随着中美贸易战的打响，国际竞争空前激烈，国家大力支持本土科技公司，从中低 端往高端转型，国产软件产业抓住契机进行加速转型升级，因此，也涌现出了一大批中 小软件企业。软件行业作为知识密集型行业，更多依赖软件研发人员的能力。研发人员 的工作效率和成果直接决定着企业的发展和竞争能力。因此，对研发人员的激励机制的 研究就显得尤为重要。 本文以M公司为研究对象，M公司是山东省一流的软件公司，长期以来致力于 为客户软硬件整体整合方案服务，协助企业走向智能化。然而随着企业的发展，M公 司的软件研发人员的工作满意度和工作积极性日益下降，导致人才流失严重，因此对 软件研发人员的激励机制优化迫在眉睫。 鉴于此，以M公司软件研发人员为研究对象，重点研究其激励机制现状，并通过 问卷调查和深度访谈，探寻M公司激励机制中存在的问题，主要从同事关系、福利薪 酬、晋升通道、工作本身、企业管理等几个方面进行满意度的调研和测评，通过调研 发现了M公司研发人员满意度较低的几个重要因素，主要包括工作环境、考核机制、 薪酬水平、晋升机制、培训体制等方面。最后从建立科学的薪酬制度、改进绩效考核 体系、构建以人为本的企业文化、加强培训以及构建研发人员个人职业生涯规划等方 面对其激励机制进行优化。 关键词：软件企业；研发人员；激励机制 II ABSTRACT WiththeoutbreakofthetradewarbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates,the internationalcompetitionisunprecedeninglyfierce.Thecountrystronglysupportslocal technologycompaniestotransformfromlow-endtohigh-end,andthedomesticsoftware industrygraspstheopportunitytoacceleratethetransformationandupgrading.Therefore,a largenumberofsmallandmedium-sizedsoftwareenterpriseshaveemerged.Asa knowledge-intensiveindustry,softwareindustryreliesmoreontheabilityofsoftware developers.TheworkefficiencyandachievementsofR&Dpersonneldirectlydetermine thedevelopmentandcompetitivenessofenterprises.Therefore,theresearchonthe incentivemechanismofresearchersisparticularlyimportant. ThispapertakesMcompanyastheresearchobject.Mcompanyisafirst-class softwarecompanyinshandongprovince.Foralongtime,ithasbeencommittedto providingcustomerswithintegratedsoftwareandhardwaresolutionstohelpenterprises becomeintelligent.However,withthedevelopmentoftheenterprise,thejobsatisfaction andenthusiasmofsoftwaredevelopersinMcompanyaredecreasing,whichleadstoserious braindrain.Therefore,itisurgenttooptimizetheincentivemechanismforsoftware developers. Inviewofthis,toMsoftwarer&dpersonnelastheresearchobject,focusesonthe presentsituationofincentivemechanism,andthroughthequestionnaireanddepthinterview, exploretheproblemsexistingintheincentivemechanismofMcompany,mainlyfromthe relationshipbetweencolleagues,welfarecompensation,promotionchannels,workitself satisfaction,enterprisemanagement,andotheraspectsofresearchandevaluation,through thesurveyfoundthattheMcompanyr&dstaffsatisfactionlowseveralimportantfactors, mainlyincludingworkingenvironment,evaluationmechanism,salary,promotion,training system,etc.Finally,theincentivemechanismisoptimizedfromtheaspectsofestablishing scientificsalarysystem,improvingperformanceappraisalsystem,buildinghuman-oriented corporateculture,strengtheningtrainingandbuildingpersonalcareerplanningofr&d personnel. KeyWords:Softwareenterprise;Researchanddevelopment;Personnelincentivemechanism III 目录 摘要.................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT...........................................................................................................................II 第一章绪论...........................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景和意义.............................................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景.............................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义..............................................................................................................1 1.2国内外研究现状.............................................................................................................2 1.2.1国外研究现状.....................................................................................................2 1.2.2国内研究现状.....................................................................................................3 1.3论文的研究内容与方法.................................................................................................4 1.3.1论文的主要内容结构.........................................................................................4 1.3.2研究方法.............................................................................................................5 1.4论文研究的技术路线.....................................................................................................5 1.5创新点.............................................................................................................................6 第二章相关概念及理论概述...............................................................................................7 2.1激励概述.........................................................................................................................7 2.1.1激励的定义与类别.............................................................................................7 2.1.2激励机制.............................................................................................................7 2.2激励理论.........................................................................................................................8 2.2.1内容型激励理论.................................................................................................8 2.2.2过程型激励理论...............................................................................................10 2.2.3综合型激励理论...............................................................................................10 2.3软件企业研发人员特征...............................................................................................11 2.3.1研发人员界定...................................................................................................11 2.3.2研发人员群体特征...........................................................................................12 第三章M公司研发人员激励现状及存在问题分析........................................................13 3.1M公司介绍..................................................................................................................13 3.2M公司人员结构情况..................................................................................................13 3.2.1M公司人才队伍建设情况..............................................................................13 3.2.2研发人员情况分析...........................................................................................14 IV 3.2.3研发人员流动情况............................................................................................16 3.3M公司研发人员激励机制现状..................................................................................18 3.3.1研发人员职业发展途径....................................................................................18 3.4存在的问题...................................................................................................................20 3.4.1绩效考核过于简单...........................................................................................20 3.4.2晋升渠道不科学................................................................................................20 3.4.3评价不全面........................................................................................................21 第四章M公司研发人员满意度研究................................................................................22 4.1满意度量表...................................................................................................................22 4.1.1测量维度和测量项............................................................................................22 4.1.2测量等级...........................................