随着经济全球化的加快,建立自由贸易区已经成为国家之间加强经贸联系和 密切国家关系的一种重要手段。近年来，一方面中英两国经济日益密切，经贸合 作不断取得突破，尤其是中国提出的“一带一路”建设为两国产业对接提供了广 阔的平台，另一方面，英国“脱欧”使得英国经济形势充满不确定性，或将助推 英国与欧盟以外国家开展自贸谈判。 本文以国际区域经济一体化相关理论为基础，结合国内外多重背景，首先从 中国和英国两方面指出了两国双边自贸谈判的必要性；其次指出了中英自由贸易 谈判的有利条件，即两国政治和经济关系不断提升，自由贸易谈判经验丰富，两 国战略契合等；之后，本文指出中英自贸协定谈判中存在的障碍，包括两国国情 差异、中英贸易存在挑战、英国贸易壁垒严重以及双边自贸谈判存在不确定性等； 最后，针对存在的障碍和困难，本文建议中国应理性处理与英国政治及经济的关 系，密切双边高层交往，建立多领域合作机制，优化中英两国贸易结构，增强经 济互补性，建立知识产权保护制度，建立贸易争端解决和经贸合作协商机制，吸 取和借鉴世界上其它自贸区建设的教训和经验，争取打造一个高质量且符合实际 情况的自贸协定。 关键词，中英自贸协定 “一带一路” 英国脱欧II Abstract With the acceleration of economic globalization, the establishment of a free trade zone has become an important means for strengthening economic and trade ties and close state relations between countries. In recent years, on the one hand, the economies of China and the UK have become increasingly close, and economic and trade cooperation has continuously made breakthroughs. In particular, the “Belt and Road Initiative” proposed by China has provided a broad platform for the industrial docking between the two countries. On the other hand, the “Brexit” has made Britain economic situation is full of uncertainty, it may boost the UK's free trade negotiations with countries outside the EU. Based on theories of international regional economic integration and combining multiple backgrounds at home and abroad, this paper first points out the necessity of bilateral free trade negotiations between China and the United Kingdom. Secondly, it points out the favorable conditions for Sino-British free trade negotiations. The political and economic relations between the two countries have been continuously improved, the experience of free trade negotiations has been rich, and the two countries have been strategically aligned. After that, the paper points out the obstacles in the Sino-British FTA negotiations, including the differences between the two countries, the challenges of Sino-British trade, and trade barriers and uncertainties in bilateral free trade negotiations. Finally, in view of the existing obstacles and difficulties, this paper suggests that China should rationally deal with the British political and economic relations, close bilateral high-level exchanges, establish multi-field cooperation mechanisms, and optimize the two countries’ trade structure, enhance economic complementarity, establish an intellectual property protection system, establish a trade dispute settlement and economic and trade cooperation and consultation mechanism, learn from the experiences of other free trade zones in the world, and strive to reach a high-quality and realistic free trade agreement. Keywords: Sino-British Free Trade Agreement, Belt and Road Initiative, BrexiIII 目录 第一章 绪论.................................................................. 1 一、研究背景............................................................. 1 二、研究意义............................................................. 2 （一）理论意义....................................................... 2 （二）现实意义....................................................... 2 三、研究方法............................................................. 3 四、研究思路............................................................. 3 五、文献综述............................................................. 4 （一）中英经贸关系的发展情况......................................... 4 （二）中英自贸协定谈判的有利条件、不利因素及建议..................... 5 第二章 国际区域经济一体化相关理论............................................ 7 一、国际区域经济一体化概念及形式......................................... 7 （一）国际区域经济一体化的概念....................................... 7 （二）国际区域经济一体化的形式....................................... 8 二、关税同盟理论......................................................... 8 （一）关税同盟的概念................................................. 9 （二）关税同盟的静态经济效应......................................... 9 （三）关税同盟的动态经济效应......................................... 9 三、自由贸易区理论...................................................... 10 （一）自由贸易区的概念.............................................. 10 （二）自由贸易区的福利效应.......................................... 10 第三章 中英两国推进自贸协定谈判的必要性及有利条件........................... 12 一、中英两国推进双边自贸协定的必要性.................................... 12 （一）中国推进中英双边自贸协定的必要性.............................. 12 （二）英国推进中英双边自贸协定的必要性.............................. 18 二、中英两国推进双边自贸协定的有利条件.................................. 20 （一）中英政治关系持续改善.......................................... 20 （二）中英经贸关系不断向前发展...................................... 22 （三)技术上中英两国在自贸协定谈判方面具有一定的经验................. 33IV 第四章 当前推进中英双边自贸协定谈判的困难及挑战............................ 35 一、英国亲美的政治立场不利于中英经贸稳定发展............................ 35 二、历史文化差异阻碍中英两国企业经贸合作................................ 36 三、高端产业竞争引发中英两国贸易摩擦.................................... 36 四、英国对华长期贸易逆差不利于中英贸易深入发展.......................... 37 五、英国关税及知识产权贸易壁垒严重...................................... 38 六、英国脱欧增加中英双边自贸谈判不确定性................................ 39 第五章 当前推进中英双边自贸协定谈判的对策及建议............................. 42 一、秉持政经分离的战略思维，理性看待中英政治与经济之间的关系............ 42 二、建立多领域合作机制，拓宽人文交流渠道................................ 43 三、增强产业结构互补性，促进贸易结构升级................................ 43 四、搭建经贸合作磋商平台，完善贸易争端解决机制.......................... 44 五、建立知识产权保护制度，构建产业技术创新联盟.......................... 44 六、借鉴其它自贸区经验，推进中英自由贸易区机制建设...................... 45 结 论 ..................................................................... 48