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MBA硕士毕业论文_P公司无线网络优化项目的质量管理研究

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I 摘要 在信息技术和软件产业的发展浪潮中,传统的软件开发模式在应对日益复杂 的业务和快速变更的客户需求时显得捉襟见肘。基于此,EP 公司不得不开始切换 到敏捷开发模式,进而能够快速且持续地向客户交付具有定制需求且价值更高的 软件产品。因此当软件项目切换敏捷开发模式后,如何有效提高软件交付质量, 是本文研究的重点方向。 本文首先研究学习了项目质量管理概念和市场主流的软件质量管理基础理 论,接下来介绍了敏捷开发模式的特点,通过文献查找并结合具体项目实践,确 定了本文的研究框架和方向,重点研究敏捷开发模式下的项目质量管理的特点和 方法,提出具体的提高软件交付质量的质量活动。在此基础上,以 EP 公司为例分 析其如何应对市场变化的机遇与挑战,并以 EP 公司无线网络优化项目为研究对象, 阐述其项目概况以及质量管理过程中遇到的困难和问题,从每个质量管理活动提 出优化后的处理方案,以此来验证项目质量管理活动开展的可行性和有效性,最 后再对整个项目进行回顾总结,提炼项目可推广的价值与经验,期待在 EP 公司其 他类似项目中进行推广应用,在提升公司软件交付竞争力的同时争取更多项目机 会。 关键词:敏捷开发,质量管理,项目管理ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT In the development wave of the information technology and software industry, the traditional software development models have shown itself to be stretched in response to increasingly complex business and rapidly changing customer needs. Based on this, EP companies have to switch to agile development model, and then be able to quickly and continuously deliver customized software products with higher value to customers. When software projects switch to agile development mode, how to effectively improve the quality of software delivery is the focus of this article. This article first studies the concepts of project quality management and the basic theories of software quality management in the market. Next, it introduces the characteristics of the agile development model. Through literature search and specific project practice, the research framework and direction of this article are determined, the characteristics and methods of projects quality management under the agile development model are taken as the key research, and specific quality activities to improve the quality of software delivery are proposed. On this basis, I will take EP company as an example to analyze how it responds to the opportunities and challenges of market changes, take wireless network optimization project of EP company as the research object to explain its project overview and the difficulties and problems encountered in the quality management process, and optimize treatment plan to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the project quality management activities from each quality management activity proposes, and finally reviews the whole project, refining the value and experience of the project and look forward to the promotion and application on other similar projects of EP Company, so as to enhance the company's competitiveness in the software delivery process and help it to strive for more project opportunities. Keywords: agile development,quality management,project management目录 III 目 录 第一章 绪论.................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题背景............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究目的............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 研究思路及论文框架......................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 研究基本思路 .......................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 论文框架 .................................................................................................. 2 第二章 软件质量管理论述分析.................................................................................... 4 2.1 项目质量管理概述............................................................................................. 4 2.2 软件质量管理标准与方法................................................................................. 5 2.2.1 ISO9000 系列............................................................................................ 5 2.2.2 CMMI ........................................................................................................ 6 2.2.3 PDCA 循环................................................................................................ 7 2.3 敏捷开发项目..................................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 敏捷开发概念 .......................................................................................... 9 2.3.2 敏捷开发的主流方法 ............................................................................ 10 2.3.3 敏捷开发质量与管理 .............................................................................11 第三章 EP 公司项目概述............................................................................................. 12 3.1 EP 公司简介...................................................................................................... 12 3.1.1 EP 公司业务范围.................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 EP 公司的机遇与挑战............................................................................ 12 3.2 项目概述........................................................................................................... 12 3.2.1 项目背景 ................................................................................................ 12 3.2.1 项目团队 ................................................................................................ 13 3.3 项目质量管理问题........................................................................................... 14 3.3.1 质量问题分析 ........................................................................................ 14 3.3.2 质量问题落地措施 ................................................................................ 15 第四章 EP 公司无线网络优化项目质量策划............................................................. 17 4.1 质量管理组织结构........................................................................................... 17 4.2 质量管理过程................................................................................................... 18 4.3 设定质量目标................................................................................................... 21目录 IV 第五章 EP 公司无线网络优化项目质量控制............................................................. 24 5.1 需求质量控制................................................................................................... 24 5.1.1 需求采集 ................................................................................................ 24 5.1.2 需求分解 ................................................................................................ 25 5.1.3 需求迭代计划 ........................................................................................ 26 5.1.4 需求排序 ................................................................................................ 28 5.1.5 需求澄清 ................................................................................................ 29 5.1.6 需求反澄清 ............................................................................................ 29 5.2 设计质量控制................................................................................................... 30 5.2.1 设计文档评审 ........................................................................................ 30 5.2.2 详细设计与编码同行 ............................................................................ 31 5.2.3 测试前移 ................................................................................................ 31 5.3 编码质量控制................................................................................................... 32 5.3.1 编码规范 ................................................................................................ 32 5.3.2 结对编程 ................................................................................................ 33 5.3.3 代码静态检查 ........................................................................................ 34 5.3.4 代码检查流程 ........................................................................................ 34 5.3.5 代码自查 ................................................................................................ 36 5.3.6 单元测试 ................................................................................................ 36 5.3.7 持续重构 ................................................................................................ 37 5.4 测试质量控制................................................................................................... 38 5.4.1 持续集成 ................................................................................................ 38 5.4.2 持续交付 ................................................................................................ 40 5.4.3 自动化测试 ............................................................................................ 41 5.4.4 系统设计验证 ........................................................................................ 42 5.4.5 缺陷管理 ................................................................................................ 43 第六章 EP 公司无线网络优化项目质量改进............................................................. 45 6.1 建立项目知识库............................................................................................... 45 6.2 建立培养与激励机制....................................................................................... 46 6.3 建立沟通交流机制........................................................................................... 47 6.4 强化质量风险管理........................................................................................... 48 第七章 EP 公司无线网络优化项目总结..................................................................... 50 7.1 项目回顾总结................................................................................................... 50目录 V 7.1.1 质量品质分析 ........................................................................................ 50 7.1.2 回顾总结 ................................................................................................ 54 7.2 本文总结........................................................................................................... 55 致 谢............................................................................................................................ 57