南黄海作为西北太平洋边缘海，周边人口众多，工农业较发达，陆源排污压 力较大。有机氯农药（OCPs）作为一类重要的持久性有机污染物（POPs），研究 其在南黄海沉积物中的分布对于了解陆源有机污染物在南黄海的来源、时空分布 及未来变化趋势有重要意义。与中国其它边缘海相比，南黄海物理环境与沉积环 境特殊，无大江大河的直接影响，沉积物中有机质的来源、分布、沉积控制机制 还不明确。本研究在测定南黄海沉积物中 OCPs 和生物标志物含量的基础上，通 过对比分析生物标志物与有机污染物的时空分布特征，综合分析海陆源生物标志 物指标与有机污染物的分布趋势与沉积记录，不仅探讨了南黄海陆源沉积有机质 的来源方式和沉积分布机制，还利用滴滴涕农药指标和烷烃指标对南黄海有机质 的埋藏环境进行了指示。报告调查和研究了南黄海 32 个表层沉积物和箱式沉积 柱 N02 样品中 15 种 OCPs（α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、o,p’-DDT、p,p’-DDT、 o,p’-DDE、p,p’-DDE、o,p’-DDD、p,p’-DDD、Aldrin、Endrin、Heptachlor、Heptachlor epoxide (Isomer A)、Heptachlor epoxide (Isomer B)、Methoxychlor）和有机质指标 （TOC、C 37 -alkenones、brassicasterol、dinosterol、C 27 +C 29 +C 31 n-alkanes、 Branched-GDGTs、Pr、Ph）的含量，进行对比分析和讨论，得到以下结论， （1）南黄海表层沉积物中∑OCPs 的含量范围为 0.5-7.6 ng/g d.w.，平均值为 3.2±2.3 ng/g d.w.，浓度高值点出现在南黄海中部泥质区（H6-H12 及 H43 站位）， 最低点出现在海州湾内，如H15站位；检出率最高的∑DDTs的范围为ND-5.1 ng/g d.w.，平均值为 0.8±1.0 ng/g d.w.，浓度最高点亦出现在中部泥质区，如 H9 站位， 最低点出现在中部泥质区边缘 H11 站位。∑OCPs 含量空间分布表现为，在南黄 海中部及东北部海域有高值，向南和向近江苏沿岸海区含量逐渐降低。与其它海 区沉积物赋存浓度相比较，南黄海沉积物中∑OCPs 的含量处于中等或较低水平。 位于南黄海中部泥质区北端岩芯N02中∑OCPs含量变化范围为1.2-5.6 ng/gd.w， 沉积记录显示在 20 世纪 40 年代和 90 年代出现峰值，2000 年之后∑OCPs 略微上 升，加之 DDT 含量则出现大幅度上升，直接表明南黄海北侧海域仍有新鲜 DDTII 的输入。 （2）多数表层沉积物中有机氯农药的同族体特征（DDTs，HCHs， (DDE+DDD)/DDT）显示南黄海沉积物赋存的有机氯农药较新鲜，表明仍有新 OCPs 污染物的输入。岩芯 N02 中∑OCPs 含量与生物标志物比值显示后期趋势小 幅度上升，与∑OCPs 后期沉积记录相同，说明在陆源物质输入量不变的前提下， 南黄海有机氯农药输入的量有增大的趋势。 （3）表层沉积物海源有机质生标 C37-alkenones、brassicasterol、dinosterol 的含量分别为 nd-443.5 (155.5) ng/g，77.7-998.6 (439.6) ng/g，160.0-1622.7 (668.3) ng/g，海源生标空间分布相似，泥质区中央明显低值，外侧高值，转而向南侧及 近岸方向降低。陆源有机质生标 C 27 +C 29 +C 31 n-alkanes 的含量为 119.7-799.5 (377.3) ng/g，空间分布显示南黄海北侧高值，向南和近岸方向降低。岩芯 N02 沉积记录显示过去约 90 年，沉积物总有机碳含量无明显变化，南黄海浮游动物 生物量（cholesterol）和浮游植物总生产力（brassicasterol、dinosterol）上升，陆 源生标含量无明显变化，但对于总有机质的贡献下降。 （4）相比总有机碳和海源有机质，南黄海沉积物中∑OCPs 含量与陆源-TOC 有更为相似的分布趋势和统计相关性，说明∑OCPs 与陆源-TOC 有相同的来源方 式和相似的有机地球化学行为，即通过径流输入，后期受沉积物粒径、TOC 含 量和水动力条件的作用进行分选、搬运和沉积。TOC 标准化处理后的∑OCPs 分 布结果进一步验证了近岸径流输入的结论。南黄海海洋浮游植物对 OCPs 的迁移 及分布有一定的影响，初步推断南黄海沿岸的浮游植物及吸附的污染物会在物理 环境的胁迫下搬运至南黄海中部。在岩芯 N02 中通过特征污染物 DDD 与 DDE 的含量对比发现岩芯 N02 前 19cm的沉积埋藏环境为偏氧化环境，这也得到了另 一指示氧化还原环境指标姥鲛烷（Pr）/植烷（Ph）的验证。 本报告的研究有利于掌握南黄海海域沉积物中OCPs污染的确实情况以及历 史上对南黄海 OCPs 的输入情况，并在时空分布的格局上对南黄海中部泥质区污 染物的沉积分布机制有了进一步的了解，可对该海域生态环境高风险的修复提供 管理依据和理论支持。 关键词，南黄海；有机氯农药；生物标志物；来源；分布；沉积环境III Feasibility study on Biomarkers indicating the Distribution and Source of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in sediment from Southern Yellow Sea(SYS) Abstract The Southern Yellow Sea (SYS) is a marginal sea of the northwest Pacific. Surrounding advanced industry/agriculture and then pollutants discharges have trenmendous repercussions on its eco-environments. Study on the distributions of sedimentary organochlorine (OCPs) from SYS is favourable for understanding the distributions and future trends of terrestrial organic pollutants in this region. Compared with other marginal seas of China, there are no direct larger riverine inputs and the distribution and deposit mechanism of organic matter is also unclear. In this paper, the spatial distributions and the records of biomarkers (the indicators of terrestrial and marine organic matter) and organic pollutants have been studied for discussing the source and burial mechanism of these anthropogenic contaminants. The contents of 15 kinds of OCPs (α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、o,p’-DDT、p,p’-DDT、 