.......................................................................................................................I Abstract........................................................................................................................III 第一章 引言.................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景和意义.................................................................................................1 1.2 研究的目的和研究内容.....................................................................................2 1.3 技术路线.............................................................................................................3 1.4 创新之处.............................................................................................................5 第二章 国内外畜禽粪便资源化研究现状.................................................................6 2.1 畜禽养殖业发展现状及对环境的污染.............................................................6 2.1.1 畜禽养殖业发展现状 ..................................................................................6 2.1.2 畜禽养殖业对环境的污染 ..........................................................................6 2.2 国内外畜禽粪便资源化利用现状.....................................................................8 2.2.1 国外畜禽粪便资源化处理的技术进展 ......................................................9 2.2.2 国内畜禽粪便资源化处理的技术进展 ....................................................10 2.3 国内外畜禽粪便高温堆肥研究.......................................................................10 2.3.1 堆肥技术种类 ............................................................................................11 2.3.2 堆肥原料与堆肥填充料 ............................................................................13 2.3.3 堆肥过程的影响因素及其条件控制 ........................................................14 2.3.4 高温堆肥过程中腐熟度的评价 ................................................................15 2.3.5 国内外堆肥技术的发展方向 ....................................................................16 2.4 国内外畜禽粪便堆肥技术发展趋势...............................................................17 2.4.1 有机－无机复混肥的发展 ........................................................................17 2.4.2 有机－无机复混肥中的原料 ....................................................................18 2.4.3 有机－无机复混肥的有机与无机原料配比研究 ....................................18 2.4.4 有机-无机复混肥对畜禽业固体废弃物的资源化及环境的影响 ...........19 第三章 畜禽粪便高温堆肥参数研究.......................................................................20 3.1 引言....................................................................................................................20 3.2 材料与方法........................................................................................................20 3.2.1 供试材料 .....................................................................................................20 3.2.2 研究方法 .....................................................................................................21 3.2.3 分析方法 .....................................................................................................21 3.3 结果与讨论.......................................................................................................22 3.3.1 堆肥过程中温度的变化 .............................................................................22 3.3.2 堆肥过程中 pH 的变化 .............................................................................252 3.3.3 高温堆肥营养元素的变化 .........................................................................27 3.3.4 堆肥对种子发芽指数的影响 .....................................................................33 3.4 结论...................................................................................................................33 第四章 畜禽粪便堆肥的肥效研究...........................................................................35 4.1 引言....................................................................................................................35 4.2 试验材料与方法...............................................................................................35 4.2.1 供试材料 .....................................................................................................35 4.2.2 试验设计 ....................................................................................................37 4.2.3 分析方法 ....................................................................................................37 4.3 结果与讨论........................................................................................................38 4.3.1 畜禽粪便堆肥对青菜生长的影响 .............................................................38 4.3.2 畜禽粪便堆肥对青菜产量的影响 .............................................................40 4.3.3 畜禽粪便堆肥对青菜品质的影响 .............................................................41 4.3.4 畜禽粪便堆肥土壤中速效 N, P, K 含量的影响........................................44 4.4 结论...................................................................................................................45 第五章 有机－无机复混肥在番茄上的田间肥效试验...........................................46 5.1 引言...................................................................................................................46 5.2 试验材料与方法...............................................................................................47 5.2.1 有机－无机复混肥的配制 ........................................................................47 5.2.2 供试材料 .....................................................................................................48 5.2.3 试验设计 ....................................................................................................48 5.2.4 分析方法 .....................................................................................................49 5.3 结果与讨论........................................................................................................49 5.3.1 复混肥对番茄生长的影响 .........................................................................49 5.3.2 复混肥对番茄产量的影响 .........................................................................51 5.3.3 复混肥对番茄品质的影响 .........................................................................51 5.4 经济效益分析...................................................................................................52 5.5 结论...................................................................................................................53 第六章 研究结论和建议...........................................................................................55 6.1 研究结论............................................................................................................55 6.2 建议...................................................................................................................56