虽然风险对于不断创新的企业来说是客观存在的，也是不可回避的，但是企
业完全可以通过对影响其进行新产品发的风险因素加以识别、评估，并建立有效
的风险评估和预警保障体系，尽量降低开发项目的风险、规避风险，以维持企业
健康发展。本文讨论了新产品开发项目中风险的基本概念，提出了新产品开发项
目的风险管理框架；通过以园林工具悬浮式割草机的产品开发为例，详细展示了
新产品开发中的风险感知，风险认识，风险识别，风险分析，风险度量，风险预
警，风险应对以及风险评价等过程分析，深入剖析了新产品开发风险的根源：技
术相关的不确定性、与需求相关的不确定性、与资金相关的不确定性、竞争对手
的、政策环境的和偶发的风险因素，针对这些风险如何进行优化，决策，对抗和
降低风险分别论述了详细的风险应对方案。
园林工具产品存在一定的季节性、区域性和标准的统一性，在此类新产品开
发风险中存在一定共性，本文提取其共性归纳并构建了园林工具新品开发风险管
控体系，为园林工具企业降低新产品开发风险，有效进行新产品开发提供一定的
参考。
关键词： 园林工具 新品开发 风险识别 风险管理Ⅰ
Abstract
Global economic integration, technological innovation cycles are getting shorter,
and consumer demand for personalized, making the market environment; enterprises
are facing more than ever more challenging. In order to meet the competition of the
market continued to maintain the competitiveness of enterprises, the government
proposed the speed up transformation and upgrading of enterprises, encourage
enterprises to innovate policy, requiring enterprises to increase investment in
research to develop more and better products to meet the increasingly competitive
market demand, adjust the enterprises in the industrial chain position, enhance
profitability and rapid development. New product development capability has become
a measure of innovation and sustainable development is an important indicator. New
product development is a risky activity, but also a complex dynamic process, there is a
lot of uncertainty, requires companies invest a lot of resources, once the new product
development failure of the enterprise loss is enormous. In order to smoothly carry out
new product development, new product developments deal with the whole process of
implementation of risk management. This paper focuses on the perspective of risk
management of new product development projects that affect the risk factors and
project risk assessment methods for exploratory research, in order to expect
companies to know their new product development project risk sources, risk
assessment, implementation of risk control, for new product development project risk
management to provide a reference.
Although the risk for innovative enterprises is an objective reality, and it is
unavoidable, but the enterprise is entirely possible through new products that affect
their risk factors to be issued Discrimination, evaluate, and develop an effective
system of risk assessment and early warning security system to minimize the risk of
development projects, to avoid risks, to maintain the healthy development of
enterprises. This article discusses the risk of new product development projects in the
basic concept, a new product development project risk management framework;
through suspension mowers garden tools for product development, for example,
shows in detail the development of new products, the risk perception, risk awareness,
risk identification, risk analysis, risk measurement, risk early warning, risk response
and risk evaluation process, in-depth analysis of the root causes of risks of new
product development: technology-related uncertainty, the uncertainty associated with
the demand, and uncertainties related to funding, competitors, the policy environment,
incidental .... Other risk factors, how to optimize these risks, decision-making, reduce
the risk of confrontation and programs were discussed in detail. Garden tools products
there is a seasonal, regional and standards uniformity in such new product
development there is a certain risk of commonality, this paper summarizes and
extraction of new product development to build a garden tool for risk assessment
index system. Garden tools for the enterprises to reduce the risk of new product
development, new product development effectively to provide a reference.
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