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摘 要
随着我国国民经济的持续快速增长以及综合国力的不断提高，人民币区
域化已经成为一种必然的趋势。经过多年的发展，人民币在我国部分周边国
家和地区已经得到了一定使用和认可，个别东南亚国家和地区其区域货币属
性已经显现。然而，人民币与周边大国的合作成果仍不显著。以俄罗斯为例，
为适应中俄双边地区企业的贸易结算实际需要，2002 年中俄两国央行签署协
定，大力推动中俄本币结算业务的开展，开启了中俄货币合作的新篇章。目
前，黑龙江地区中俄货币合作日趋深入，中俄本币结算、跨境贸易人民币结
算、人民币与卢布现钞兑换等工作都取得了一些成果，为中俄区域货币合作
的奠定了良好基础。但人民币在俄边境地区的经济活动中还没有被接受和使
用，人民币与周边大国的货币领域合作任务依然较为漫长和艰巨。

本文将基于黑龙江地区中俄货币合作的实际情况，采用理论与实践相结
合的方法，重点分析当前中俄本币结算、人民币与卢布现钞兑换、人民币对
俄投资和融资、人民币卢布交易市场建设以及人民币与卢布双边汇率形成等
方面工作，深入研究当前黑龙江地区中俄贸易结算中人民币比例低、卢布现
钞银行体外循环严重、跨境现钞调阅成本高、对俄人民币投资政策和法律依
据欠缺、人民币在俄境内缺乏投资渠道和回流机制等现实问题。基于这些现
实问题和制约因素，本文提出了逐步扩大本币结算领域、推进边境地区特许
经营外币兑换业务网点建设、建立健全人民币对俄投融资管理办法及操作规
程、加强跨境流动资金监测、推动人民币离岸市场建设、加强中俄边境地区
经济和信息交流等对策建议。

关键词：人民币区域化；中俄货币合作；边境地区哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文
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Abstract
With the sustained and rapid growth of China's national economy and the
continuous improvement of the comprehensive national strength, the RMB
regionalization has become an inevitable trend. After years of development, the
RMB, in some of China's neighboring countries and regions has been of some use
and acceptance of individual Southeast Asian countries and regions, its regional
currency attribute has emerged. However, the RMB results of cooperation with
the neighboring country is still not significant. In Russia, for example, in order to
meet the actual needs of the bilateral trade settlement enterprise in 2002, the
central banks of China and Russia signed agreements to promote the launching o f
the China-Russia currency settlement business, open a new chapter of the
Sino-Russian monetary cooperation. Currently, Heilongjiang regional monetary
cooperation between China and Russia intensified, the settlement of the
Sino-Russian local currency, the RMB settlement of cross-border trade, the RMB
and ruble cash exchange have made some achievements have laid a good
foundation for the Sino-Russian regional monetary cooperation. Yuan in
economic activity in the Russian border areas have not yet been accepted and the
use of the RMB and the currencies of the neighboring country cooperation still
long and arduous task.
This article will be based on the actual situation in Heilongjiang
Sino-Russian currency cooperation, using a combination of theory and practice,
focusing on analysis of the current Sino-Russian currency settlement, cash
exchange of the RMB and the ruble, RMB investment in Russia and financing,
RMB ruble market building, and bilateral RMB and the ruble exchange rate
formation work-depth study of the current Heilongjiang RMB trade settlement
between China and Russia, the proportion of low-ruble banknotes bank
cardiopulmonary bypass, cross-border cash access to high cost, lack of
investment policies and the legal basis of Russia RMB , the real problem of the
lack of investment channels and reflux mechanism of RMB in the Russian
territory. Based on these practical problems and constraints, the proposed
gradually expand local currency settlement areas, to promote border currency