陆上丝绸之路是中西方贸易文化交流的主通道,由于海上丝绸之路的兴起以 及明清闭关锁国的政策,陆上丝绸之路曾经一度走向没落,习主席提出的丝绸之 路经济带战略这一伟大构想让古丝绸之路重获新生。发展旅游业不仅有利于带动 整个经济带的发展，而且对于弘扬丝绸之路精神大有帮助。丝绸之路经济带沿线 节点城市众多，各节点城市之间旅游经济发展差异巨大，因此，深入研究丝绸之 路经济带各节点城市旅游经济差异的特征与影响因素，有利于合理开发旅游资 源，协调发展区域旅游经济。 第一，以丝绸之路经济带北、中、南三条线上的 20 个节点城市为研究对象， 分析 2007-2016 年丝绸之路经济带各地市旅游经济的在时间上的差异。通过旅游 总收入、国内旅游收入、旅游外汇收入指标，绝对差异使用极差和标准差来度量， 相对差异用极值比率和变异系数来度量。第二，计算 2007-2016 年丝绸之路经济 带各节点城市旅游总收入与区域旅游平均收入的比值，并选取 2007 年和 2016 年这两个年份，深入探讨各节点城市旅游经济敛散性的空间格局演变。第三，采 用 Nich 指 数 测 算 旅 游 经 济 发 展 速 度 的 空 间 演 变 特 征 ， 对 比 分 析 2007-2011,2012-2016 两段时间各节点城市旅游经济发展速度，分析其空间演 变。第四，选取 14 个指标构成综合评价体系，利用 SPSS 22.0 的主成分分析功 能综合分析 2016 年 20 个城市的旅游经济综合发展水平，测度 2016 年各节点城 市旅游经济综合发展水平差异特征，运用 Jenks 自然断裂法将各节点城市分为四 类。第五，做出旅游经济差异影响因素的假设，验证相关性，提出相应的对策建 议。结论如下， （1）丝绸之路经济带各节点城市在 2007-2016 年间旅游经济绝对差异不断 扩大，旅游经济相对差异波动下降。 （2）通过分析得出丝绸之路经济带各节点城市旅游经济发展非常不均衡， 呈现出较为显著的核心圈、过渡圈、辐射圈三个圈层的空间结构。丝绸之路经济 带沿线节点城市旅游经济发展速度非常不均衡，呈现中线城市带发展快，南线较 慢，北线最慢的局面。 （3）2016 年丝绸之路经济带 20 个节点城市旅游经济发展综合水平分成了新疆大学 2019 届硕士学位论文 II 四类，旅游经济发达地区 2 个（北京和重庆），旅游经济较发达地区 3 个（武汉， 成都、长沙）。旅游经济较落后地区有 8 个（昆明、南宁、合肥、南昌、西安、 郑州、哈尔滨、长春）。旅游经济落后地区有 7 个（拉萨，乌鲁木齐、兰州、西 宁、银川、呼和浩特、沈阳）。 （4）丝绸之路经济带节点城市旅游经济差异主要受到旅游资源禀赋、区域 经济发展、旅游接待能力、地方政策因素影响。针对影响因素可以采取四项对策， 整合旅游资源，加强区域合作；优先发展经济，夯实经济基础；完善接待设施， 提升接待能力；制定相关政策，加大资本投入。 关键词，丝绸之路经济带;节点城市;旅游经济;区域差异;影响因素新疆大学 2019 届硕士学位论文 III Abstract The Silk Road on the Land is the main channel for trade and cultural exchanges between China and the West. Due to the rise of the Maritime Silk Road and the policy of seclusion in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Land Silk Road had went down, a great concept about the Silk Road Economic Belt Strategy that proposed by President Xi has revived the ancient Silk Road.Developing tourism is not only conducive to the development of the entire economic belt, but also helps to promote the spirit of the Silk Road.There are many node cities along the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the tourism economic development between the cities of each node is very different. Therefore, in-depth study of the characteristics and influencing factors of tourism economic differences in each node of the Silk Road Economic Belt is propitious to the rational development of tourism resources and the coordinated development of regional tourism economy. Firstly, taking the 20-node cities on the north, middle and south lines of the Silk Road Economic Belt as the research object, this paper analyzes the time difference of the tourism economy of the cities around the Silk Road Economic Belt from 2007 to 2016. Through the total tourism revenue, domestic tourism income, and tourism foreign exchange income indicators, the absolute difference is measured by the range and the standard deviation, and the relative difference is measured by the extreme ratio and the coefficient of variation.Secondly, calculate the ratio of the total tourism revenue of each node in the 2007-2016 Silk Road Economic Belt to the regional tourism average income, and select the two years of 2007 and 2016 to explore the spatial evolution characteristics of tourism economic divergence in each node city.Thirdly, the Nich index is used to measure the spatial evolution characteristics of tourism economic development speed, and the spatial evolution characteristics of tourism economic development speed in 2007-2011 and 2012-2016 are compared and analyzed.Fourthly, 14 indicators are selected to form a comprehensive evaluation system. The principal component analysis function of SPSS 22.0 is used to comprehensively analyze the comprehensive development level of tourism economy新疆大学 2019 届硕士学位论文 IV in 20 cities in 2016, and to measure the differences in the comprehensive development level of tourism economy in each node in 2016, using Jenks (The natural fracture method) divides each node city into four categories.Fifth, make assumptions about the influencing factors of tourism economic differences,verify relevance, and propose corresponding countermeasures.Conclusions are as follows: (1) The absolute difference in tourism economy between the cities of the Silk Road Economic Belt in 2007-2016 has been expanding, the relative differences in tourism economy fluctuated up and down, and the overall trend showed a downward trend. (2) Through analysis, it is concluded that the tourism economic development of each node of the Silk Road Economic Belt is very uneven, showing a relatively significant spatial structure of the core circle, transition circle and radiation circle. The development speed of tourism economy in the node cities along the Silk Road Economic Belt is very uneven, showing that the mid-line cities are developing fast, the south line is slower, and the northern line is the slowest. (3) In 2016, the comprehensive level of tourism economic development in the 20-node city of the Silk Road Economic Belt was divided into four categories, two tourism economically developed regions (Beijing and Chongqing), and three tourism economically developed regions (Wuhan, Chengdu, Changsha). . There are 8 tourism economy areas (Kunming, Nanning, Hefei, Nanchang, Xi'an, Zhengzhou, Harbin, Changchun). There are 7 areas with backward tourism economy (Lhasa, Urumqi, Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan, Hohhot, Shenyang). (4) The difference in tourism economy between the nodes of the Silk Road Economic Belt is mainly affected by tourism resource endowment, regional economic development, tourism reception capacity and local policy factors.Four countermeasures can be taken for the influencing factors: integrating tourism resources and strengthening regional cooperation; prioritizing economic development, consolidating the economic base; improving reception facilities and improving reception capacity; formulating relevant policies and increasing capital investment. Key words: Silk Road Economic Belt;Node City;Tourism Economy;Regional新疆大学 2019 届硕士学位论文 V Differences;Influencing Factors新疆大学 2019 届硕士学位论文 VI 目 录 一、绪论....................................................................................................................................................1 （一）选题背景...............................................................................................................................1 （二）选题目的、意义...................................................................................................................1 1、选题目的.............................................................................................................................1 