globalhumanitarianassistancereport 2018 2 acknowledgements We would like to thank the many people who have been involved in helping us putthe Global Humanitarian Assistance Report 2018 together: our colleagues at DevelopmentInitiatives (DI); Rich Carter, Dave Cuvelot, Autumn Forecast, Jenny McCarten, John Schwartzand Megan Weston at Soapbox; and Jen Claydon, copy-editor. We would also like to thank the many experts who provided information andadvice – Caroline Draveny at ACAPS; Ruth McCormack at CaLP; Mateusz Buczek atCERF; Elena de Giovanni at FAO; Mara Ponta at ICRC; Diana Ongiti and Lauren Ellisat IFRC; Lydia Poole, independent consultant; Jordan Menkveld at IOM; Arnaud Levryat Mdecins Sans Frontières; Mark Baldock at OECD; Anita Kattakuzhy at Oxfam;Nurin Yildiz and Gokhan Umut at TKA; Johannes Fromholt at UNDP; Hiroko Araki,Htun Zaw Oo, Petra Nahmias and Kimberly Roberson at UNHCR; Jelena Jovanovicand Poonam Buttan at UNICEF; Mohannad Ali, Adriana Carvalho-Friedheim, KimberlyLietz and Julie Thompson at UN OCHA; Laura Calvio, Kaela Glass and Mark Pryce atUN OCHA FTS; Sam Rose at UNRWA; Franco Ferrentino at WFP; and Rafael Rovalettiand Faisal Yousaf at WHO. We would like to extend our gratitude and thanks to the following people forproviding us with data for our private funding calculations: Camille Chemin at ACTED;Charles Davy at Afghanaid; Joseph Rwanjagarara at CAFOD; Jane Gagie at ChristianAid; Mara Ponta at ICRC; Olivier Van Bunnen at IFRC; Stephane Heymans at Mdicinsdu Monde; Arnaud Levry at Mdecins Sans Frontières; Lance Cole at Mercy Corps;Espen Ruud at Norwegian Refugee Council; Gina Flavelle at Oxfam International;Myrtille Eyer at Solidarits International; Richard Geer at Terre des Hommes Schweiz;Stefano Di Russo at UNHCR; Violet Sempele at UNICEF; Sam Rose at UNRWA;Stefan Jahn at Welthungerhilfe; and Desideria Cosi and Jennifer Jacoby at WFP. We would like to thank the programme’s funders for their support: theDepartment of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development, Canada; the Human Rights,Good Governance and Humanitarian Aid Department of the Ministry of ForeignAffairs, the Netherlands; the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency;the Department for Humanitarian Action at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Denmark,and the Department for International Development (DFID), the United Kingdom. This report was co-authored by Angus Urquhart and Luminita Tuchel. The projectwas managed by Cat Langdon and Rebecca Hills. Data analysis was led by Niklas Rieger,supported by Luminita Tuchel and Duncan Knox, with extensive analysis and researchacross the report by: Sam Ashby, Zach Christensen, Remi Delassus, Harry Greatorex,Raquel Jorge, Duncan Knox, Daniele Milani, Alex Miller, Emily Morgan, Moses Owori,Niklas Rieger, Alexandra Spencer and Dan Walton. Georgina Carver and Simon Murphymanaged editorial production, assisted by Rebecca Hills. Harpinder Collacott and DanielCoppard provided editorial guidance; Chris Degnan and Sophia Swithern (a Fellow of DI),carried out the technical review of the report. Anna Hope and James Harle providedcommunications support. Thank you 3 Foreword 5 Executive summary 7 Chapter 1 People and crisis 13Poverty, risk and vulnerability 14People affected by crisis 16Forced displacement 19Which countries did funding go to 21Funding is directed towards protracted and recurrent crises 22 Chapter 2 Crisis financing 25International humanitarian assistance 26How did assistance compare with requirements set out in appeals 27Red Cross appeals 29Resources beyond humanitarian assistance 30ODA 31Multilateral development banks 34 Chapter 3 Donors: who gives assistance 37International government funding: largest donors 38International government funding: donor regions 40Private donors 41 Chapter 4 Effectiveness, efficiency and quality 43Channels of delivery 44UN agencies 46Pooled funds 47Funding for local and national responders 50Earmarking 52Single-year and multi-year appeals 53Cash 54Transparency 55 Methodology and definitions 56Methodology 56Data sources 62Abbreviations 64Notes 66 contents 。。。。。。