摘要
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摘要
随着国内人们生活水平的提高，冷鲜猪肉以其肉质鲜美、质量安全等特点受到
广大消费者的欢迎。冷鲜猪肉作为生鲜猪肉中的后起之秀，在全国范围内发展势头
强劲。为了保证冷鲜猪肉的质量安全，大型冷鲜猪肉销售企业投入大量财力，致力
于冷鲜猪肉冷链建设，引进各种先进的生产工艺和技术设备，大力推广冷鲜猪肉制
品

要使冷鲜猪肉成为生鲜猪肉消费的主流形式，必定离不开运作良好的冷链系
统，而冷鲜猪肉冷链中存在的各种风险因素是影响冷鲜猪肉冷链良好运行的主要原
因。其中销售环节作为冷鲜猪肉冷链的下游环节，经过了养殖、加工、流通等环节
后，上游环节风险因素经过累积耦合传递到销售环节，再加上销售环节本身存在的
各种潜在风险问题，导致销售环节成为高风险区，其风险爆发概率和可能造成的损
失远远高于其他环节。此外，销售环节作为距离最终消费者最近的环节，一旦出现
安全质量问题会直接影响消费者的身心健康，给销售企业的声誉造成恶劣影响。因
此全面系统地研究冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节风险控制具有重要意义

论文通过文献分析和问卷调查，运用风险管理和冷链管理相关理论与方法，界
定了风险的定义和冷鲜猪肉冷链结构；在分析冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节核心流程的基
础上，识别出了冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节风险因素，运用层次分析法和熵值法确定风
险指标的权重，运用模糊综合评价法，得出风险水平等级并进行结果分析，最后从
管理水平、人员素质、设备水平和外部环境四方面提出相应的对策建议，为持续开
展冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节风险理论研究和实践管理工作提供了理论依据和决策参
考

图 9 幅；表 17 个；参 53 篇

关键词：冷鲜猪肉；冷链；销售环节；风险控制
分类号：F253.9华北理工大学硕士学位论文
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Abstract
In response to the increasing awareness of the quality of life, people’s demands for
the kind of safety and health the chilled pork is growing faster. In our country, the chilled
meat is one kind of the new expense form, but it have several dozen years history in the
developed country. In order to ensure chilled pork’s quality, a lot of large sales
enterprises of chilled pork invest massive money to develop their cold chain through
introducing a series of advanced technology and equipments.
To make the chilled meat become the expense mainstream form, it is necessary to
vigorously develop cold chain. However, affected by the risk factors which exist in cold
chain of chilled meat, safety problems have occurred frequently in the links of chain of
chilled meat, especially sales link. Sales link has become highest risk part because of the
risk accumulation of upstream links and sales link itself. In addition, as the closest link to
consumers, quality and safety problems of the sales link will directly make impact
on physical and psychological healthy of consumers and business’s reputation. The
research on cold chain sales link of chilled meat risk management has important
theoretical significance and application value.
The dissertation uses literature analysis method and surveys method. On basis of the
related concepts and theoretical research, it firstly defines the notions of risk and the
structure of chilled pork cold chain. From the perspective of analysis chilled pork
sales processes, this study hopes to identify risk factors of chilled pork sales link. Then it
uses the AHP and entropy method to determine indexes weight. It constructs fuzzy
mathematics comprehensive evaluation model to arrive at the level of risk. Management
measures are put forward from the aspects of management skills, quality of people, level
of equipments and external environment by analysis.
Figure 9; Table 17; Reference 53
Keywords: chilled pork, cold chain, sales link, risk control
Chinese books catalog: F253.9目 次
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目 次
引 言...........1
第 1 章 绪 论.2
1.1 研究背景及意义..........2
1.1.1 研究背景...........2
1.2.1 研究意义...........2
1.2 国内外相关研究现状..3
1.2.1 供应链风险研究现状...3
1.2.2 冷鲜肉研究现状...........6
1.3 研究内容和研究方法..7
1.3.1 研究内容...........7
1.3.2 研究方法...........9
1.4 本文创新点......9
1.5 本章小结........10
第 2 章 风险管理及冷链管理相关理论基础...........11
2.1 风险管理相关理论....11
2.1.1 风险的概念与特征......11
2.1.2 风险管理..........12
2.2 冷链管理相关理论....13
2.2.1 冷链概念..........13
2.2.2 冷链结构..........13
2.2.3 冷鲜猪肉冷链..14
2.3 冷链风险评价方法....16
2.3.1 层次分析法......16
2.3.2 熵值法..16
2.3.3 模糊综合评价..17
2.4 本章小结........17
第 3 章 冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节风险识别...18
3.1 冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节核心模块流程分析18华北理工大学硕士学位论文
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3.1.1 进货采购模块流程分析.......... 18
3.1.2 储存模块流程分析...... 19
3.1.3 加工模块流程分析...... 21
3.1.4 上架销售模块流程分析.......... 22
3.1.5 售后服务模块流程分析.......... 22
3.2 冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节风险因素识别........ 23
3.2.1 进货采购模块流程风险因素识别...... 24
3.2.2 储藏模块流程风险因素识别.. 24
3.2.3 加工模块流程风险因素识别.. 25
3.2.4 上架销售模块流程风险因素识别...... 26
3.2.5 售后服务模块流程风险因素识别...... 26
3.3 本章小结........ 26
第 4 章 冷鲜猪肉冷链销售环节风险评估.