2、选题意义.............................................................................................................................2 （三）国内外研究综述...................................................................................................................2 1、旅游经济差异国外研究.....................................................................................................2 2、旅游经济差异国内研究.....................................................................................................4 3、丝绸之路经济带的研究.....................................................................................................6 4、述评.....................................................................................................................................8 （四）研究内容...............................................................................................................................9 （五）研究方法和技术路线...........................................................................................................9 1、 研究方法.........................................................................................................................10 2、 技术路线图.....................................................................................................................10 二、 相关理论基础................................................................................................................................12 （一）区域均衡发展理论.............................................................................................................12 （二）区域非均衡发展理论.........................................................................................................12 （三）比较优势理论.....................................................................................................................12 （四）核心-边缘理论...................................................................................................................13 （五）区域旅游协调发展理论.....................................................................................................13 （六）区域旅游可持续发展理论.................................................................................................13 三、 研究区域概况、数据来源与测度方法........................................................................................15 （一）研究区域概况.....................................................................................................................15 1、研究区域界定...................................................................................................................15 2、研究区域旅游发展情况...................................................................................................15 （二）数据来源.............................................................................................................................18 （三）测度方法.............................................................................................................................19 四、丝绸之路经济带中国节点城市旅游经济差异分析......................................................................21 （一）丝绸之路经济带中国节点城市旅游经济差异时间演变分析.........................................21 1、旅游经济绝对差异分析...................................................................................................21 2、旅游经济相对差异分析...................................................................................................23 3、丝绸之路经济带节点城市旅游经济时间演变特征小结...............................................25 （二）丝绸之路经济带各节点城市旅游经济差异空间分析.....................................................25 1、丝绸之路经济带节点城市旅游经济发散与收敛的空间格局.......................................26 2、旅游经济发展速度的空间演变特征...............................................................................28 五、旅游经济综合发展水平差异特征..................................................................................................33 （一）指标体系设计.....................................................................................................................34 1、选取测度指标...................................................................................................................34 2、指标体系的构建...............................................................................................................34 （二） 各节点城市旅游经济差异综合评价...............................................................................34新疆大学 2019 届硕士学位论文 VII （三）旅游经济综合得分的空间可视化.....................................................................................37 六、 旅游经济区域差异的影响因素及对策建议................................................................................40 （一）确定影响因素.....................................................................................................................40 （二）影响因素相关性分析.........................................................................................................40 1、旅游资源禀赋...................................................................................................................40 2、区域经济发展水平...........................................................................................................42 3、旅游接待能力...................................................................................................................43 4、地方政策因素...................................................................................................................43 （三）对策建议.............................................................................................................................44 1、整合旅游资源，加强区域合作.......................................................................................44 2、优先发展经济，夯实经济基础.......................................................................................44 3、完善接待设施，提升接待能力.......................................................................................45 4、制定相关政策，加大资本投入.......................................................................................45 七、 总结................................................................................................................................................46 （一）研究结论.............................................................................................................................46 （二）创新点.................................................................................................................................47 （三）不足与展望.........................................................................................................................47 1、研究不足...........................................................................................................................47 2、研究展望...........................................................................................................................48