分类号：学校代码：10139
U D C：学号：20210205067
Research on peasant household welfare effect of
poverty alleviation workshop policy
——a case study of Inner Mongolia
中文摘要
党的十八大以来，国家多次强调要充分发挥就业在扶贫事业中的重要作用，
一方面要引导农村劳动力走出农村，另一方面要吸纳农户实现家门口就业，帮助
群众增加非农务工收入，实现摆脱贫困的目标。扶贫车间连接了产业扶贫和就业
扶贫，在实践中通过发展乡村工业来实现就近就地就业以及发展创业增收脱贫，
扶贫车间作为一种创新性的扶贫模式不断出现在中央和地方政府的政策文件中。
随着脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利，扶贫车间也在不断发展、转型，扶贫车间政策的主
要任务不再仅仅只是帮助农户解决就近就业问题，为农户提供稳定的就业岗位，
从而增加农户的收入水平，起到明显地带贫效果，还间接带来了众多的社会效应，
例如能够满足农户心理上的需求和改善物质生活等。无论是扶贫车间政策能够为
农民创造更多的就业岗位、促进农民收入地增长，还是其产生的诸多社会效果，
对于农民福利会产生怎样的影响，成为研究讨论的重要议题。因此本文探究扶贫
车间政策对农户福利效应的影响，分析影响农户福利效应的因素，进一步帮助参
与扶贫车间政策的农户提高福利水平，有利于为扶贫车间政策的后续发展提出更
加全面的政策建议。
本文是对内蒙古自治区兴安盟突泉县、乌兰察布市卓资县和赤峰市翁牛特旗
的易地扶贫搬迁集中安置点的农户开展实地调研。基于调研数据，结合阿玛蒂
亚·森的可行能力理论构建扶贫车间政策的农户福利测度指标体系，选取经济状
况、防护性保障、住行条件、心理情感、社会参与以及发展机会这六项功能性活
动，利用模糊综合评价法对农户的福利水平进行测度，从多维度得到扶贫车间政
策农户福利水平的变化趋势。进而运用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）进一步讨论扶贫
车间政策是否具有改善农户福利效应的作用，分析农户的户主特征以及家庭资源
禀赋特征是如何影响农户福利效应的。
研究结果表明：（1）经济因素能够提高扶贫车间的发展水平；（2）扶贫车
间政策具有正向福利效应；（3）户主特征和家庭资源禀赋提升农户福利水平；
由此，为进一步提高扶贫车间政策的农户福利水平提出以下几点建议：（1）提
高扶贫车间政策对农户的经济福利效应；（2）提升扶贫车间政策农户的非经济
福利水平；（3）增加女性和老年人的就业机会，增强农户信心；（4）加快扶贫
车间的转型升级，推动可持续发展。
关键词：扶贫车间；农户福利；可行能力理论；模糊综合评价；倾向得分匹
配
ABSTRACT
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,
the state has repeatedly emphasized that it is necessary to give full play to
the important role of employment in the cause of poverty alleviation,on
the one hand,to guide rural labor out of the countryside,on the other
hand,to absorb farmers to achieve employment at the doorstep,help the
masses increase non-agricultural migrant income,and achieve the goal of
getting rid of poverty.Poverty alleviation workshops connect industrial
poverty alleviation and employment poverty alleviation.In practice,rural
industries are developed to achieve local employment and increase
income through entrepreneurship.Poverty alleviation workshops,as an
innovative poverty alleviation model,are constantly appearing in policy
documents of central and local governments.With the overall victory of
poverty alleviation,the poverty alleviation workshop is also in continuous
development and transformation.The main task of the poverty alleviation
workshop policy is no longer just to help farmers solve the problem of
nearby employment,provide stable jobs for farmers,thereby increasing
the income level of farmers,playing a significant poverty zone effect,but
also indirectly bring numerous social effects.For example,it can meet the
psychological needs of farmers and improve the material life.Whether
the poverty alleviation workshop policy can create more jobs for farmers,
promote the growth of farmers'income,or produce many social effects,
what impact it will have on farmers'welfare has become an important
topic of research and discussion.Therefore,this paper explores the
impact of poverty alleviation workshop policy on the welfare effect of
farmers,analyzes the factors that affect the welfare effect of farmers,
further helps farmers participating in poverty alleviation workshop policy
to improve their welfare level,and is conducive to putting forward more
comprehensive policy suggestions for the subsequent development of
poverty alleviation workshop policy.
This paper is a field survey of rural households in Tuquan County,
Xingan League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Zhuozi County,
Wulanchabu City,and Wengniute Banner,Chifeng City.Based on the
survey data and in combination with Amartya Sen's feasible capacity
theory,a farmer's welfare measurement index system for poverty
alleviation workshop policies is constructed.Six functional activities,
namely economic status,protective security,housing conditions,
psychological emotion,social participation and development
opportunities,are selected to measure farmer's welfare level by fuzzy
comprehensive evaluation method.The changing trend of peasant
household welfare level of poverty alleviation workshop policy is
obtained from multiple dimensions.Then the propensity score matching
method (PSM)is used to further discuss whether the poverty alleviation
workshop policy has the effect of improving the welfare effect of farmers,
and how the characteristics of the household head and the characteristics
of household resource endowment affect the welfare effect of farmers.
The results show that:(1)Economic factors can improve the
development level of poverty alleviation workshops;(2)Poverty
alleviation workshop policy has positive welfare effect;(3)The
characteristics of household head and household resource endowment
improve the welfare level of farmers;Therefore,in order to further
improve the welfare level of farmers,the following suggestions are put
forward:(1)To improve the economic welfare effect of poverty
alleviation workshop policy on farmers;(2)Improve the non-economic
welfare level of farmers under the poverty alleviation workshop policy;(3)
Increase employment opportunities for women and the elderly,and
enhance farmers'confidence;(4)Accelerate the transformation and
upgrading of poverty alleviation workshops and promote sustainable
development.
Key words:Poverty alleviation workshop;Peasant household we
lfare;Feasible capability theory;Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation;Prope
nsity score matching