煤炭资源是我国能源的重要组成部分。近年来，随着煤炭资源需求量的不断增加， 煤炭资源的开采强度不断加大，浅部的煤炭资源（上组煤）日趋减少。为延长矿井开 采年限，对下组煤的开采提到日程上来。在华北型煤田地区，奥灰是影响下组煤开采 的主要含水层，随着开采深度的增加，煤层底板所受奥灰的水压也越来越大，奥灰水 对下组煤开采的威胁也越来越大，因此对下组煤开采进行水文地质可行性研究具有重 要意义。小屯矿位于峰峰矿区，分为原井田和扩大区两部分，目前正在开采原井田上 组煤（大煤、野青煤和山青煤），年产量 80 万吨，截至 2010 年底实际可采储量仅剩 2523 万吨。随着多年开采，原井田上组煤资源已经枯竭，下组煤（小青煤、大青煤和 下架煤）受奥灰水的威胁尚未开采，同时扩大区开采条件还未就绪。为维持矿井生产 现状，下组煤开采迫在眉睫。结合小屯矿水文地质条件，本文主要展开以下工作，（1） 根据 1996 年小屯矿奥灰含水层放水试验，分析小屯矿奥灰水的补径排条件，为安全 开采下组煤提供水文地质依据。（2）根据小屯矿钻孔资料，采用突水系数法对浅部下 组煤（-190 水平小青煤、大青煤和下架煤）底板突水进行预测，预测结果为，在原井 田范围内，小青煤底板突水系数在井田西南部小于经验值 0.06Mpa/m，东北部大于经 验值；大青煤和下架煤在原井田范围内突水系数均大于经验值。如果不采取防治措施， 冒然开采下组煤，将有突水的危险。（3）提出开采浅部下组煤的防治水措施，对奥灰 强含水层采取疏水降压措施，并对其进行经济效益分析。 关键词，峰峰煤田；下组煤；突水系数；疏水降压Ⅱ Abstract Coal resource is an important part of China’s energy. In recent years, with the increasing demand for coal resources and the ceaselessly increasing exploitation strength of coal resource, shallow coal resources ( Group coal ) decrease with each passing day. To extend the mine life, mining the next group coal is on the agenda. In North China coal field area, the main aquifer that affect the mining of the next group coal is Ordovician limestone.With the increasing of mining depth, the Ordovician limestone water pressure of seam floor is also growing and the threat of Ordovician limestone water to the mining of the next group coal grows. So the hydrogeology feasibility study of the mining of the next group coal has important significance. Xiaotun Colliery is located in Fengfeng coalfield and is divided into two parts ——the former area and the expand area. Currently the mining coal is group coal ( Da Coal, Yeqing Coal and Shanqing Coal) and the annual output is 0.8 million tons.By the end of 2010, the actural recoverable reserves of coal is only 25.23 billion tons. The group coal of the former area is exhausted and the mining conditions of the expand area are not ready. The next group coal ( coal, coal in Xiaoqing and lower frame coal ) of the former area has not been mined for the threat from the confined water in Ordovician limestone. For the maintenance of mine production status, mining the next group coal is in imminent. Combination of mine hydrogeological condition, this article mainly discuss the work: (1) According to Ordovician limestone water test in 1996 , analysis the recharge, runoff and drainage conditions in Ordovician limestone to provide hydrogeological basis for mining the next group coal safely; (2)According to the drilling data, use the water inrush coefficient method to predict the water inrush of the shallow next group coal (Xiaoqing coal, Daqing coal and Xiajia coal in level -190m) and the forecast results as follows: in the former area of Xiaotun Colliery, water inrush coefficient of Xiaoqing coal is less than the value of 0.06Mpa/m which is the experience value in southwest and it is greater than the experience value in northeast; the water inrush coefficient of Daqing coal and Xiajia coal were greater than the value of experience in the former area. It will have the water inrush risk to mining the next group coal if you do not take preventive measures; (3) Propose water control measures of mining the shallow next group coal, drain water away from Ordovician limestone to reduce its hydraulic presure to minging the next group coal and analyze its economic benefit.Ⅲ Keywords: Fengfeng Coalfield; Next Group Coal; Water inrush coefficient; drainage and decreasing pressure目 录 摘要.................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... II 第一章 绪 论....................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题意义 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究内容 ...................................................................................................................... 3 第二章 研究区概况..............................................................................................................4 2.1 自然地理概况 .............................................................................................................. 4 2.2 井田概况 ...................................................................................................................... 5 第三章 井田地质和水文地质..............................................................................................7 3.1 井田地质 ...................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 井田水文地质 ............................................................................................................ 14 第四章 奥灰水文地质条件分析......................................................................................19 4.1 奥灰放水试验概况 .................................................................................................... 19 4.2 奥灰水文地质边界条件分析 .................................................................................... 19 4.3 奥灰含水介质特征及富水性分析 ............................................................................ 23 4.4 奥灰补给、径流、排泄条件分析 ............................................................................ 27 第五章 突水条件分析......................................................................................................33 5.1 影响突水的主要因素 ................................................................................................ 33 5.2 奥灰含水层突水分析 ................................................................................................ 34 5.3 奥灰防治水措施 ........................................................................................................ 40 第六章 奥灰疏降水量预测..............................................................................................41 6.1 预测方案 .................................................................................................................... 41 6.2 疏水降压孔的布置 .................................................................................................... 42 6.3 疏降水量预测 ............................................................................................................ 43 6.4 疏水降压经济效益分析 ............................................................................................ 50 第七章 结论......................................................................................................................53