对汽车需求量的增加，对整车多样性的需求，促使汽车企业的整车项目不断增加。
本文提及的整车项目，是指在企业中带来经济效益的以项目管理为组织形式的活动，
涉及的时间从产品设计开始，经历实施方案的设计，设备的采购及安装，生产启动直
至最后的批量生产结束；涉及的部门包括产品设计部门，方案实施部门，质量保障部
门，采购部门，生产管理部门及生产车间；涉及的投资包含工艺设备类的投资和土建
类的投资，其投资额非常巨大。整车项目的增加，带来的是企业的巨额投资支出。
企业的目标是追求利润，投资支出的合理是获得持续利润的保证，所以如何管理
好庞大的投资支出，是汽车企业面临的管理问题。
本文首先论述了在汽车企业中投资管理的目的，说明了投资管理对企业运营的重
要性，投资管理的好坏关乎企业持续盈利能力的提高。
结合汽车企业中投资管理的目的，描述了大多数汽车企业中投资管理的现状，分
析了现状可能带来的问题。
从而提出，在现阶段汽车企业项目迅猛增长的情况下，非常需要一套适合汽车企
业运行的投资管理模式来解决投资管理问题，这种管理模式通过制度和流程来保障其
运行，通过这一模式的运行，在项目的各个阶段保证投资支出的合理。
通过对投资管理相关概念及理论基础的研究，结合 TJ 汽车企业实际投资管理模
式运行的情况，分析了其投资管理模式中的不足之处，针对不足提出了解决措施。
本文对投资管理模式中的一系列投资管理方式进行了总结。
包括在产品设计和实施方案设计阶段的对设计的参与及投资估算的管理模式和对
实施方案及预算审核的管理模式；在项目实施阶段对投资预算编制的管理模式和对项
目变更的管理模式；以及在项目总结阶段对投资经验数据积累的管理模式。
还提出了完善的投资管理模式对于风险规避的意义，以及保障投资管理模式运行
有效的措施。
最后强调在汽车企业的管理中，完善的投资管理模式，对汽车企业维持其竞争力
有着极大的意义。
关键词：
项目管理,投资管理,对标方法,变更管理
III
Research for TJ Automobile Enterprise Project Investment Management Mode
Abstract
With the increase in national income and national pursuit of quality of life , the desire to
buy the car of their growing strongly , which brought the booming auto companies . Auto
companies by rising production capacity to meet customer demand for vehicle number ; By
constantly updating and upgrading of products to meet customer demand technology content
and appearance of the vehicle with the vehicle .
Increased customer demand for automobiles , the demand for the vehicle diversity ,
prompting car companies increasing vehicle project . Vehicle project mentioned herein ,
refers to economic benefits in the enterprise project management as the organization 's
activities , the time involved from product design , through implementation of the program
design, equipment procurement and installation, production start- up the final volume ends ;
departments involved include product design department , program implementation
department , quality assurance department , purchasing department , production management
and production workshop ; investment involves investment includes investment in
technology and civil engineering equipment and the like, its investment enormous. Increased
vehicle project , bringing the huge investment expenditures of enterprises.
The goal is the pursuit of corporate profits, investment spending is to obtain a
reasonable profit guarantee continuous, so how to manage the huge investment expenditure,
the management issues facing the auto companies.
This paper first discusses the investment management companies in the automotive
purposes, the importance of the business operations of investment management, investment
management and improving the quality concerns of sustained profitability.
Combined with the auto companies in the investment management purposes, described
the current situation in most automotive companies Investment Management, analyzes the
current situation may bring problems.
Thus proposed that in the case of automobile enterprise projects rapid growth stage, the
very need for a suitable car companies run investment management investment management
model to solve the problem, this management model through the systems and processes to
ensure their run through this model run, at all stages of the project to ensure a reasonable
investment spending.
Through the investment management concepts and theoretical basis of research,IV
combined with the actual situation TJ auto companies investment management mode, the
analysis of its investment management model deficiencies spending measures for the lack of
proposed solutions.
In this paper, the investment management mode for a range of investment management
are summarized.
Included in the product design and implementation scheme design stage, involved in the
design work and the estimated investment management mode, the implementation of audit
and audit on the budget management model; investment in the project implementation stage
management and budgeting of the project change management models; and project summary
stage of investment experience accumulated data management.
Also made a sound investment management mode effective measures for the
significance of risk aversion, and the protection of investment management.
Stressed in the automotive business management, and improve the investment
management model, the auto companies to maintain their competitiveness has a great
significance.
Keywords:
Project management, investment management, benchmarking methods, change
management
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 选题的意义
随着国内经济形势的良好发展，国民收入在近几年持续上升。普通百姓的生活也
从关注温饱转变为关注生活品质，这种变化导致百姓购车需求的日益增加。参照发达
国家的汽车千人占有率来对比我国现状，会发现我国人均汽车的占有量仍停留在初步
阶段，由于汽车千人占有率的标准有着广泛适用性，据此判断，在国内市场上对汽车
的需求仍然会持续增长。即使在某些城市出台了限购政策，但也是使消费者在购买汽
车的选择上偏好于价格更高、质量更好的车型，并没有降低购车欲望。综上所述，汽
车销量在未来几年，仍然会持续的增长。
普通百姓对生活品质的追求，还体现在对汽车车型多样化的需求上。
一款车已经无法在长时期不做任何改变的情况下持续吸引顾客，每一款车都要不
断通过对技术的升级和外型的改变来吸引消费者，现阶段每一款车基本上隔一年都会
进行一次技术升级，隔三年会进行一次外观的更改，隔六年会进行一次整体的换型。
这种对销量和车型多样性的需求，造成了汽车企业中车型项目的急剧增加。
企业的目标是持续发展，是通过每个项目的实施持续的获得利润以保证企业的持
续发展。所以汽车企业中整车项目的投放都要经过严密的论证，论证项目的投资收益
率是否能达到企业的利润率目标，达到利润率目标的整车项目才允许实施。在项目实
施的过程中必须通过各种管理方式保证项目实现预期的投资收益率，才能保证项目的
实施带来预期的利润。
影响项目投资收益率的因素很多，比如项目整体的投资的支出，比如单车的材料
成本，比如广告和营销手段的支出等。其中投资支出对投资收益率的影响很大，所以
整车项目的合理投资支出是影响投资收益率能否达到企业利润率目标的关键因素。
通过以上论述说明了现阶段汽车企业内的项目很多，保障所有项目实现预期投资
收益率才能保证企业获得持续利润。实现预期投资收益率的关键因素是投资支出，管
理好这些投资支出才能保证项目实现预期投资收益率，从而保证企业持续利润的获得。
车型项目的管理是一个周期很长的工作，对投资的管理需要贯穿整个项目周期，
从产品设计开始直到产品批量生产。在这一周期的不同阶段，需要采用不同的投资管
理方式来保障项目投资支出的合理性，这些不同阶段的不同管理方式汇集起来，就形
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