在学术界不断提出各种先进环保理念和各大环保公益组织的积极宣传之下,
可持续发展、循环经济、低碳经济等观念开始深入人心,“绿色”逐渐成为广大
民众追求的生活态度,“绿色消费”、“绿色采购”、“绿色金融”就此风靡,以低
能耗、低污染、低排放和高效能、高效率、高效益(三低三高)为基础,以低碳
发展为方向,以节能减排为方式的低碳经济发展模式成为世界经济发展的潮流。
在这样的环境下,企业如若不舍弃传统的生产经营观念,走上“绿色”的道路,
必然会遭到灭顶之灾。为了顺利的完成这一转型,并在“绿色”的道路上稳步前
进,完成对传统财务管理模式的转变成为企业发展的关键一步。为此,20世纪九
十年代国内外学术界提出了绿色财务管理这一概念,对它的研究至今方兴未艾。
可以说,实施可持续发展战略、推行绿色财务管理是当前和未来企业经营管理的
必然趋势,势在必行。上市公司是现代企业的代表,在这方面更需先行一步。基
于上述背景,本人选择上市公司绿色财务管理这个主题进行研究,目的在于构建
上市公司的绿色财务管理机制。
本论文的第一部分回顾了当前国内外对绿色财务管理研究的成果,同时简述
了各种与绿色财务管理相联系的先进理念(可持续发展观、循环经济和低碳经济
理念、企业社会责任理论),并得出这些理念的实行要以企业绿色财务管理为支
撑的结论。然后总结提出了绿色财务管理及绿色财务管理机制的概念。
在第二部分分析构建上市公司绿色财务管理机制的必要性和紧迫性与第三
部分总结上市公司绿色财务管理的目标和内容的基础上,本论文的第四部分利用
“壳层结构模型”构建了上市公司的绿色财务管理机制。这部分内容系统的论述
了该机制所应包含的三个层次。首先是对每一层次分开阐述,包括每一层次的组
成要素、各要素之间的联系;其次对这三个层次相互之间的关系进行论述。
最后一部分是对策措施部分。即从营造构建环境、财务方法和利益相关者三
个方面分别阐述如何构建上市公司的绿色财务管理机制的对策措施。
关键词:构建;上市公司;绿色财务管理机制;壳层结构模型;对策措施
Abstract
With the rising level of sea year by year, the ozonosphere continuing to appear
empty, the Species are gradually into extinction, the farmland is in serious salinization,
freshwater become smelly because of the penetration of the industrial Sewage, the
climate become more and more intensified, many enlightened people realize that the
destroy is more than the progress to the society and economy in the developed model
of the 20
th
century. So, human who must reject the model is urgent work for the
sustainable development of the earth and future generations of mankind in the 21
th
century.
Variety of advanced environmental concepts have been continuously proposed
by the academia and Positively publicized by the major organization of
Environmental charity, the sustainable development , circular economy, low-carbon
economy and other ideas enjoy popular support, ”the green” become the life attitude
which is pursuitted by people, green consumption, green procurement and green
finance become fashionable, The trend of world economic development become into
the model of low-carbon economy based on low power, low pollution, low emission
and high-performance, high efficiency, high benefit. If a company didn’t abandon the
traditional concept of the production and operation, it would be subjected to totally
disaster in such a market environment. In order to successfully carry out this
transformation and get steady progress in the road of “the green”, the key step is to
complete the shift of the traditional model of financial management for the
enterprise’s development. To solve the problem, the concept of green financial
management was proposed by the academia of the world, so far, the research is in the
ascendant. It can be said that corporate implement the strategy of sustainable
development and the green financial management is the inexorable trend now and in
the future. The listed company, as the representative of the modern enterprise, must
implement it firstly. I choose listed company’s green financial management as the
theme of my study, my aim is to create the mechanism of green financial management
for listed company.
The first part of this thesis is to review the achievement about the green financial
management at home and abroad, a brief description about advanced environmental
concepts,include the theory of sustainable development, circular economy and low-carbon
economy, corporate social responsibility and so on ,which are associated with green
financial management. My conclusion is that these theories need the support of green
financial management in order to implement them. At the same time, I summary and
propose the content of the green financial management and the mechanism of green
financial management.
I analyze the necessity and urgency to create the mechanism of green financial
management for listed company in the second part. The shell structure model is used
to create the mechanism of green financial management for listed company in the
fourth part based on the third section which summary the aim and content of listed
company’s green financial management. This section discussed the three levels of the
mechanism. Firstly, it describes separately each level, including the elements of each
level and the linkage between them. Secondly, the relationship among the levels are
discussed.
The measures how to implement the mechanism is discussed in the last part.
Three sections which include the environment, financial methods and stakeholders are
elaborated.
Key words: Construction; Listed company; The mechanism of green financial
management; The shell structure model; Strategy and measure
第一章 引言
1.1 选题背景
20 世纪七十年代以来,当前人类生存的社会已经受到严重的破坏,温室效
应导致海平面上升,世界气候出现相当多的异常,臭氧层的破坏,生物的灭绝,
耕地的减少,淡水被污染,凡此种种,无不引发人类对自身行为的思考。在这种
状况下,深入人心的可持续发展和循环经济观念激发人们对“绿色生活”的追求,
由此而引发的“绿色消费”、“绿色采购”、“绿色金融”浪潮,迫使企业也要改变
传统的生产经营观念,走上“绿色”的道路。企业财务管理也不例外。20 世纪
九十年代以来国内外学术界开始的对企业绿色财务管理问题的研究探讨,至今方
兴未艾。企业绿色财务管理的实践活动也不断深入。可以说,企业实施可持续发
展战略,推行绿色财务管理是当前和未来企业经营管理的必然趋势,势在必行。
上市公司是现代企业的代表,在这方面更需先行一步。本论文选择企业绿色财务
管理这个主题,以构建上市公司的绿色财务管理机制为主要目标,也是在这种背
景和环境下并结合所学的专业知识做出的选择。
1.2 选题研究目的和意义
鉴于目前我国学术界和企业对绿色财务管理的研究和实践还处于初级阶段,
还未构建一套完整且适用于上市公司的绿色财务管理机制,而在可持续发展和循
环经济思想的指导下,构建上市公司绿色财务管理机制,可为我国各类企业以后
实际实行绿色财务管理做好理论准备。本论文将以此为目标,竭力设计出能为上
市公司推行实施的绿色财务管理机制,不仅可以弥补这方面的空缺,并为以后的
学术研究提供参考和借鉴,以便于提出更为完善的企业绿色财务管理机制,而且
可以提高政府相关部门和社会各界对企业绿色财务管理的关注。
加快构建上市公司的绿色财务管理机制,将资源和环境因素纳入上市公司财
务管理和业绩评价,不仅能促进改变目前我国上市公司只重视经济效益,忽视环
境效益和社会效益的不良现实情况,同时可以改变目前上市公司财务决策中主要
考虑投资项目的财务可行性和经济利润的不科学的传统做法,而且能增强我国上
市公司生产的产品或提供的服务在国际市场的实际竞争力。客观的说,目前我国
上市公司虽然从一定程度上有了“绿色”的观念,但其生产方式仍只顾眼前利益,
忽视资源的高效利用,有些行业的上市公司对环境的污染依然很严重。为了改变
这一现状,不仅政府方面要出台相关的政策,学术界也应该尽快构建绿色财务管
理机制理论体系,提出完善的绿色财务管理机制实施对策,最为重要的是,必须
推动各类企业更好地开展绿色财务管理的实践活动。