当今世界经济发展迅猛，同种产品的竞争对手越来越多，企业和企业之间的竞争已经扩展 到供应链之间的竞争。采购作为供应链中起着承上启下的最重要的一个环节，采购管理方案的 优化对于增强企业的竞争力，使企业能够应对复杂多变的经营环境起着至关重要的作用。对于 企业来说，如何在供应链环境下实施有效的采购管理方式、提高采购绩效、降低企业库存压力 是企业在采购管理上获得持续优势的关键，同时也是企业获得产业竞争优势的重要因素。 本文通过对供应链管理理论与采购管理理论的分析和总结，首先，以PK公司为研究对象， 深入研究PK公司采购管理现状，剖析出PK公司存在着采购组织机构不合理、采购业务流程不 完善和供应商管理不健全等主要问题及原因。其次，针对公司存在的问题提出了基于供应链环 境下的PK公司采购管理优化方案，对PK公司的采购组织机构、采购业务流程、供应商管理进 行了具有可操作性的优化研究，并分析了优化效果。最后，为有效推行设计的采购管理优化方 案，从公司领导层的支持、采购员培训体系、采购员KPI考核体系和供应商沟通平台等四个方 面研究了采购管理优化方案实施的保障策略。本文的研究有效地解决了PK公司在采购管理中存 在的一些问题，获得了一定的实施效果，同时提升了企业内部采购效率、改善了企业外部合作 关系和降低了企业采购成本，对于改善公PK公司采购管理水平具有重要指导意义。 关键词：PK公司，供应链管理，采购管理优化 供应链环境下的PK公司采购管理优化研究 II ABSTRACT Nowadays, with the rapid development of the world economy and fierce competitions, as more and more competitors producing the same product, the competition between enterprises has extended to the competition between supply chains. Purchase act as the most important link in the supply chain, and the optimization of purchasing management sheme plays an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises and enabling enterprises to cope with the complex and changeable business environment. For enterprises, how to implement effective purchasing management in the supply chain environment, how to improve purchasing performance and how to reduce inventory pressure is the key to obtain sustainable advantages in purchasing management, and it is also an important factor for enterprises to obtain industrial competitive advantage. Through the analysis and summary of supply chain management theory and purchasing management theory, firstly, this paper studies the current situation of purchasing management in PK company deeply after taking PK company as the research object, and analyzes the main problems and reasons of unreasonable purchasing organization, imperfect purchasing business process and imperfect supplier management in PK company. Secondly, in view of the problems existing in PK company, this paper puts forward the optimization scheme of PK company purchasing management based on the supply chain environment, studies the operability optimization of PK company purchasing organization, purchasing business process and supplier management, and analyzes the optimization effect. Finally, in order to carry out the design of purchasing management optimization program effcetively, this paper studies the implementation of purchasing management optimization program from four aspects: the support from the leadership of PK company, purchasing training system, purchasing KPI assessment system and supplier communication platform. The research of this paper solves some problems existing in the procurement management of PK company efficaciously, and it obtains certain implementation impact. At the same time, it improves the internal purchasing efficiency, improves the external cooperation relationship and reduces the purchasing cost, and it has the great guiding significance for improving the purchasing management level of PK company. Keywords: PK company, supply chain management, purchasing management optimization 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 III 目录 第一章 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究的背景和意义 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1研究背景 ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2研究意义 ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1国外研究现状.......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2国内研究现状.......................................................................................................................... 3 1.2.3文献评述 ................................................................................................................................. 4 1.3 研究内容 ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 研究方法和技术路线 .................................................................................................................. 5 1.4.1研究方法 ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.4.2技术路线 ................................................................................................................................. 6 第二章 供应链环境下的采购理论概述 ................................................................................................. 8 2.1 供应链和供应链管理的相关理论 ................................................................................................ 8 2.1.1供应链的概念.......................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.2供应链管理的概念 .................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.3供应链管理的优势 .................................................................................................................. 9 2.2采购和采购管理的相关理论 ....................................................................................................... 10 2.2.1采购的定义............................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.2采购的分类............................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.3采购管理的定义 .................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.4采购管理的目标 .................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.5采购管理的原则 .................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.6采购管理的作用 .................................................................................................................... 12 2.3采购管理理论演变的发展阶段 ................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1传统采购管理........................................................................................................................ 12 2.3.2供应链环境下的采购管理 .................................................................................................... 13 2.3.3 战略采购管理....................................................................................................................... 14 2.4 供应链环境下采购管理常用的理论方法 .................................................................................. 15 2.4.1 ASME优化方法 .................................................................................................................... 15 2.4.2 ESIA法 ....................................................