随着中国经济的迅速发展，2018年以来我国能源对外依存度，天然气 为45%，石油已超70%。我国石油，页岩气可采储量均在全球前茅，但国 内油服公司的各方面发展不足，无法对我国的油井进行充分的开采。因此， 本文对全球三大油服公司之一的BG公司在中国的发展战略进行研究，为国 内油服制定企业战略时提供一些参考。 通过文献研究法，咨询访问法，掌握到BG（中国）公司是美资大型油 服公司BG在中国的分公司，向全球油气井提供开发以及加工工业的专业设 备和服务，是最早一批与中国石油公司展开合作的海外油服公司。对BG（中 国）公司外部环境进行了分析，发现绝大多数的民营油服企业业务较为单 一，具有成本低的优势。国有油服技术涉及范围广包，但仅具有普通应用 型油气田的开发技术，缺乏高端设备的自主生产的能力，核心设备仍需从 竞争对手手中引进。国有油服以公司性质优势，占国内油服百分之八十五 的市场份额。从BG（中国）公司内部条件进行分析，了解到公司有强大的 研发团队，专注于提高油气开采技术，近年来公司油服研发费用均在6亿 美元左右。BG（中国）公司在中国的油气开采业务涉及业务广，但由于在 中国无完善的设备生产厂，设备需从美国运到国内，导致BG（中国）公司 各项成本较高，与民企国企竞争技术普通油井时无优势。 本文通过SWOT对BG（中国）公司分析得出，公司应着重发展高技 III 术油气田开采，即页岩气及海上油田开采。提升中国设备厂的油服设备生 产能力，借助母公司的研发能力，提升油气井开采技术核心竞争力，把握 中国全面开放油气开采政策机遇，以此来占据更多中国的油田服务市场份 额。 关键词：BG（中国）公司；油服行业；发展战略 IV RESEARCHONTHEDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYOF BG(CHINA)COMPANY ABSTRACT WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomy,thedemandforenergyinallwalks oflifeisalsogrowing.Since2018,China'sdependenceonforeignnaturalgashasincreased to45%,anditsdependenceonoilhasexceeded70%.Accordingtorelevantdata,China's recoverablereservesofoilandshalegasareamongthetopintheworld,butthedevelopment ofdomesticoilservicecompaniesisinsufficienttofullyexploitoilwellsinChina.Therefore, thispaperstudiesthedevelopmentstrategyofBGcompany,oneofthethreelargestoil servicecompaniesintheworld,inordertoprovidesomereferencesfordomesticoilservice companiestoformulatetheircorporatestrategies. Throughliteratureresearchandconsultationvisit,itislearnedthatBG(China) companyisBG'sbranchinChina.It’sheadquartersisinHouston,BGprovidesproductsand servicesfortheglobaloildevelopmentandprocessingindustry.Itisalsothefirstbatchof overseasoilservicecompaniestocooperatewithCNPC.Byanalyzingtheexternal environmentofBG(China)company,itisfoundthatthemajorityofprivateoilservice enterpriseshavetheadvantagesofsinglebusinessandlowcost.Thestate-ownedoilservice technologycoversawiderange,butitonlyhasthedevelopmenttechnologyofcommon applicationoilandgasfields,andlackstheindependentproductioncapacityofhigh-end equipment.Thecoreequipmentstillneedstobeimportedfromcompetitors.Stateownedoil servicehas85%marketshareofdomesticoilservicebyvirtueofitsadvantagesofbeing subordinatetothreemajoroilcompanies.FromtheanalysisofinternalconditionsofBG (China)company,itislearnedthatthecompanyhasastrongR&Dteamandfocuseson improvingoilandgasproductiontechnology.Inrecentyears,theR&Dexpensesofoil V serviceareallaround600millionUSdollars.BG(China)company'soilandgasproduction businessinChinainvolvesawiderangeofbusinesses.However,duetothelackofcomplete equipmentproductionplantsinChina,theequipmentneedstobetransportedfromtheUnited StatestoChina,whichleadstohighcostsofBG(China)Companyandnoadvantagein competingwithprivatestate-ownedenterprisesforordinaryoilwells. BasedonSWOTanalysisofBG(China)company,thispaperconcludesthatBG (China)companyshouldfocusonthedevelopmentofhigh-techoilandgasfieldproduction, i.e.shalegasandoffshoreoilfieldproduction.Furtherimprovetheproductioncapacityof Chineseequipmentfactories,shortenthetransportationcycleandreducethetransportation cost.WiththeR&Dcapabilityoftheparentcompany,thecorecompetitivenessofthe advancedoilandgasexploitationtechnologywillbeimproved.Itisnecessarytograspthe opportunityofChina'soverallopeningupofoilandgasexploitationpolicy,soastooccupy moremarketshareofChina'soilfieldservices. KEYWORDS：BG(China)Company;Oilserviceindustry;Development strategy VI 目录 摘要........................................................................................................................................II ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................IV 第一章导论.............................................................................................................................1 1.1选题的背景与意义...............................................................................................................1 1.1.1选题背景............................................................................................................................1 1.1.2选题意义............................................................................................................................5 1.2国内外研究现状...................................................................................................................6 1.3研究的思路与方法...............................................................................................................8 1.4主要研究内容.......................................................................................................................9 第二章BG（中国）公司外部环境分析................................................................................12 2.1我国石油服务行业发展概述.............................................................................................12 2.1.1我国石油勘探情况..........................................................................................................13 2.2宏观环境分析.....................................................................................................................15 2.2.1政治环境..........................................................................................................................15 2.2.2经济环境..........................................................................................................................20 2.2.3社会环境..........................................................................................................................22 2.2.4技术环境..........................................................................................................................25 2.3产业环境分析.....................................................................................................................27 2.3.1供应商的讨价还价能力..................................................................................................27 2.3.2购买者的讨价还价能力..................................................................................................28 2.3.3潜在竞争者进入的能力..................................................................................................30 2.3.4替代品的替代能力..........................................................................................................30 2.3.5行业内竞争者现在的竞争能力......................................................................................30 第三章BG（中国）公司内部条件分析................................................................................32 3.1BG（中国）公司现状及其战略分析................................................................................32 3.2BG（中国）公司资源与能力分析....................................................................................33 VII 3.2.1人力资源..........................................................................................................................33 3.2.2财务资源..........................................................................................................................34 3.2.3品牌资源..........................................................................................................................34 3.2.4运营能力..........................................................................................................................35 3.2.5技术能力..........