I 摘要 随着中国城镇化速度的逐渐加快，以及城市功能的不断完善，城市中市政工程建设 呈现出高速增长的态势，而市政工程设计市场的竞争也非常的激烈。作为专业工程设计 的公司 A 而言，投标是它获取项目的主要甚至是唯一途径。如何能够提高自身的投标硬 实力以及运用何种手段提高中标概率和预期盈利，就成为这个公司能否在残酷激烈的市 场竞争中生存下来所要考虑的问题。 市政工程行业的招投标制度在我国成立时间不长，但发展较快，A 市政工程设计公 司在项目投标过程中存在一些问题，比较突出的是投标策略问题。本文综合运用文献检 索法、规范研究和实证研究相结合的方法进行研宄，旨在提出可以优化 A 市政工程设计 公司投标策略的相关建议，以期在应用中获得初步成效后能够为其他设计公司的投标工 作提供新思路。本文基于对市政工程设计项目投标策略的研究和探讨，参考借鉴国内外 先进的科学理论和实践经验，结市政工程招投标相关理论，并针对 A 公司项目投标中具 体问题，通过内外环境分析寻找影响投标质量的因素。再次针对因素分析的结果对市政 工程项目投标的策略进行设计，通过一系列分析和改进，全面提升公司的投标质量，文 章最后为规范投标工作制定有效的保障措施，帮助 A 公司在激烈的市场竞争中获得更多 的项目。 关键字，市政工程设计，项目投标，优化策略西北大学硕士学位论文 II ABSTRACT With the gradual acceleration of urbanization in China and the continuous improvement of urban functions, the construction of municipal engineering projects in the city has shown a trend of rapid growth, and the bidding competition for municipal engineering design projects is also very fierce. As a professional engineering company A, the main or even the only way to obtain a project is to bid. How to improve its own bidding hard strength and what means to improve the winning probability and expected profit, it is a question that must be considered if this company can survive in the fierce and fierce market competition. The bidding system of the municipal engineering industry has not been established for a long time in China, but it has developed rapidly. Municipal engineering design company A has some problems in the project bidding process, among which the more prominent is the bidding strategy. This paper comprehensively uses the methods of literature search, normative research and empirical research to conduct research, aiming to propose relevant suggestions for optimizing the bidding strategy of municipal engineering design company A, in order to obtain initial results in the application and provide new ideas for other design companies. The bidding work provides new ideas. Based on the research and discussion on the bidding strategy of municipal engineering design project, and referring to the advanced scientific theory and practical experience at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the relevant theories of municipal engineering bidding and finds the factors affecting the quality of bidding by analyzing the internal and external environment directing at the specific problems in the project bidding of company A. Again, based on the results of factor analysis, the bidding strategy for municipal engineering projects is designed. Through a series of analysis and improvement, the company's bidding quality is comprehensively improved. At the end of the paper, effective safeguard measures are formulated to regulate the bidding work, helping the company to obtain more projects in the fierce market competition. Keywords: municipal engineering design, Project bidding, optimization strategy目录 III 目 录 摘要.............................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 第一章 绪 论.........................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景和意义.......................................................................................................1 1.1.1 研究背景 ........................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义 ........................................................................................................2 1.2 研究内容与方法.......................................................................................................2 1.2.1 研究内容 ........................................................................................................2 1.2.2 研究方法 ........................................................................................................3 1.3 研究思路与框架.......................................................................................................4 1.3.1 研究思路 ........................................................................................................4 1.3.2 研究框架 ........................................................................................................4 1.4 本文创新点...............................................................................................................5 第二章 投标文献评述和相关理论.......................................................................................6 2.1 文献评述...................................................................................................................6 2.1.1 国内文献综述 ................................................................................................6 2.1.2 国外文献综述 ................................................................................................9 2.1.3 国内外文献综评 ............................................................................................9 2.2 市政工程投标的相关概述.....................................................................................10 2.2.1 市政工程的投标概念 ..................................................................................10 2.2.2 市政工程的投标特点 .................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 市政工程的投标方式 .................................................................................. 11 2.2.4 市政工程的投标组织形式 ..........................................................................12 2.2.5 市政工程的投标工作流程 ..........................................................................12 第三章 A 市政公司经营投标现状和存在问题.................................................................13 3.1 A 市政公司经营现状.............................................................................................13 3.1.1 A 市政公司简介 ...........................................................................................13 3.1.2 A 市政公司组织机构 ...................................................................................14西北大学硕士学位论文 IV 3.1.3 A 市政公司项目业绩 ................................................................................... 14 3.2 A 市政公司投标现状 ............................................................................................ 15 3.2.1 A 市政公司投标工作的现状 ....................................................................... 15 3.2.2 A 市政公司项目投标竞争现状 ................................................................... 16 3.3 A 市政公司投标存在的问题 ................................................................................ 16 3.3.1 投标项目筛选不到位.................................................................................. 17 3.3.2 对招标文件内容理解有误.......................................................................... 17 3.3.3 投标文件质量不高...................................................................................... 17 3.3.4 标书格式和封装不规范.............................................................................. 18 3.3.5 提交投标文件不及时.................................................................................. 18 第四章 影响项目投标内外环境因素分析........................................................................ 20 4.1 企业外部环境因素分析 ........................................................................................ 20 4.1.1 法律法规体系.............................................................................................. 20 4.1.2 宏观经济趋势.............................................................................................. 21 4.1.3 地域文化特点.............................................................................................. 22 4.1.4 行业内竞争对手状况.................................................................................. 23 4.1.5 当地政府资力与信用.................................................................................. 23 4.1.6 市政工程项目特点...................................................................................... 24 4.2 企业内部环境因素分析 ........................................................................................ 25 4.2.1 企业信用....................................................................................................... 25 4.2.2 企业资质与技术........................................................................................... 27 4.2.3 企业人才与团队建设................................................................................... 30 4.2.4 企业投标报价.............................................................................................. 33 4.2.5 企业公共关系.............................................................................................. 35 第五章 A 市政公司项目投标策略优化设计.................................................................... 36 5.1 策略设计总体思路和目标 .................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 策略设计总体思路...................................................................................... 36 5.1.2 策略设计目标.............................................................................................. 36 5.2 投标策略优化设计 ................................................................................................ 37 5.2.1 充分发挥信誉优势...................................................................................... 37目录 V 5.2.2 充分发挥技术优势 ......................................................................................38 5.2.3 充分发挥报价优势 ......................................................................................39 5.2.4 充分发挥适应性优势 ..................................................................................40 5.2.5 完善标书的编制与装订 ..............................................................................41 第六章 项目投标的保障措施.............................................................................................43 6.1 人员保障措施.........................................................................................................43 6.2 技术保障措施.........................................................................................................43 6.3 资金保障措施.........................................................................................................44 6.4 监督审查保障.........................................................................................................44 总结与展望..............................................................................................................................46