流企 业的发展,各种各样的供应链金融服务被开发出来,从而帮助资金压力较大的企业实现对 资金流的高效管理与运用。国外如摩根大通(JP Morgan Chase Vastera)、UPS资本以及 渣打银行等针对供应链或分销链推出供应链金融服务,国内如深圳发展银行的“1+N”供 应链金融系列产品服务、兴业银行的“金芝麻”系列产品,以及招商银行的电子供应链金 融业务均为中小企业提供了一定的资金支持。 在供应链金融快速发展的实务背景下,学术界对供应链金融业务的关注也逐年增长, 并将其视为缓解中小企业融资困境的重要途径,展开了多方位、多视角的研究。总结来看, 学界对供应链金融业务的研究主要集中在以下几方面:一是从供应链金融业务本身出发, 对业务运作的模式、供应链金融业务的风险防范等科学问题展开探讨,这其中,也不乏大 量学者从互联网供应链金融业务的角度出发展开相关研究;二是从企业自身的角度入手, 挖掘供应链金融业务的作用效果,包括对企业融资约束、经营绩效等方面的影响;三是从 企业能力提升的视角入手,探讨企业竞争能力、创新能力提升对供应链融资的作用。总结 关于供应链金融的现有研究成果发现,当前研究较少从伙伴选择的视角出发,挖掘供应链 融资绩效的前置因素,尤其是结合当前供应链复杂化发展的情境,探讨供应链节点中小企 业如何通过积累、转化关系资本,从而提升自身供应链融资绩效的实证研究仍为空白。围 绕供应链金融的研究“留白”,本研究将展开以下几方面内容的探讨:首先,基于供应链 伙伴选择的原则,通过探讨供应链节点中小企业与核心企业间的关系特性,明确供应链伙 伴关系特性对于供应链融资业务绩效的作用效果;其次,基于资源基础观,梳理出“伙伴 关系识别-关系资本积累-融资绩效提升”的逻辑思路,通过构建结构方程模型,探究研究 要素间的直接、间接作用效果,并厘清中小企业关系资本积累在逻辑框架中存在的中介效 西安理工大学博士学位论文 II 应;再次,考虑网络能力的边际效益,通过在模型中补充调节效应检验的交互项,构建新 的SEM 2,从而验证网络能力对于关系资本与供应链融资绩效作用关系间的调节效应, 明确中小企业网络能力的培育与开发对于供应链融资绩效提升的意义;最后,聚焦供应链 的复杂化发展特征,基于供应链复杂性的相关定量研究成果,进一步分析中小企业处在供 应链网络当中,其关系资本转化效率、网络能力的调节作用是否由于复杂性的不同导致融 资绩效有所差异,进而明确供应链复杂性这一变量在供应链融资绩效提升机制当中存在的 二阶、三阶调节效应。本研究以供应链节点中小企业与核心企业的关系发展趋势作为关注 点展开多项实证研究,以期从理论上丰富、从实践上指导中小企业应用供应链融资业务解 决资金需求时面临的实际难题。具体地,本研究创新点主要集中在以下几方面:(1)搭 建起“关系识别-资源积累-融资绩效提升”的研究框架,拓展了供应链融资绩效前置因素 研究的理论框架,丰富了供应链金融业务领域研究的实证研究成果;(2)创新构建关系 资本转化边界的研究视角,提出网络能力提升对于关系资本转化的边界条件,明确了关系 资本转化为融资绩效的调节效应研究结论;(3)研究通过构建多群组结构方程模型,将 研究样本进行群组划分,并针对不同群组的中小企业样本展开实证检验,形成不同中小企 业群组关系资本与供应链融资绩效关系路径的对比分析,补充了当前供应链复杂性作用于 关系资本转化效率的研究成果;(4)本文通过探索供应链复杂性的高阶调节效应,一方 面,补充了中小企业网络能力开发的适用情景,另一方面,进一步丰富了“三阶调节效应” 的定量研究成果。 总的来说,本研究不仅从理论层面出发构建了基于供应链复杂化发展视角下的融资绩 效提升模型,还应用实证研究方法对“中小企业是如何通过供应链伙伴特性培养、关系资 本积累与自身能力的提升,进而获取更高融资绩效”的核心问题展开全面分析,解读供应 链伙伴特性与中小企业供应链融资绩效关系当中尚未被完全揭示出的内在作用机理。通过 研究,得到以下结论:(1)资源互补性、目标协同性能够对供应链融资绩效起到直接、 间接的促进作用,而文化相容性则通过关系资本积累,间接对供应链融资绩效起到改善作 用。关系资本在供应链伙伴特性与供应链融资绩效关系间的中介效应显著;(2)网络能 力正向调节关系资本对供应链融资绩效的促进作用,并且关系资本子维度信任、沟通和承 诺对供应链融资绩效的改善作用均会受到网络能力的正向调节;(3)供应链复杂性负向 调节沟通对供应链融资绩效的提升作用,但是对网络能力的三阶正向调节效应显著,即, 供应链复杂性正向调节网络能力对关系资本与供应链融资间关系的调节效应。这说明,供 应链复杂性提升时,关系资本转化为供应链融资绩效的直接效应会被削弱,企业想要提升 供应链融资绩效,更要注重自身网络能力发挥的重要作用。 关 键 词:供应链伙伴特性;关系资本;中小企业供应链融资绩效;网络能力;供应链 复杂性 Abstract I Title:THE IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN PARTNER CHARACTERISTICS , RELATIONAL CAPITAL ON SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCING PERFORMANCE Major: Business Administration Name: Meng XUE Signature: Supervisor:Prof. Haiqing HU Signature: Abstract With the increasingly fierce competition in the global market, the continuous shortening of product life cycle, the increasing individuality of customer demand and the rising of comprehensive labor cost and raw material cost, the future development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China are facing more and more tests and challenges. The emergence and development of supply chain financial business