I 摘要 如何在极具竞争的环境中迅速成长，取得优势位置，已经成为企业不得不面对的现 实问题。员工已经成为企业最重要的利益相关者之一，员工是否具有竞争力决定着企业 在行业内部是否具有竞争力，因此，员工决定着企业的生存。随着生活压力的增加，员 工对工作的乏力现象普遍存在，在企业管理中，如何提升员工的工作绩效、如何提升员 工主动行为成为了企业和学者共同的关注点。研究现有的研究表明，领导风格会影响员 工工作绩效，关于领导风格与工作绩效的关系，它们之间的内在影响机理是本研究的重 要关注点，本研究认为员工主动行为发挥了重要作用。 华人的领导风格受儒家思想的影响有别于西方领导理论，学者通过研究华人的领导 风格总结为家长式领导，因此本研究基于本土国情，研究家长式领导和工作绩效之间的 关系，以及员工主动行为在两者之间的中介作用。通过文献梳理，构建了三者之间的理 论模型，进而本研究采用问卷调查的方法，对255份有效问卷的数据结果运用SPSS软 件进行了数据分析及假设检验，研究发现：（1）家长式领导中的仁慈领导和德行领导 对员工主动行为有正向影响，威权领导对员工主动行为有负向影响。（2）家长式领导 中仁慈领导和德行领导对工作绩效都起正向作用，威权领导对工作绩效起负向作用。（3） 员工主动行为对工作绩效起到显著的正向作用。（4）员工主动行为在家长式领导对工 作绩效之间中起中介作用。 本研究拓展了家长式领导对员工工作绩效的影响的研究成果，对于完善相关理论起 到了一定的补充作用。通过深入研究家长式领导如何影响员工工作绩效，能够为企业在 改善员工工作绩效方面指明方向，能够为在华人企业领导者在为提升员工工作绩效所采 取的措施提供指导，进而提升企业的综合竞争力。 关键词：家长式领导，员工主动行为，工作绩效 Abstract II Abstract Howtogrowrapidlyandgaintheadvantagepositioninthecompetitiveenvironmenthas becomearealisticproblemthatenterpriseshavetoface.Employeeshavebecomeoneofthe mostimportantstakeholdersintheenterprise.Whetheremployeesarecompetitiveornot determineswhethertheenterpriseiscompetitivewithintheindustry.Therefore,employees determinethesurvivaloftheenterprise.Withtheincreaseoflifepressure,thephenomenonof employee'sfatiguetoworkiscommon.Inenterprisemanagement,howtoimprovethe employee'sworkperformanceandhowtopromotetheemployee'sactivebehaviorhas becomeenterprisesandscholars.Researchonexistingresearchshowsthatleadershipstyle canaffectemployeeperformance,regardingleadershipstyletherelationshipbetweenlattice andjobperformance,andtheinternalinfluencemechanismbetweenthemisanimportant focusofthisstudy,whichholdsthatemployeeactivebehaviorplaysanimportantrole. theleadershipstyleofChineseisdifferentfromwesternleadershiptheoryby Confucianism.scholarssummarizeitaspaternalisticleadershipbystudyingChinese leadershipstyle.therefore,thisstudystudiestherelationshipbetweenpaternalisticleadership andworkperformancebasedonlocalconditions,andthemediatingroleofemployee initiativebehaviorbetweenthetwo.Basedontheliterature,atheoreticalmodelbetweenthe threeisconstructed.Thenthisstudyusesthemethodofquestionnairesurveytoanalyzeand testthedataresultsof255validquestionnairesusingSPSSsoftware.Theresearchfound that:(1)benevolentleadershipandmoralleadershipinpaternalisticleadershiptoemployees activebehaviorhasapositiveimpact,authoritarianleadershiphasanegativeimpacton employeeinitiativebehavior.(2)Benevolentandvirtuousleadershipinpaternalisticleadership bothplayapositiveroleinjobperformanceandauthoritarianleadershipplaysanegativerole injobperformance.(3)Activeemployeebehaviorplaysasignificantpositiveroleinjob performance.(4)Employeeinitiativeactsasanintermediarybetweenpaternalisticleadership andjobperformance. Abstract III Thisresearchexpandstheresearchresultsoftheinfluenceofpaternalisticleadershipon employee'sworkperformance,andplaysasupplementaryroleinperfectingrelevanttheories. Throughin-depthstudyonhowpaternalisticleadershipaffectsemployees'workperformance， itcanpointoutthedirectionforenterprisestoimprovetheirworkperformance,andcan provideguidanceforChineseenterpriseleaderstotakemeasurestoimprovetheirwork performance,andthenenhancetheircomprehensivecompetitiveness. KeyWords：Paternalisticleadership,EmployeeInitiative,JobPerformance 目录 目录 摘要..........................................................................................................I Abstract........................................................................................................II 第一章绪论.................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景及问题提出........................................................................................1 1.2研究目的及意义................................................................................................2 1.2.1研究目的.................................................................................................2 1.2.2研究意义.................................................................................................3 1.3研究方法和创新之处........................................................................................4 1.3.1研究方法.................................................................................................4 1.3.2研究创新.................................................................................................5 1.4技术路线和本研究结构安排............................................................................6 1.4.1技术路线.................................................................................................6 1.4.2结构安排.................................................................................................6 第二章文献综述.........................................................................................8 2.1家长式领导........................................................................................................8 2.1.1家长式领导的概念.................................................................................8 2.1.2家长式领导的维度.................................................................................9 2.2员工主动行为..................................................................................................10 2.2.1员工主动行为的概念...........................................................................10 2.2.2员工主动行为的要素、形式、实现机制...........................................11 2.3工作绩效..........................................................................................................11 2.3.1工作绩效的概念...................................................................................11 2.3.2工作绩效的影响因素...........................................................................12 2.4家长式领导、员工主动行为与工作绩效......................................................13 第三章研究设计及方法...........................................................................15 目录 3.1研究假设..........................................................................................................15 3.1.1家长式领导对员工主动行为的影响...................................................15 3.1.2员工主动行为对工作绩效的影响.......................................................15 3.1.3家长式领导对员工工作绩效的影响...................................................16 3.1.4员工主动行为的中介效应...................................................................17 3.2理论模型构建..................................................................................................18 3.3各变量的测量量表..........................................................................................19 3.3.1家长式领导的测量...............................................................................19 3.3.2员工主动行为的测量...........................................................................20 3.3.2工作绩效的测量...................................................................................20 3.4主要研究方法..................................................................................................21 第四章实证研究.......................................................................................23 4.1研究样本.............................................................................................