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基于流程优化的服装柔性供应链管理方案及绩效评价-以小微品牌Q企业为例

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I 基于流程优化的服装柔性供应链管理方案及绩效评价 —以小微品牌 Q 企业为例 专业,服装设计与工程 ,李芸 指导教师,胡洛燕教授 摘要 随着我国传统制造业的转型升级,我国产品特点逐渐从“中国制造”向“中国创 造”发生转变,“大众创业,万众创新”等国家政策的出台促使小微品牌服装企业层 出不穷。小微品牌服装企业对“多款少量,快速返单”的生产供货要求更高,但企业 的供应链管理水平相对落后。 本文首先对小微品牌服装企业的基本特征和运营特征进行了研究,其基本特征为 企业架构小而全,员工多为一人多职或一职多能,企业内部管理松散,核心人才不稳 定。运营特征主要是销售形式多元化,生产模式为外包式生产,小微企业对市场变化 的适应性强但供应链管理水平较低。本文以供应链管理为切入点通过对多家小微品牌 服装企业进行调研,总结出小微企业供应链管理低下的制约因素,非增值活动占比大, 供应商选择局限大,行业信息共享困难以及高缺货率现象严重。基于笔者对小微服装 企业的运作经验,梳理了小微企业运作流程过程中的问题,针对性地提出并行化和规 范化的流程优化原则,并从产品开发、面辅料采购、生产对接三个服装开发过程中的 重点流程提出模式化作业流程方法。 针对流程优化过程中的供应链管理需求,分别从面辅料供应商管理、外包加工厂 管理、创建信息共享平台三个角度提出相应的小微品牌服装企业供应链管理方案。面 辅料供应商管理角度在建立供应商评价体系的基础上分析小微品牌服装企业对供应 商各项指标的关注程度,进而指导企业进行供应商选择和采购活动的进行。外包加工 厂生产管理角度建立了加工厂选择评价模型,基于评价指标权重提出加工厂资源整合、 建立共享工厂等管理手段。建立企业微信群和 ERP 管理系统是小微企业内部实现信 息共享的低成本有效渠道,使员工之间沟通更为便捷,有利于部门之间的沟通协作。 通过对 Q 企业实施改善,收集改善过程中的 Q 企业关于流程、供应商、客户、 信息技术相关指标数据,运用 SCOR 模型法对供应链管理绩效指标进行绩效衡量,根中原工学院硕士学位报告 摘要 II 据各项指标的计算数据对 Q 企业的供应链管理现状进行评价,从而验证流程优化和供 应链管理方案的科学性和可实施性。 关键词,小微企业;流程优化;供应链管理;绩效评价中原工学院硕士学位报告 Abstract III FLEXIBLE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF APPAREL BASED ON PROCESS OPTIMIZATION —TAKING SMALL AND MICRO BRAND Q ENTERPRISES AS AN EXAMPLE Major,Fashion Design and Engineering Student Name,Li Yun Supervisor,Professor Hu Luoyan Abstract With the transformation and upgrading of China's traditional manufacturing industry, China's products have gradually changed from made in China to China creation, and the introduction of national policies, such as mass entrepreneurship and innovation, has prompted small and micro brand clothing enterprises to emerge in endlessly. Small and micro brand clothing enterprises have higher requirements for production and supply of small quantity and quick return, but the supply chain management level of enterprises is relatively backward. In this paper, the basic characteristics and operation characteristics of small and micro brand clothing enterprises are studied. The basic characteristics of the enterprises are small and full enterprise structure, employees are more one person or more one person or one job, the internal management of the enterprise is loose,and the core talent is unstable. The main characteristics of the operation are the diversification of the sales form, the production mode for outsourcing, strong adaptability to the market change, but the management level of the supply chain is low. Taking supply chain management as the breakthrough point, this paper makes a survey of a number of small and micro brand clothing enterprises, and summarizes the constraints of the low supply chain management of small and micro enterprises: the proportion of non value-added activities is large, the choice of suppliers is limited, the industry information sharing is difficult and the high rate of shortage is serious. Based on the author's experience in the operation of small and micro clothing enterprises,中原工学院硕士学位报告 Abstract IV this paper combs the problems in the process of the operation of small and micro enterprises, puts forward the principle of the process optimization of parallelization and standardization, and puts forward the pattern operation process method from the key processes of the three garment development processes, which are product development, surface excipient purchasing and production docking. According to the supply chain management requirements in the process optimization process, the supply chain management scheme of small brand clothing enterprises is proposed from three angles, namely, the management of surface auxiliary materials supplier, the management of outsourcing processing plant, and the creation of information sharing platform. On the basis of establishing supplier evaluation system, this paper analyzes the attention degree of small and micro brand clothing enterprises to suppliers, and then directs the supplier selection and procurement. The selection evaluation model of processing plant is set up in the production management angle of outsourcing processing plant. Based on the weight of evaluation index, the management means such as the integration of processing plant resources and the establishment of the shared factory are put forward. The establishment of enterprise WeChat group is a low cost effective channel to realize information sharing in small and micro enterprises, which makes the communication between employees more convenient and is beneficial to the cooperation between departments. Through the improvement of the Q enterprise, the data of Q enterprises in the process of improvement are collected, the performance index of supply chain management of SCOR model is selected for performance measurement, and the supply chain management status of the Q enterprise is evaluated according to the calculation value of each index, thus the scientificity and feasibility of the process optimization and the supply chain management scheme are verified. . Keywords: small and micro businesses, process optimization, supply chain management,performance appraisal中原工学院硕士学位报告 目录 1I 目录 1.绪论 .....................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 课题研究背景及意义........................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 研究现状............................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 服装柔性供应链管理.................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 流程优化研究 ............................................................................................................... 5 1.2.3 供应商选择研究............................................................................................................ 6 1.3 课题研究内容及方法........................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 主要研究内容 ............................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 技术路线 ....................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 本章小结............................................................................................................................... 9 2.小微品牌服装企业供应链管理现状研究 .......................................................................................10 2.1 企业基本特征分析............................................................................................................. 