摘要
2021年是中国经济发展重要的转折之年，农民专业合作社作为一二三产业融合发
展的重要载体，对农村地区经济发展有着明显推动作用。农民专业合作社的发展需要
社会相关部门的支持，尤其是金融支持。论文主要以农民专业合作社发展的金融支持
效率为研究主题，所获得的研究成果试图丰富合作社金融支持的相关理论，为合作社
发展的金融支持效率定量研究提供新思路，从而拓宽解决合作社资金短缺问题的方
法，推动合作社的健康发展。
首先，论文对农民专业合作社金融支持相关理论及金融支持现状进行梳理，得到
结论有：合作社数量及成员数持续增加，地域发展不平衡，产业分布相对集中，经营
水平稳步提高；农村金融体系供给结构较为失衡，政府及金融机构扶持力度不断加强；
合作社金融需求呈现时效性高、需求量存在差异、需求期限多样化等特点。
其次，论文构建 DEA-Malmquist指数模型，对我国除西藏以外的 30个省（自治
区、直辖市）的农民专业合作社在 2013-2018年的金融支持效率进行静态及动态分析，
得到的主要结论有：从全国整体看，农民专业合作社金融支持效率在观测期均未达到
DEA有效，且超一半省份都是 DEA无效的，主要表现为合作社金融投入和经济产出
不匹配；动态来看，2013-2018年合作社发展的金融支持效率呈稳定上升态势，且东
部地区金融支持合作社发展情况优于其他区域。
再次，基于效率分析构建 Tobit模型，深入分析影响农民专业合作社金融支持效
率的因素。得出以下结论：从全国层面来看，当年贷款余额、各级财政专项扶持资金
总额的增加抑制了合作社金融支持效率的增长，但当地居民人均可支配收入、入社农
户占比、培训成员数、被农业主管部门认定为示范社的农民专业合作社数均对金融支
持效率具有正向促进作用；从区域层面来看，各因素对农民专业合作社金融支持效率
的影响程度存在区域差异，核心变量当年贷款余额对金融支持效率的影响未表现出全
国的一致性，中西部地区金融支持力度对合作社金融支持效率形成了较显著的负向效
应，而东部地区金融支持力度对合作社金融支持效率形成了不显著的正向效果。
最后，结合金融支持农民专业合作社发展的国内外启示和实证分析结果，从农村
金融机构合理提升金融服务能力、政府部门主动营造完善的金融支持环境、合作社自
主探索高效运营模式三大角度，提出了提升合作社金融支持效率的具体对策。
关键词：农民专业合作社；金融支持效率；影响因素；DEA-Tobit模型
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ABSTRACT
The year 2021 is an important turning point for China's economic development. As an
important carrier for the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary
industries, professional farmer cooperatives have a significant role in promoting economic
development in rural areas.The development of farmers' professional cooperatives needs
the support of relevant social departments, especially financial support.The thesis mainly
focuses on the efficiency of financial support for the development of professional farmer
cooperatives as the research theme.The research results obtained in the thesis try to enrich
the relevant theories of cooperative financial support, provide new ideas for the quantitative
research of financial support efficiency in the development of cooperatives, thereby
broaden the methods to solve the problem of cooperative funds shortage and promote the
healthy development of cooperatives.
First of all, the thesis sorts out the relevant theories of financial support for farmers'
professional cooperatives and the status quo of financial support, and the conclusions are as
follows:The number of cooperatives and the number of members continues to increase, the
geographical development is not balanced, the industrial distribution is relatively
concentrated, and the operating level is steadily improving;The supply structure of the rural
financial system is relatively unbalanced, and the support from the government and
financial institutions has been continuously strengthened;The financial needs of
cooperatives are characterized by high timeliness, differences in demand, and diversified
demand periods.
Secondly, the paper constructs the DEA-Malmquist index model.A static and dynamic
analysis of the financial support efficiency of farmers' professional cooperatives in 30
provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government)
in my country except Tibet during 2013-2018, the main conclusions obtained are as
follows:Looking at the country as a whole, the efficiency of financial support for farmers'
professional cooperatives did not reach the DEA effective during the observation period,
and more than half of the provinces were DEA ineffective.Mainly manifested as the
mismatch between financial input and economic output of cooperatives;From a dynamic
point of view, the efficiency of financial support for cooperative development in 2013-2018
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