随着全球运输服务进入综合物流时代，港口和物流的发展相辅相成、互相促进。港 口作为全球综合运输网络中的主要环节，可以说港口是物流链中重要组成部分之一，而 物流的兴起和发展又为港口的进一步发展创造了新的机遇，同时对港口的服务提出了更 高的要求。周口地处沙河、颍河、贾鲁河三川交汇处，为古代重要的航运码头城市，创 造过“通衢五省，人杂八方，商贾云集，南北之声不绝于耳”的辉煌，素有“小武汉”之盛 名。由于铁路交通发展滞后，而沙河水运已经联通长江和大运河入海，人力资源又相对 低廉，发展内河港口物流业成为周口发展的必然选择。周口如何充分利用得天独厚的水 路运输条件，构筑沿河产业经济带，合理规划港口物流布局，是推动周口整体经济发展 中亟待解决的问题。 本文首先介绍了内陆港及港口物流相关概念、基本特征和功能等基本理论，阐述了 内陆港口与物流产业发展之间关系；归纳了影响港口物流发展模式选择的因素。其次， 总结了国内外典型内河港口发展物流业的运作模式，以期为周口港口物流规划提供可借 鉴经验。再次，采用 SWOT 法分析周口港区物流业的发展环境，从周口港区基础设施、 综合服务能力、交通、区位等方面分析发展港口物流的优势与劣势；从中原地区产业结 构调整，政府支持航运、土地、人才、资金、管理效率等方面分析了发展港口物流的机 遇与挑战。接着，运用 AHP 层次分析法对周口港区物流业发展的主要影响因素进行定 量分析，从产业结构、基础设施、物流体系、人才、政策、资金等方面的相应结果进行 描述和解释。最后提出促进周口港区发展物流可采取的一系列优化策略和保障措施。 本文通过对周口港区发展物流业制约因素的分析，提出相应的优化策略和保障措 施，为周口港区物流产业快速发展提供了决策支持，为后续关于内陆港区物流业发展策 略研究提供了参考。 关键词，内陆港，港口物流，周口港，发展策略V ABSTRACT With the global transportation service entering the era of integrated logistics, the development of ports and logistics complements and promotes each other. As the main link of the global integrated transport network, ports are one of the important parts of the logistics chain to some extent. The rise and development of logistics create new opportunities for the further development of ports, and at the same time it also set a higher requirements to the service of ports. Located in the intersection of Shahe, Yinghe and Jialu rivers, Zhoukou is an important shipping port city in ancient times. It has created a splendid city of thoroughfare in five provinces, diverse people from all directions, and merchants gathering. It is known as Little Wuhan. Because the development of railway transportation lags behind, the Shahe River water transport has linked the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal into the sea, and the human resources are relatively cheap, the development of inland port logistics industry has become an inevitable choice for Zhoukou development. How Zhoukou makes full use of the unique waterway transportation conditions, constructs the industrial economic belt along the river and plans the port logistics layout rationally is an urgent problem to be solved in promoting the overall economic development of Zhoukou.. Firstly, this paper introduces the related concepts, basic characteristics and functions of inland port and port logistics, expounds the relationship between inland port and the development of logistics industry, and sums up the factors affecting the selection of port logistics development mode. Secondly, it summarizes the operation modes of typical inland river ports at home and abroad to develop logistics industry, in order to provide reference experience for Zhoukou port logistics planning. Thirdly, the SWOT method is used to analyze the development environment of the logistics industry in Zhoukou Port Area. The advantages and disadvantages of the development of the logistics industry in Zhoukou Port Area are analyzed from the aspects of infrastructure, comprehensive service capacity, transportation and location. The opportunities and challenges of the development of the logistics industry in Zhoukou Port Area are also analyzed from the aspects of the adjustment of the industrial structure in the Central Plains, the government support for shipping, land, talent, capital and management efficiency. Then, the author uses AHP analytic hierarchy process to quantitatively analyze the main factors affecting the development of logistics industry in Zhoukou Port Area, describes and explains the corresponding results from the aspectsVI of industrial structure, infrastructure, logistics system, talents, policies and funds. Finally, a series of optimization strategies and safeguard measures can be taken by government departments to promote the development of logistics in Zhoukou Port Area. Based on the analysis of the restrictive factors for the development of logistics industry in Zhoukou Port Area, this paper puts forward corresponding optimization strategies and safeguard measures, which provides decision support for the rapid development of logistics industry in Zhoukou Port Area and reference for the follow-up study on the development strategy of logistics industry in inland Port Area. KEY WORDS:Inland Port, Port Logistics, Zhoukou Port, Development StrategyVII 目 录 1 绪论........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景与研究意义.................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 选题背景........................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究意义........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状.......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 国内研究现状................................................................................................... 4 1.2.3 研究评述........................................................................................................... 6 1.3 基本思路和研究框架.................................................................................................. 7 1.3.1 基本思路........................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 研究方法........................................................................................................... 7 1.4 本文特色之处............................................................................................................. 9 2 内陆港港口物流理论及发展特点...................................................................................... 11 2.1 内陆港概述............................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 内陆港内涵..................................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 内陆港的功能................................................................................................. 11 2.1.3 内陆港的作用................................................................................................. 12 2.2 港口物流概述............................................................................................................ 14 2.2.1 港口物流的概念............................................................................................. 14 2.2.2 港口物流的特征............................................................................................. 14 2.2.3 港口物流作用及功能..................................................................................... 14 2.2.4 港口物流发展概况......................................................................................... 