摘要
我国有着农业生产大国的悠久文化，但重视生产、忽视流通的思想制约了农
业的发展进程，导致农业的发展落后于一些发达国家，由于人们生活品质水平的
提升，对农产品的品质要求及需求量也不断提高，对农产品的配送提出了更高标
准的要求，研究农产品车辆配送路径的规划问题已然成为破解三农问题的有效途
径。基于农产品独有的特征，合理规划冷链物流的车辆配送路径方案，不仅可以
有效缩短配送时间及配送里程，还可以最大程度的保证农产品的产品品质，对提
升客户的满意度有着显著的作用，为企业提升市场竞争力提供遵循。因此，研究
如何规划农产品冷链车辆物流路径对农业发展有着较大的现实意义和研究价值。
本文所做的工作：
（1）首先对农产品冷链物流车辆路径规划的研究现状进行分析，确定以多目
标农产品路径规划为研究内容。
（2）梳理农产品冷链物流以及车辆路径规划的相关专业理论，以理论为依托，
通过合理的条件假设，将冷链物流车辆配送过程的现实问题转换为数学模型，以
配送总成本和客户满意度同时作为目标，通过求解数学模型得到解的方式规划车
辆配送路径。其中，考虑到农产品的易腐特性和实际的配送发生过程，将固定成
本、运输成本、货损成本、制冷成本及惩罚成本作为配送总成本的五个部分。
（3）给定算例，选取遗传算法和 NSGA_II算法，对比两种算法的区别之处，
选用 MATLAB R2018b软件编写算法求解过程的程序代码，通过运算，分别实现
对创建的多目标模型的求解。
（4）分析求解结果，对比两种算法在求解多目标冷链配送车辆路径规划问题
时的优劣，得出分析多目标路径规划问题时 NSGA_II算法相比遗传算法更加合理，
可以求得更优解的结论。
关键词：多目标；农产品；冷链配送；遗传算法；NSGA_II算法
I

Abstract
China has a long-standing culture of a large agricultural production country, but the
idea of paying attention to production and ignoring circulation restricts the development
process of agriculture, resulting in the development of agriculture lagging behind some
developed countries. With the advancement of society, the quality requirements and
demand for agricultural products are also increasing, and higher standards are put
forward for the distribution of agricultural products, Explore on the planning of vehicle
distribution path of agricultural products has become an effective method to solve the
insufficient of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Based on the unique characteristics
of agricultural products, reasonably planning the vehicle distribution path scheme of
cold chain logistics can not only effectively shorten the distribution time and mileage,
but also should make sure the product fresh of agricultural products to the greatest
extent, which plays a significant role in improving customer satisfaction and provides
guidance for enterprises to improve market competitiveness. Therefore, the research on
how to plan the logistics path of agricultural Cold Chain vehicles has great practical
significance and research value for agricultural development.
Work done in this paper:
(1) Firstly, the research status of vehicle path planning of agricultural cold chain
logistics is analyzed, and the multi-objective agricultural product path planning is
determined as the research content.
(2) Combing the relevant professional theories of agricultural cold chain logistics
and vehicle routing planning, based on the theory and through reasonable conditional
assumptions, this paper constructs a multi-objective function of cold chain logistics
vehicle routing planning model with the lowest total distribution cost and the highest
customer satisfaction value. Considering the perishable characteristics of agricultural
products and the actual delivery process, the fixed cost, transportation cost, cargo
damage cost, refrigeration cost and punishment cost are regarded as the five parts of the
total distribution cost.
(3) Given an example, genetic algorithm and NSGA_II algorithm, compare the
differences between the two algorithms, select MATLAB R2018b software to write the
program code of the algorithm solution process, and realize the solution of the created
multi-objective model through operation.
(4) Analyzing the solution results and comparing the strong points and weak points
II

of the two algorithms in solving the multi-objective cold chain distribution vehicle
routing problem, it is concluded that the analysis of multi-objective routing problem,
NSGA_II algorithm is more reasonable than genetic algorithm and can get a better
solution.
Keyword：Multi objective;agricultural;cold chain distribution;genetic
algorithm;NSGA_II algorithm
III
。。。以下略