I 摘要 船舶修造业作为具有舟山海岛特色的行业，在舟山的经济发展中发挥着重要作用， 占全市规模以上工业生产总值的36%。由于船舶修造行业属于危险作业的行业，作业环 境差，机械化水平不高，劳动强度大，安全事故多发，因此在日常作业活动中面临着诸 多风险。本文通过研究当前舟山市船舶修造行业的安全风险管理情况，探寻提升安全风 险管理水平的改进措施，达到有效控制安全风险，避免或杜绝安全事故发生的目的，从 而保障企业员工生命安全，提高企业的经济效益，也能为船舶修造行业提供借鉴和帮助， 促进经济社会和谐稳定发展。 本文基于PDCA理论，以舟山市船舶修造业的安全风险管理为对象，针对当前存在 的安全风险管理问题进行研究。第一，通过文献梳理，确定了安全风险管理的核心概念， 明确了本文的研究内容和方法；第二，通过实地调研，结合PDCA理论设计调查问卷并 发放，以此了解当前舟山船舶修造业安全风险管理的现状，同时根据调查数据，找出安 全风险管理工作中存在的问题并分析原因；第三，基于PDCA理论，从安全风险管理计 划、实施、监测、改进四个环节，提出加强安全风险研判、实行安全风险分级分类控制、 完善管理效果考评以及强化结果运用等安全风险管理的改进措施。 本文通过调查舟山船舶修造业安全风险管理的现状，基于PDCA理论，梳理了存在 的问题，分析了问题根源，提出了适用于当前船舶修造业安全风险管理的改进措施，从 而促进安全风险管理水平持续提升，达到安全风险管理的目的，以期为舟山船舶修造行 业的安全风险管理提供具有理论和实践意义的参考。 关键词：安全风险管理；PDCA；船舶修造；改进措施 Abstract II Abstract As an industry with characteristics of Zhoushan, ship building and repairing plays an important role in Zhoushan’s economic development, accounting for 36% of the global gross industrial output value in Zhoushan. Due to the poor working environment, low level of mechanization, high labor intensity and frequent safety accidents, ship building and repairing is still a dangerous job and faces many risks in daily operation. This paper aims to look forward to improving the ability to security risk management by studying hazards in current ship building and repairing industry, so that to effectively control security risk and avoid safety accidents in workplace. It is also aimed to provide guidance for ship building and repairing industry to create a healthy and safety work environment and protect employees from unnecessary injuries and illnesses, which also increase industry’s production capacity and promote sustainable economic development. This paper studies existing security risk problems in Zhoushan ship building and repairing industry along with PDCA theory. Firstly, we defined research problem and methodology after literature study as well as learned the core concept of security risk management. Secondly, from on-the-spot investigation and the issuance of questionnaires, we learned and understood current situation of security risk management in Zhoushan ship building and repairing industry. Based on data, we identified the problem in security risk management and analyzed in this paper. Thirdly, based on PDCA theory, we proposed to develop and implement effective measures from four aspects including planning, implementation, monitoring and improvement. And we also proposed to improve measures by enhancing security risk assessment, implementing security risk classification control and improving performance evaluation and application. With combination of PDCA theory and investigation on current situation of security risk management in Zhoushan ship building and repairing industry, this paper identifies existing problems, analyzes root causes of problems, and develops an implementation framework which suits for current security risk management in ship repairing industry. It will help to improve the security risk management in ship building and repairing industry and provide theoretical and practical references in security risk management for Zhoushan ship building and repairing industry. Key Words: security risk management; PDCA; ship building and repairing; improvement measures 目录 III 目录 第1章 绪论 ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ...................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 安全风险管理的研究 .................................................................................. 2 1.2.2 船舶修造行业安全风险管理的研究 .......................................................... 4 1.2.3 PDCA在安全风险管理中的应用 ................................................................. 5 1.2.4 研究评述 ...................................................................................................... 6 1.3 研究内容和方法 ...................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 研究内容 ...................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 研究方法 ...................................................................................................... 7 第2章 相关概念及理论基础 ................................................................................................ 9 2.1 安全风险管理概述 .................................................................................................. 9 2.1.1 安全风险 ...................................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 安全风险管理 .............................................................................................. 9 2.2 PDCA循环 ............................................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 PDCA循环的优点 ....................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 PDCA循环的实施步骤 ............................................................................... 12 2.2.3 PDCA循环与安全风险管理相契合 ........................................................... 13 第3章 舟山船舶修造行业安全风险管理现状 .................................................................. 15 3.1 舟山船舶修造行业概况 ........................................................................................ 15 3.2 安全风险管理概况 ................................................................................................ 15 3.2.1 船舶工艺的主要安全风险 ........................................................................ 16 3.2.2 安全事故类型 ............................................................................................ 16 3.3 安全风险管理现状调查 ........................................................................................ 17 3.3.1 问卷设计与发放 ........................................................................................ 17 3.3.2 调查样本统计 ............................................................................................ 18 3.3.3 调查结果分析 ............................................................................................ 18 第4章 舟山船舶修造行业安全风险管理问题及成因 ...................................................... 22 4.1 安全风险管理存在问题 ........................................................................................ 22 4.1.1 安全风险研判不到位 ................................................................................ 22 4.1.2 安全风险控制实施不力 ............................................................................ 22 4.1.3 安全风险检验不充分 ................................................................................ 22 目录 IV 4.1.4 考评结果运用不足 .................................................................................... 23 4.2 原因剖析 ................................................................................................................ 23 4.2.1 安全风险管理工作导向有偏差 ................................................................ 23 4.2.2 安全风险研判困难客观存在 ........................................................