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MBA毕业论文_构投资者网络与资本市场定价效率研究PDF

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文本描述
资本市场是构建现代经济体系的重要支柱,多层次资本市场可以 有效为各类企业提供投融资平台,推动实体经济发展。然而,中国资 本市场正处于新兴加转轨时期,制度尚未健全,还存在一些灰色地带, 导致内幕交易、虚假陈述等行为时有发生。此外,中国资本市场投资 者结构比例失衡,以个人投资者为主,尚具有 “ 政策市 ” 的特征,市 场噪音较多,导致资本市场投机现象与羊群行为日趋严重,股价崩盘 与追涨杀跌等极端现象也时有发生。上述现状存在致使体现资本市场 运行效率差别的重要体征——股价同步性始终居高不下并位居世界 前列。机构投资者具有价值投资理念和较强的专业分析能力,被视为 资本市场健康发展的重要助推器,因此,国家大力发展机构投资者以 期推动资本市场的良性健康发展。社会网络是近年来经济学领域和管 理学领域的研究热点,它可以有效揭示投资者行为的传染性和私有信 息的扩散机制,对资本市场有着举足轻重的影响。因此,本文将基于 社会网络视角探宄机构投资者对资本市场定价效率的影响。 本文基于中国情境,以2008?2017年我国A股上市公司和机构 投资者重仓持股数据为样本,以重仓股票为节点构建机构投资者网络 模型,研宂了机构投资者网络对股价同步性的影响。研宂结果表明, 机构投资者网络密度越大,股价同步性越高;同时,企业所在地区市 场化程度较低,具有政治关联,公司内部治理机制不完善,机构投资 者网络对股价同步性的促进作用越强。进一步研宄结果表明,位于网 络核心位置的机构投资者会提高股价同步性;机构投资者网络通过引 发机构投资者羊群行为和降低企业信息透明度从而提升股价同步性; 区分市场状态分析发现,在熊市期间,机构投资者网络对股价同步性 具有显著的促进作用,而在牛市阶段则不显著。本文基于社会网络视 角解释了我国资本市场高股价同步性的形成机理,支持了信息效率观, 对如何引导机构投资者发挥稳定资本市场的作用具有重要借鉴意义。 关键词:机构投资者网络资本市场定价效率股价同步性羊群行为 信息透明度 RESEARCHONINSTITUTIONAL INVESTORNETWORKAND CAPITALMARKETPRICINGEFFICIENCY ABSTRACT Thecapitalmarketisanimportantpillarofthemodemeconomic system.Amulti-levelcapitalmarketcanprovideaneffectiveinvestment andfinancingplatformforallkindsofenterprisesandpromotethe developmentoftherealeconomy.However,theChinesecapitalmarketis attheemergingandtransitionalstage.Thesystemisnotyetcomplete,and therearestillsomegrayareaswhereinsidertradingandfalsestatements occurfromtimetotime.Inaddition,theproportionofinvestorsinChina's capitalmarketisunbalanced,mainlydominatedbyindividualinvestors. China’scapitalmarkethasthecharacteristicsof"policymarket"withmuch marketnoise,leadingtogrowingcapitalmarketspeculationandherd behavior.Extremephenomenasuchasstockpricecrashandchasingafter theriseandfallalsohappenoccasionally.Asaresult,thestockprice synchronization,animportantfeaturethatembodiesthedifferenceinthe operationefficiencyofthecapitalmarket,remainshighandranksamong thehighestintheworld.Institutionalinvestors,withtheirvalueinvestment philosophyandstrongprofessionalanalysisability,areregardedasan majordriverforthesounddevelopmentofthecapitalmarket.Therefore, thestateisvigorouslydevelopinginstitutionalinvestors.Asoneofthe researchfocusesineconomicsandmanagementinrecentyears,social networkcanrevealtheinfectivityofinvestors'behaviorandthediffusion mechanismofprivateinformation,whichexertsavitalimpactonthe capitalmarket.Therefore,thispaperexplorestheinfluenceofinstitutional investorsonthepricingefficiencyofcapitalmarketfromtheperspective ofsocialnetwork. Forcountriesinemergingcapitalmarkets,thephenomenonofstock price "swellin gandfallingtogether "hasalwa ysbeenthefocusofattention inthecapitalmarket,theinstitutionalinvestornetworkprovidinganew researchperspective.Basedontheinterdisciplinaryperspective,thispaper takesChina'sA-Sharenon-fmanciallistedcompaniesfrom2〇〇8to2017 assamplesandconstructstheinstitutionalinvestornetworkmodelthrough theheavyshareholdingdataofinstitutionalinvestors.Andwestudythe impactofinstitutionalinvestornetworkontheefficiencyofcapitalmarket byusingthesocialnetworkanalysismethod.Theresultsshowthat institutionalinvestornetworkcanimprovethesynchronicityofstockprice andreducethepricingefficiencyofcapitalmarket.Therefore,institutional investorsdonotplayapositiveroleinstabilizingthemarket,andeven drivenbysocialnetworks,thenegativeeffectonthemarketisgreater. Secondly,theinstitutionalinvestornetworkwillenhancethesynchronicity ofstockpricesinenterpriseswithbackwardeconomicdevelopment, politicalbackgroundandlowlevelofinternalgovernance.Thirdly,higher networkcentralityofinstitutionalinvestorswillimprovethesynchronicity ofstockprices,whichwillhaveagreaternegativeimpactonthecapital market.Fourthly,theinstitutionalinvestornetworkcanincreasethemarket volatilityandimprovethesynchronicityofstockpricesbytriggeringthe herdbehaviorofinstitutionalinvestors.Meanwhile,institutionalinvestors colludewiththemanagementthroughsocialnetworkstoreducethe transparencyofcorporateinformation,resultingininsufficientinformation contentofstockprices.Finally,theinstitutionalinvestornetwork significantlyimprovesstockpricesynchronicityinabearstockmarket. However,whenstockpricesrise,institutio