近年来，随着中国人口红利的消失，劳动力数量逐年减少，劳动力的价格则 不断上涨。对于国内大多数的制造型企业，依然采用劳动密集型的生产模式，劳 动力的需求量大，导致企业用工成本逐年增加，产品的生产成本越来越高，企业 现在面临巨大的成本压力。 广州立白企业集团有限公司（以下简称立白集团）是日化快消品的传统制造 型企业。近三年来立白集团的销售额虽然每年持续增长，但盈利能力却逐年递减。 行业的标杆企业宝洁和联合利华公司已经通过推行精益管理模式，完成了数字化 转型，其盈利能力是立白的两倍之多，立白集团面临巨大的成本压力，迫切需要 生产模式的转型升级。 目前新乡工厂是立白集团产能最大的工厂之一，属于传统的劳动密集型工厂， 特别在包装车间工人最多。由于包装车间内生产设备的自动化水平不高，传统的 管理层级过多，生产各环节的浪费多，导致员工的工作效率不高，设备的利用率 较低、物料重复搬运、操作标准不统一和现场管理不透明等生产管理的问题。本 文着重针对立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理中存在的各种浪费问题，运用精益生 产和质量管理的理论知识与工具展开分析，探寻导致浪费问题的原因。 最后基于上述分析结果，提出基于精益生产的改进方案，以期达到减少新乡 工厂包装车间管理各环节浪费的效果，实现提高生产效率，降低生产成本，提高 企业的综合竞争力，为实现立白集团数字化转型的战略要求提供借鉴与参考。 关键词：精益生产，业务流程，生产效率，车间管理 MBA学位论文 作者：张彦青 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理改进方案研究 I THE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM OF PACKAGE WORKSHOP MANAGEMENT IN XINXIANG FACTORY OF LIBY GROUP Co. LTD Abstract Recent years, with the disappearance of China's demographic dividend, the workforce supply is decreasing, and the labor cost is rising. For most of manufacturing enterprises in China, which are at the labor-intensive production mode, have big demand of workers. As a result of this, the labor cost of enterprises is rising and the production cost of products is growing higher. The enterprises are facing huge cost pressure. Guangzhou Liby Enterprise Group Co.Ltd (Hereinafter referred to as Liby) is a traditional manufacturing enterprise of daily fast-moving consumer goods. In the past 3 years, the sales revenue of Liby still keeps growing, but its profitability has been decreasing year by year. However, P&G and Unilever who are the major competitors of Liby, already successfully completed the digital transformation by implemented Lean production management. After this transformation, their profitability are more than twice as much as the profitability of Liby. Obviously, Liby is facing huge cost pressure and the Lean transformation of Liby is imminent and imperative. At present, Xinxiang factory is one of the largest traditional labor intensive manufacturing factory of Liby, especially the packaging workshop. As the automatic level of packaging workshop in Xinxiang factory is not so high, and there are too many management levels, lots of wastes in the production process; all of these caused some production management problems, such as low working efficiency, low equipment utilization, repeat material handling, inconsistent operation standards, opaque on-site management and so on. This paper is mainly focusing on solving the various wastes problems in Xinxiang factory basing on the 1st hand investigation data, implementing Lean production, quality management theories and tools to dig out the root cause of why the wastes occurs. Finally, based on the above analysis result, this paper proposes a Lean production improvement program to decrease the wastes in each production management process, MBA学位论文 作者：张彦青 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理改进方案研究 II to improve the production efficiency, reduce the production cost and improve the comprehensive competency of the enterprise. Meanwhile, this study could give a reference to the digital transformation strategy requirement of Liby and other companies. Keywords: Lean production，Business process，Production efficiency，Workshop Management MBA学位论文 作者：张彦青 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理改进方案研究 III 目 录 中文摘要 .................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT ................................................................................................ I 第一章 绪论 ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景和意义 ............................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究意义 .................................................................................................. 2 1.2 研究思路和方法 ............................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 研究思路 .................................................................................................. 2 1.2.2 研究工具 .................................................................................................. 3 1.2.3 研究方法 .................................................................................................. 4 1.3 主要研究内容 ................................................................................................. 5 第二章 相关理论基础 .............................................................................. 7 2.1 科学管理理论 ................................................................................................. 7 2.2 精益生产理论 ................................................................................................. 8 2.3 文献综述 ......................................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 国外研究现状 .......................................................................................... 9 2.3.2 国内研究现状 .......................................................................................... 9 2.3.3 文献述评 ................................................................................................ 10 第三章 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理现状分析 ............................ 12 3.1 立白集团及新乡工厂简介 ........................................................................... 12 3.1.1 立白集团简介 ........................................................................................ 12 3.1.2 立白集团新乡工厂简介 ........................................................................ 13 3.1.3 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间介绍 ........................................................ 14 3.2 包装车间管理现状 ....................................................................................... 16 3.2.1 组织架构 ................................................................................................ 16 3.2.2 产线布局 ................................................................................................ 16 3.2.3 运营指标 ................................................................................................ 17 3.3 包装车间管理中存在的问题及其成因 ....................................................... 18 3.3.1人均效能偏低 ......................................................................................... 18 MBA学位论文 作者：张彦青 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理改进方案研究 IV 3.3.2 设备利用率逐年降低 ............................................................................ 23 3.3.3 包材缺料导致频繁停机 ........................................................................ 25 3.3.4 成因分析总结 ........................................................................................ 29 第四章 立白集团新乡工厂包装车间管理改进方案设计 .................... 30 4.1 改进方案设计的目标和原则 ....................................................................... 30 4.1.1目标 ......................................................................................................... 30 4.1.2原则 ......................................................................................................... 31 4.2 改进方案设计的思路 .............................................................................