o,p’-DDE、p,p’-DDE、o,p’-DDD、p,p’-DDD、Aldrin、Endrin、Heptachlor、Heptachlor epoxide (Isomer A)、Heptachlor epoxide (Isomer B)、Methoxychlor) and organic matter indexes (TOC、C 37 -alkenones、Brassicasterol、Dinosterol、C 27 +C 29 +C 31 n-alkanes、Branched-GDGTs、Pr、Ph) have been involved and the main results are as follows: (1) The results presented that contents of ∑OCPs were in ranges of 0.5-7.6 ng/g d.w., with a mean value of 3.2±2.3 ng/g d.w.. The areas with higher values were mainly located at H6-H12 and H43, while the lowest value was located at H15. Among these 15 contaminants, the detection frequency of DDTs was the highest and the contents ranged between ND-5.1 ng/g d.w., with a mean of 0.8±1.0 ng/g d.w.. The highest and lowest contents of ∑DDTs emerged at H9 and H11 respectively. The spatial distribution of ∑OCPs showed an obvious decreasing trend from the middle area to nearshore and southward. Compared with other marginal seas on the earth, theIV contents of surface sediementary ∑OCPs was at lower levels. As for core N02, the contents of ∑OCPs in the upper layer (0-19cm) were from 1.2 to 5.6 ng/g d.w., with two peaks in 1940s and 1990s respectively. After 2000s, ∑OCPs rose slightly while ∑DDTs rose rapidly, suggesting the occurrence of continuous inputs of fresh pestcides. (2) The homologue characteristics (DDTs, HCHs, (DDE + DDD)/DDT) of DDTs also indicated the fresh OCPs inputs into the SYS. Sedimentary records of ∑OCPs and the ratios of ∑OCPs to biomarkers present similar increasing trend, which also indicated the possible fresh pesticides inputs in recent years. (3) Marine biomarker indexes of C 37 alkenones (nd -443.5 (average, 155.5) ng/g d.w.), brassicasterol (77.7-998.6 (439.6) ng/g d.w.) and dinosterol (160.0-1622.7 (668.3) ng/g d.w.), all presented the same spatial distribution patterns, with low values in the middle mud area and higher values around. Terrigenous organic matter index of C 27 +C 29 +C 31 n-alkanes (119.7-799.5 (377.3) ng/g d.w.) also displayed the same patterns to that of marine biomarkers. The records of zooplankton biomass (chlosterol) and phytoplankton primary productivity (brassicasterol、dinosterol) presented an rapidly increasing trend in the past 90 years. The contents of terrigenous organic matter showed no significant change, but their contributions presented a decreasing trend. (4) There were obvious positive correlations between ∑OCPs and terrestrial biomarkers/indexes. The results may be attributed to their same source, migration pathway and burial mechanisms, such as riverine/atomsphere input, grain size effect, and hydrodynamic conditions. ∑OCPs normalized TOC presented a seaward increasing tendency, opposite to that of ∑OCPs, indicated that a majority of organochlorine pesticides may be from the nearshore runoff input. The characteristics of DDD and DDE (0-19 cm) indicated the redox nature of depositional environment, consistent with Pr/Ph index (0.58-0.94 (average, 0.80)). All the investigations in the thesis would gain pollution status and input records of OCPs in the sediment from SYS. Further understanding of the POPs deposition mechanism also has been got based on the spatial and temporal distribution of OCPs,V meanwhile apply as the scientific pollutant control and management. Key words，Southern Y