provides a new way to relieve the financial pressure of SEMs. Supply chain financial can integrate all aspects of "production- supply-marketing" and achieve win-win results for all enterprises involved in the supply chain through resource integration, so as to help social economy realize the supply side reform of financial services. In recent years, some advanced logistics enterprises and banks have timely launched diversified supply chain financing services to help enterprises achieve effective management of capital flows: supply chain financing services for supply chain and distribution chain provided by foreign countries such as JP Morgan Chase Vastera, UPS capital, Standard Chartered Bank, etc. Domestic supply chain financing services include the "1+N" supply chain financing products of Shenzhen Development Bank, the "supply chain financing solution for SMEs" of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, the "Jinsesame" supply chain financial services of Industrial Bank, and the "Electronic Supply Chain Finance" of China Merchants Bank, all of which provide supply chain financing services and SMEs. Under the practical background of the rapid development of supply chain finance, the scholars pay more attention to the supply chain finance business year by year, and regard it as a new way to alleviate the financing difficulties of SMEs, so as to carry out some multi perspective subjects for supply chain finance. At present, the research on supply chain finance mainly concentrates on the following three aspects: Firstly, Scholars are concerned on the supply chain finance itself, study the scientific issues of their business operation mode and financing risk prevention, etc. There are also a large number of scholars from the perspective of 西安理工大学博士学位论文 II internet supply chain financial business to carry out relevant research. Secondly, from the perspective of the enterprise itself, a large number of scholars have studied the impact of supply chain finance on enterprise financing constraints and business performance. Thirdly, based on the perspective of enterprise capability, explores the impact of competitiveness and innovationon on supply chain financing performance. Summarizing the existing research results on supply chain finance, it is found that the current research focuses less on the influence factors of supply chain financing performance .Especially in the context of current supply chain complexity, there is still no empirical research on how SMEs in the supply chain can improve their own supply chain financing performance by accumulating and transforming relationship capital. Focusing on the shortcomings of the existing research, this paper focuses on the following aspects: Firstly, starting from the 4C p