近年来，住宅小区、医院、学校等外墙瓷砖脱落、爆裂砸伤行人的事故频繁出现。 容易脱落和破损是外墙面砖的痼疾，这与砖的特性与安装工艺有关。因为块状的外墙砖 安装时形成的接缝极易渗水，而在严寒地区，渗入的水受冻成冰时体积变大，膨胀墙体， 造成不良后果。此外，由于瓷砖的底部会被侵蚀及分解，失去黏附在墙体的能力，会有 脱落的危险。最后瓷砖施工工序控制不到位引起的空鼓亦会造成瓷砖的脱落。 本文提出用外墙涂料替代外墙瓷砖的方案，力图去除小区居民心头的忧虑，解决外 墙瓷砖高污染、高成本、低效率的问题。 本文首先阐述了外墙瓷砖和外墙涂料的概念、发展历程、现状等情况，并对其在文 献研究领域的进展情况进行了概括。其次详细分析了外墙瓷砖在生产、运输、安装以及 在使用期间出现的问题，例如瓷砖脱落安全隐患、环境污染、工程质量、工程进度等。 然后从施工效果、环保、成本、工期、质量等方面对外墙涂料的优势进行了详细分 析。外墙涂料的施工效果不仅是单一的颜色，而且可以做到多种颜色的特殊效果，包括 仿旧效果、仿大理石、水晶石、花岗岩效果以及颗粒效果等。此外，外墙涂料还有除霉、 防霉产品、适应外墙伸缩的抗裂产品以及外墙缺陷修复产品等。外墙涂料全寿命周期整 个过程对污染物的控制非常到位，VOC 的排放亦满足 LEED 等各方要求。对外墙涂料 和外墙瓷砖在成本、工期、质量方面的数据进行了详细比较分析，由此表明外墙涂料存 在明显的安装优势。之后引用澳门具体应用外墙涂料产品（仿水晶石效果以及颗粒效果） 的案例，从施工方案、施工效果、施工成本、施工质量等方面进行了详细比较分析，更 进一步论证外墙涂料在节约施工成本、缩短工期等方面具有显著的效果。 最后对本文的内容进行了总结并对外墙涂料进行了展望，认为外墙涂料在建筑物外 墙翻修领域以及涂料的预制化领域存在广阔的发展前景。 关键词， 瓷砖脱落、涂料、产品多样化、施工方便II Abstract In recent years, exterior tiles were frequently falling off, making pedestrian got hurt happening in residential areas, hospitals, schools and other areas.Falling off and Getting damaged easily are the chronic illness of the exterior tile, which is related to the characteristics of ceramic tile and the installation process. Because of the formation of blocks of exterior wall, brick joints seepage easily. And in cold regions, the infiltration of water to form a larger volume of ice, rupture wall, will result in adverse consequences. In addition, because the bottom of the tiles will be eroded and decomposed, the loss of adhesion to the wall will be risk of falling off. Finally bubble under the tile caused by the poor quality will also possibly result in the tile peeling off. Based on this research background, this paper puts forward the idea of replacing exterior wall tile with exterior wall painting, trying to solve the problem lingering in the minds of residents and addressing the exterior tile problems with higher pollution, high cost and low efficiency. This paper first introduces the development process, present situation and market occupancy rate of exterior wall tiles and exterior wall coatings, and summarizes the current situation of exterior wall coatings in the field of literature research. Secondly analyzing problems during the production, transportation, installation and use of the exterior tile, such as tile falling off, environmental pollution and poor quality of the project. And then this paper makes a detailed analysis on the advantages of the use of exterior wall painting effect, environmental protection, cost, time and quality. Exterior paint construction effect is not only a single color, but also can do a variety of colors of special effects, including the aging effect, marble, crystal stone, granite effect and particle effect. In addition, exterior painting also has mold removing, anti-mold products,anti-cracking products and defect repair products for facade. Controlling of pollutant substance during the whole life cycle of exterior painting is in place and VOC emissions also meet the requirements of LEED and other parties. The detailed analysis of the cost, duration and quality of exterior paint and external tiles shows that there are obvious construction advantages of using exterior painting. After that this paper cited Macao specific application case for exterior wall paint product. AIII detailed analysis from the aspects of construction scheme, construction effect, construction cost and construction quality, further demonstrates the exterior wall painting has a significant effect in the construction cost, construction period etc. Finally this paper makes a summary for the above context and makes a prediction for exterior painting development in future. This author thinks that exterior painting will have a glorious development for the re-decoration of facade and the factory made exterior painting field. Key words: tile peeling, exterior painting, product diversification, easy constructionIV 目录 摘要.............................................................................................................................................I Abstract .................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 绪论..............................................................................................................................1 1.1 外墙砖的发展综述........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 外墙砖的定义、种类和规格 .............................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 外墙砖的发展历程 .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1.3 外墙砖文献综述 .................................................................................................................. 3 1.1.4 本节内容汇总 ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 国内外涂料研究发展综述 .............................................................................................................. 4 1.2.1 涂料简介.............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2.2 国内外涂料发展历程 .......................................................................................................... 5 1.2.3 外墙涂料文献研究领域综述 ............................................................................................... 7 1.2.4 本节内容汇总 ...................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 本报告研究思路.............................................................................................................................. 8 第二章 外墙瓷砖存在问题汇总............................................................................................10 2.1 外墙瓷砖存在问题分析 ................................................................................................................ 10 2.1.1 安全隐患............................................................................................................................. 10 2.1.2 环保因素.............................................................................................................................11 2.1.3 工程质量............................................................................................................................ 12 2.1.4 施工工序复杂工期较长 .................................................................................................... 13 2.2 内容汇总........................................................................................................................................ 13 第三章 外墙涂料优势以及效果分析....................................................................................14 3.1 外墙涂料产品多样化优势分析 .................................................................................................... 16 3.1.1 Concret art & Velature......................................................................................................... 16 3.1.2 Intonachino Mineral ............