本文主要内容是对北京市延庆县三里河地区 2 眼地热井（延热－6 和延热 灌－3）进行地热资源勘查评价。该地区位于延庆县城北部，地热地质条件复杂。 研究区地层为第四系、白垩系、白垩系+侏罗系和蓟县系雾迷山组。第四系、白 垩系和白垩系+侏罗系为该区热储盖层，蓟县系雾迷山组为研究区主要热储层。 研究区的热储盖层地热增温率为 2.15 ℃ /100m，热储层地热增温率为 1.00℃ /100m。研究区主要热储层蓟县系雾迷山组出水量 100m 3 /h～120m 3 /h，出 水温度 66～70℃，属低温地热资源。当抽水井稳定出水量 100m 3 /h，水温 70℃ 时，开采 100 年所排放的总热量为 2.18×10 12 Kcal，单位面积可采热量为 3.53×10 6 Kcal/m 2 ，开采影响面积 0.618×10 6 m 2 ，地热井保护距离为 886.00m。地热供暖后 尾水全部回灌，不浪费地下热水资源。经水质检验表明，该区地下热矿水类型 为氟化物、偏硅酸型淡温泉水，不适宜直接饮用，但可用于洗浴、保健、康复、 娱乐和休闲等方面。 本文为首次在北京市延庆县三里河地区进行地热资源勘查评价，研究成果 提高了研究区地热地质研究程度和认识水平，为提高该地区地热地质研究程度、 深入开展地热勘查、取得突破积累了基础资料。成果主要应用于地热资源勘查 领域，对延庆县同类调查、勘查亦有借鉴参考意义。 关键词，地热井，地热开发，地热资源评价，延庆Abstract This paper is concerned about exploration and evaluation on the two geothermal wells (YR-6 and YR-3) in San Lihe area of Yanqing County，Beijing. The research area is located in the north of Yanqing County with complicated Geothermal and geological conditions. The strata of the research area are Quaternary, Cretaceous, Jurassic and Wumishan Formation of Jixian System. The cap rocks of geothermal reservoir consist of Quaternary System, Cretaceous System and Jurassic System. The strata of Wumishan Formation of Jixian System are the main geothermal reservoir in the research area. The research area belongs to low temperature geothermal field. The geothermal gradient of the cap rocks of geothermal reservoir in the research area is 2.15℃/100m, while the geothermal gradient of geothermal reservoir is 1.00℃ /100m. The water yield of Wumishan Formation of Jixian System, which is the main geothermal reservoir stratum in the research area, is 100m 3 /h～120m 3 /h with water temperature of 66～70℃. When the stable water yield attains 100m 3 /h with the water temperature of 70℃, the total heat discharging in future 100 years is expected to 2.18×10 12 kcal, and the available heat per unit area is 3.53×10 6 kcal/m 2 , and the influence area is 6.18×10 5 m 2 , and the protection distance of the geothermal wells is 886.00m. The tail water will be all recharged without any waste. The results based on the water quality test show that the type of heat mineral water in the research area is fluoride and metasilicate thermal water. The mineral water is unfavorable to drink directly, but it is suitable for bathing, health care, rehabilitation, entertainment, and leisure etc. This is the first time to carry out the geothermal exploration and evaluation in San Lihe area of Yanqing County of Beijing. The research results enhanced the study and the knowledge level in the research area, and it also accumulated data to achieve the research on geology and geothermy in this area. The research results are mainly applied to the areas of geothermal resource exploration, and have reference significance for the same work in Yanqing County. Key Words ，geothermal well，geothermal exploitation，evaluation of geothermal resources，Yanqing County目 录 1 绪论................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题依据及研究意义.........................................................................................................1 1.2 研究现状 ............................................................................................................................2 1.2.1 地热利用方式概况..................................................................................................2 1.2.2 研究基础..................................................................................................................4 1.2.3 存在问题..................................................................................................................5 1.3 主要研究内容 ....................................................................................................................5 1.4 完成主要工作量 ................................................................................................................6 1.5 主要认识 ............................................................................................................................7 2 区域地质特征................................................................................................................................8 2.1 区域地层 .............................................................................................................................8 2.2 区域构造 .............................................................................................................................9 2.3 区域地热地质条件 ...........................................................................................................12 2.3.1 导热、导水通道....................................................................................................12 2.3.2 热储盖层................................................................................................................13 2.3.3 热储层....................................................................................................................13 3 研究区地热地质条件..................................................................................................................14 3.1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................14 3.1.1 交通位置................................................................................................................14 3.1.2 自然地理与气候特征............................................................................................15 3.2 水文地质条件 ...................................................................................................................15 3.2.1 地层........................................................................................................................15 3.2.2 地下水补、径、排关系........................................................................................17 3.3 地热地质条件 ...................................................................................................................20 3.3.1 热储盖层................................................................................................................20 3.3.2 取水段....................................................................................................................21 3.3.3 热储层....................................................................................................................21 3.3.4 导热导水通道........................................................................................................21 4 研究区地球物理及地球化学特征..............................................................................................22 4.1 地面物探勘查 ...................................................................................................................22 4.1.1 重力勘探................................................................................................................22 4.1.2 磁法勘探................................................................................................................23 4.1.3 人工地震................................................................................................................23 4.1.4 直流电阻率测深....................................................................................................25 4.1.5 可控源音频大地电磁法测深（CSAMT） ..........................................................25 4.1.6 氡气测量深............................................................................................................26 4.1.7 微动测深................................................................................................................26 4.2 物探测井...........................................................................................................................28 4.2.1 第四系（Q）.........................................................................................................29 4.2.2 白垩系（K）.........................................................................................................30 4.2.3 白垩系+侏罗系（K+J）.......................................................................................30 4.2.4 蓟县系雾迷山组（Jxw）......................................................................................31 4.3 地球化学温标预测...........................................................................................................33 5 地热井产能测试..........................................................................................................................34 5.1 试验类型与设备 ...............................................................................................................34 5.2 试验方法 ...........................................................................................................................34 5.2.1 动水位与水量观测................................................................................................34 5.2.2 恢复水位观测........................................................................................................35 5.3 地温的垂直变化抽水试验结果计算 ...............................................................................35 6 研究区地热水资源评价..............................................................................................................36 6.1 水量评价 ...........................................................................................................................36 6.1.1 渗透系数................................................................................................................36 6.1.2 预估不同出水量时的降深值................................................................................36 6.2 水质评价 ...........................................................................................................................37 6.2.1 热矿水评价............................................................................................................37 6.2.2 矿泉水评价............................................................................................................38 6.2.3 生活饮用水评价....................................................................................................39 6.2.4 结垢趋势预测........................................................................................................39 6.3 地热资源可开采量评价 ...................................................................................................41 6.3.1 单井地热资源排放总热量....................................................................................41 6.3.2 单位面积地热可采热量........................................................................................41 6.3.3 地热开采保护范围................................................................................................42 6.4 研究区地热资源开发利用评价 .......................................................................................42 7 结论与建议..................................................................................................................................43 7.1 结论 ..................................................................................................................................43 7.2 建议 ..................................................................................................................................43 8 致谢..............................................................................................................................................44 9