10 2.1.1 小而全,小而美.......................................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 一人多职,一职多能.................................................................................................. 10 2.1.3 内部管理松散 ............................................................................................................. 11 2.1.4 人才不稳定 ................................................................................................................. 11 2.2 企业经营特征分析............................................................................................................. 12 2.1.1 销售形式多元化.......................................................................................................... 12 2.1.2 生产半外包式 ............................................................................................................. 13 2.1.3 市场适应性强 ............................................................................................................. 14 2.1.4 供应链管理水平低...................................................................................................... 14 2.3 供应链管理状态调研......................................................................................................... 15 2.3.1 调研准备 ..................................................................................................................... 15 2.3.2 调研过程 ..................................................................................................................... 15 2.3.3 调研结果分析 ............................................................................................................. 16 2.4 本章小结............................................................................................................................. 20 3.小微品牌服装企业运作流程优化 ...................................................................................................21 3.1.企业传统运作流程特点..................................................................................................... 21中原工学院硕士学位报告 目录 II 3.2 企业运作流程优化原则..................................................................................................... 22 3.2.1 并行化原则 ................................................................................................................. 22 3.2.2 规范化原则 ................................................................................................................. 23 3.3 企业运作流程优化方案..................................................................................................... 23 3.3.1 关键运作流程并行...................................................................................................... 23 3.3.2 制定标准化指导技术文件.......................................................................................... 25 3.3.3 模式化作业流程.......................................................................................................... 26 3.4.本章小结............................................................................................................................. 30 4.供应链管理方案 ...............................................................................................................................31 4.1 面辅料供应商管理............................................................................................................. 31 4.1.1 供应商评价体系建立................................................................................................. 31 4.1.2 面料供应商评价体系分析......................................................................................... 33 4.1.3 供应商选择与采购...................................................................................................... 34 4.2 外包加工厂管理................................................................................................................ 36 4.2.1 加工厂评价体系建立.................................................................................................. 37 4.2.2 加工厂评价体系分析................................................................................................. 38 4.2.3 加工厂选择与管理方案.............................................................................................. 39 4.3 创建信息共享平台............................................................................................................. 41 4.3.1 企业微信群 ................................................................................................................. 41 4.3.2 ERP 管理系统 .............................................................................................................. 42 4.4 本章小结............................................................................................................................. 43 5. Q 企业柔性供应链绩效评价 ..........................................................................................................44 5.1 绩效评价模型..................................................................................................................... 44 5.2 供应链绩效评价指标确定................................................................................................. 45 5.2.1 评价指标确定方法...................................................................................................... 45 5.2.2 评价指标描述 ............................................................................................................. 45 5.3 供应链绩效评价分析......................................................................................................... 46 5.3.1 绩效指标值计算.......................................................................................................... 46 5.3.2 绩效指标值分析.......................................................................................................... 47 5.4 本章小结............................................................................................................................. 50 6.结论与不足 .......................................................................................................................................51 6.1 结论 .................................................................................................................................... 51 6.2 不足 .................................................................................................................................... 52中原工学院硕士学位报告 目录 III