诚然民办大学有着自己的优势,但由于国家的人口政策、就业、费用高等外
部因素开始发生变化,加之民办院校自身存在的问题,民办大学普遍遇到越来越
多的困境。我国高等教育如今已步入大众化发展阶段，连续 10 年的高校扩招，
给原本就不好过的民办高校带来了巨大的冲击。因为政策无法有效落实，由于
人们的“等级教育”作怪，民办高校发展举步维艰，大有濒临生死边缘的感觉。
虽然民办高校办学规模不断的扩大，教学质量在不断的提高，但是，在与
公办高校相比实力仍然弱小，特别是在民办高校内部管理建设方面和人们对民
办高校的认可度方面等还存在诸多问题，虽然近几年有个别民办高校已经提升
为本科办学层次，但在激烈的市场竞争中仍处于不利地位。民办高校在如此激
烈的竞争中，如何才能在夹缝中生存？如何才能发展？这个问题值得所有的民
办高校去思考。
民办高校以市场为导向的业务模式和办学机制，培养市场最需要的人才这
是民办高校与国办高校最本质的区别，也是民办高校的最大的优势。因此，机
动灵活的反应机制，以市场为导向的办学体制是民办高校的核心竞争力。
当前，我国民办高等教育的外部环境已发生了深刻变化，转型时期的山东
民办高校发展如何，有哪些收获，又遇到了什么样的困难，核心竞争力应怎样
构建和提升。以山东地区为例，在高等教育大众化、多元化、多样化的背景下，
依托企业核心竞争力理论，讨论民办高校作为高等教育重要组成部分所具有的
核心竞争力的内涵和特征，对山东民办高校经营现状进行分析，得出当前民办
高校的优势和劣势，为提升山东民办高校的核心竞争力，提供有益的借鉴。
关键词：核心竞争力；办学体制；市场化；民办高校
Abstract
With the popularization of higher education gradually accelerate China's higher
education services market is also gradually liberalized, Public Universities constantly
continue enrollment, foreign universities and private colleges gradually entering
higher education services market, public universities and private colleges and
universities have become increasingly competitive, with nearly years of steady
decline in students, the competition will gradually deepened. The face of an
increasingly competitive higher education market, how to survive in the cracks and
development of private colleges and universities must face a serious problem.
Of Higher Education after two decades of restoration and development of private
universities have been expanding the school,the quality of teaching is also gradually
improved, however, in compar is on with the strength of public universities is still
weak,although there are individual private colleges and universities in recent years
has been upgraded to under graduate school level, but in the fierce competition in the
market is still at a disadvantage.Self-financing private colleges and universities,
independent management, and its rise and fall entirely dependent on their ability to
compete in the future development of the road, and enhance private colleges strength
and influence of the school is to get rid of private universities severe market
competition,the only way, the only way private Higher Education is the key to further
develop and improve the school's core competitiveness in the fierce competition in a
favorable position.
Private colleges and universities use of social capital, the market demand, the use
of diversified entirely market-oriented business model independent school, and this is
different from the private universities public universities the most essential features,
is the biggest advantage of private universities.Therefore, that flexible and efficient
school system,closely integrated with the market mechanism is sponsoring the core
competitiveness of private universities,private colleges and universities are in the
fierce market competition to occupy a place of holy grail.
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