15 2.2.5 港口物流系统构成要素................................................................................. 16 2.2.6 港口物流业发展的运作模式......................................................................... 17 2.3 内陆港港口物流发展特点........................................................................................ 20VIII 2.3.1 芝加哥港发展特点......................................................................................... 20 2.3.2 安特卫普港发展特点..................................................................................... 20 2.3.3 重庆港发展特点............................................................................................. 21 2.3.4 武汉港发展特点............................................................................................. 22 2.3.5 内陆港口物流发展规律................................................................................. 22 3 周口港区物流产业发展的现状及存在问题...................................................................... 25 3.1 周口港区物流产业基础现状................................................................................... 25 3.1.1 周口港区总体情况......................................................................................... 25 3.1.2 内河航道现状................................................................................................. 27 3.1.3 交通基础设施现状......................................................................................... 27 3.1.4 经济状况......................................................................................................... 28 3.1.5 人力资源现状................................................................................................. 28 3.2 周口港区物流产业发展所面临的形势................................................................... 29 3.2.1 问卷调查......................................................................................................... 29 3.2.2 周口港区物流产业发展 SWOT 分析............................................................ 31 3.2.3 基于 AHP 的周口港区物流产业发展影响因素分析................................... 37 3.2.4 周口港区物流产业发展战略选择................................................................. 43 3.3 周口港区物流产业发展需要解决的问题................................................................ 43 3.3.1 周口港区发展物流产业需要优化调整的问题............................................. 43 3.3.2 周口港区物流产业发展需要提供保障的因素............................................. 44 4 促进周口港区物流产业快速发展的策略.......................................................................... 47 4.1 加快基础设施建设.................................................................................................... 47 4.1.1 推进航道改造................................................................................................. 47 4.1.2 加速码头建设................................................................................................. 47 4.1.3 加快信息化建设............................................................................................. 48 4.2 优化产业结构............................................................................................................ 48 4.2.1 发展主导产业................................................................................................. 48 4.2.2 推动产业融合................................................................................................. 49 4.2.3 调整产业结构................................................................................................. 49IX 4.3 整合物流供应链....................................................................................................... 49 4.3.1 整合企业资源................................................................................................. 49 4.3.2 创新运作模式................................................................................................. 50 4.3.3 鼓励多方合作................................................................................................. 50 5 保障周口港区物流产业快速发展的措施.......................................................................... 53 5.1 保障重点项目发展优势........................................................................................... 53 5.1.1 整治小码头..................................................................................................... 53 5.1.2 加强监管力度................................................................................................. 53 5.1.3 定位码头功能................................................................................................. 53 5.2 人才保障.................................................................................................................... 54 5.2.1 人才引进......................................................................................................... 54 5.2.2 自我培育......................................................................................................... 54 5.3 资金保障.................................................................................................................... 55 5.3.1 资金投入保障................................................................................................. 55 5.3.2 搭建融资平台................................................................................................. 55 5.3.3 吸引民间资本................................................................................................. 56 5.4 土地利用保障........................................................................................................... 56 5.4.1 规划设计......................................................................................................... 56 5.4.2 经济补偿......................................................................................................... 56 5.5 政府政策保障........................................................................................................... 57 5.5.1 完善政策法规................................................................................................. 57 5.5.2 优化港口规划布局......................................................................................... 57 5.5.3 完善行政管理体制......................................................................................... 57 6 结论与展望.......................................................................................................................... 59 6.1 结论........................................................................................................................... 59 6.2 展望........................................................................................................................... 60