二十一世纪,人类能源消费在经历了草木时代、煤炭时代和石油时代后,将
进入天然气时代。天然气作为“清洁”能源,具有高效、安全、环保的特点,对
环境的污染远远小于石油和煤炭,随着人类环境保护意识和要求不断提高,二十
一世纪,天然气将成为人类能源消费的最主要品种,并在人们的生活中起到越来
越重要的作用。目前,我国是以煤炭、石油为主的能源消费大国,每年消费煤炭
约十几亿吨、石油近三亿吨。煤炭生产、运输和使用过程中造成的水土流失、生
态环境破坏和大气污染问题日趋严重,而石油近一半需要依靠进口,能源安全无
法保障。同时我国是环境污染大国,温室气体排放量位居世界第一,占世界总排
放量的五分之一,二氧化碳排放量位居世界第二,占世界总排放量的十分之一,
环境治理任重道远。
面对生态环境和能源安全提出的挑战,为改善能源结构,减少环境污染,发
展替代燃料和替代技术已成为必然的选择,在世界能源生产总量中,天然气已占
到1/3,并有可能在不远的将来逐步将现时广受欢迎的石袖和煤炭挤到次要地位。
2020年前,天然气在世界能源需求中的比例将会达到45%-50%。其中以LNG方式
出售的约占33%。很多业内人士认为,能取代煤炭和石油成为世界主要消费能源的,
不是风力不是潮汐也不是太阳能,而是天然气。或者准确的说,是凝固的便于运
输的液化天然气一LNG。
2010年开始,筹建一座日处理20万立方米天然气液化工厂,论文从项目管理
的角度叙述了工厂由设想规划、筹备建设到运营管理的全过程,总结得失,以资
借鉴。
关键词:液化天然气,清洁能源,运营管理
I
Abstract
Mankind has experienced vegetation era, energy consumption era, coal and
petroleum era, then will enter the era of natural gas in twenty-first century. As clean
energy, natural gas is efficient, safe, environmentally friendly . The environmental
pollution is far less than oil and coal. As the consciousness and requirements of
environmental protection continue to increase,natural gas will become the main
varieties of human energy consumption in the 21st century, and will play an
increasingly important role in people's lives. At present, China is coal, petroleum-based
energy consuming countries, the annual coal consumption is about ten million tons,oil
nearly three million tons. The process of coal production, transportation and use caused
soil erosion,destruction of the ecological environment and the air pollution problems.
Nearly half of the oil in China rely on imports, energy security can not be guaranteed.
Meanwhile, China is a big country for environmental pollution, greenhouse gas
emissions is the worst,the fifth in the world , carbon dioxide emissions ranked second,
and tenth in the world. We still have a long way to go to govern and protect
environmental.
Face to the challenges posed by ecological environment and energy security,
alternative technologies have become an inevitable choice to improve the energy
structure and reduce environmental pollution. Natural gas has accounted for 1/3 in the
world total energy production,it is possible that natural gas will gradually popular now
pushed oil and coal secondary position in the near future . In 2020, natural gas in the
proportion will reach 45% -50% in the world energy demand,which sold as LNG reach
about 33%. Many industry insiders believe that natural gas can replace coal and oil ,
wind and solar, become the major consumer of energy. To be exact, it isLNG— frozen
liquefied natural gas, which is facilitate to transport.
Beginning fromn 2010,1 started to build a daily natural gas liquefaction plant,with
200,000 cubic meters. The paper described the entire process from the perspective of
project management of the factory ,from the idea of planning, preparation and
construction,the operation and management, to summarize my gains and losses, for the
purpose of reference.
Key words: Liquefied Natural Gas,operations management,clean energy
II
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