I 摘要 21 世纪以来，世界经济联系越来越紧密，国家间的依赖也日益加深，表现在 从生产到分配的各个领域。企业的国际化水平越来越高，企业发展离不开良好的 供应链管理。而供应商评价又是供应链管理的一个关键环节。F 公司是一家专门经 营代工业务的国际化公司，其代工的 M 系列产品近年来由于受到市场竞争日益加 剧、上游客户成本管控的影响，公司盈利能力大大下降，供应商管理能力急需要 得到提高。本文的研究目的就是为了设计出一套系统全面的供应商评价指标体系。 以此辅导供应商评估和绩效改善。 本文在阅读了大量的文献的基础上，通过对 F 公司目前供应商管理过程中评 价指标的缺陷和漏洞的分析，构建了一个完整、科学的供应商评价指标体系。它 主要包括五大评价要素：成本控制能力、品控能力、客服能力、交期能力以及创 新能力。通过 AHP 层次分析法对五大评价要素都计算出了相应的权重，这样在供 应商评价过程中就做到了主次分明、综合全面。为科学评价供应商提供了完善的 体系，为后续的供应商管理提供了决策前提和依据。 本文在以下几个方面有其独到之处： ·F 公司是 OEM 模式的典型代表，本文就是针对在 OEM 模式下，企业如何 评价供应商，提出了一个综合指标体系。 ·本体系从 F 公司的具体实际出发，结合了国际上当前一些先进的管理经验 和理论，探索出一条既与国际接轨又能解决当前困境的指标体系。这让 F 公司在 供应商评价工作中，摆脱以往的专断、刻板的作风，注入了更多人性化、公正化 的因素。 通过本文的研究，不仅可以优化 F 公司原来供应商评价体系，加强其供应商 管理能力，还可以供其它 OEM 企业借鉴，并改进其供应商管理方法。 关键词：供应商，评价体系，优化ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Since the 21st century, the world economy has become more and more closely connected, and the dependence between countries has been increasingly deepened, which is reflected in all fields from production to distribution.The internationalization level of enterprises is getting higher and higher, and the development of enterprises cannot do without good supply chain management.And supplier evaluation is a key link of supply chain management.F company is an international company specialized in OEM business. In recent years, due to the influence of increasingly intensified market competition and upstream customers' cost control, the company's profitability has been greatly reduced, and the supplier management ability urgently needs to be improved.The purpose of this paper is to design a set of systematic and comprehensive supplier evaluation index system.To guide supplier to improve their evaluation and performance. On the basis of reading a large number of literature, this paper constructs a complete and scientific supplier evaluation index system by analyzing the defects and vulnerabilities of the evaluation index in F company's current supplier management process.It mainly includes five evaluation factors: cost control ability, quality control ability, customer service ability, delivery ability and innovation ability.Through AHP analytic hierarchy process, the corresponding weights of the five evaluation factors are calculated, so that the priority are clear and comprehensive in the supplier evaluation process.It provides a perfect system for the scientific evaluation of suppliers and the decision premise and basis for the supplier management. This paper is unique in the following aspects: F company is a typical representative of OEM mode. This paper proposes a comprehensive indicator system for how enterprises evaluate suppliers under The OEM mode. Based on the actual situation of F Company, this system combines some advanced management experience and theories in the world, and explores an index system that is not only in line with international standards but also able to solve the current dilemma.This enables F company to get rid of its previous arbitrary and rigid style in supplier evaluation and inject more humane and impartial factors.ABSTRACT III Through the study of this paper, not only can F company optimize the original supplier evaluation system, strengthen its supplier management ability, but also can be used for reference by other OEM enterprises, and improve their supplier management methods. Keywords: supplier,evaluation system,Optimization目 录 IV 目 录 第一章 绪论.....................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 研究目的............................................................................................................ 1 1.3 文献综述............................................................................................................ 2 1.3.1 国外文献综述.........................................................................................2 1.3.2 国内文献综述.........................................................................................6 1.3.3 文献评述.................................................................................................8 1.4 论文框架结构.................................................................................................... 8 第二章 相关理论基础.....................................................................................................9 2.1 全面认识供应链管理........................................................................................ 9 2.1.1 供应链管理的概念.................................................................................9 2.1.2 供应链管理 4R 理论.............................................................................. 9 2.1.3 供应链管理的发展趋势.......................................................................10 2.2 供应商的选择、评价与管理...........................................................................11 2.2.1 供应商选择、评价与管理的作用.......................................................11 2.2.2 供应商评价的常用方法.......................................................................11 2.3 建立指标体系需遵循的原则.......................................................................... 12 2.4 本章总结.......................................................................................................... 13 第三章 F 公司供应商评价体系存在的问题研究........................................................14 3.1 F 公司背景介绍................................................................................................14 3.1.1 公司简介...............................................................................................14 3.1.2 公司企业文化.......................................................................................14 3.1.3 公司的战略和目标...............................................................................15 3.2 F 公司组织环境分析........................................................................................15 3.2.1 公司外部环境分析...............................................................................15 3.2.2 公司内部环境分析...............................................................................15 3.3 F 公司采购品项的特点及对供应商评价的影响............................................16 3.3.1 电子零件类...........................................................................................17 3.3.2 机加工材料...........................................................................................17 3.3.3 包装材料类...........................................................................................18目 录 V 3.3.4 耗材类...................................................................................................18 3.4 F 公司供应商评价体系现状研究....................................................................19 3.4.1 F 公司供应商评价体系的发展概况.....................................................19 3.4.2 F 公司目前的供应商选择与评价体系简述.........................................20 3.5 F 公司供应商评价体系存在的问题剖析........................................................22 3.5.1 评价程序方面存在的问题...................................................................22 3.5.2 评价方式方法存在的问题...................................................................24 3.5.3 实践中存在的其它问题.......................................................................24 3.6 F 公司供应商评价体系存在问题的根本原因................................................24 3.6.1 没有与 A 客户建立战略合作关系......................................................24 3.6.2 评价指标体系不够科学全面...............................................................25 3.6.3 定期考核中现场评估被忽视...............................................................25 3.6.4 评审缺乏公司高层的支持...................................................................25 3.7 本章小结.......................................................................................................... 26 第四章 F 公司供应商评价体系优化思路....................................................................27 4.1 供应商评价体系优化指导思想...................................................................... 27 4.2 评价程序的优化对策...................................................................................... 27 4.2.1 去形式化的有关对策...........................................................................27 4.2.2 实施供应商分类、分级管理...............................................................27 4.2.3 建立持续改善机制...............................................................................30 4.2.4 优胜略汰...............................................................................................30 4.2.5 建立系统全面的评价指标有关对策...................................................32 4.3 评价方式优化.................................................................................................. 34 4.4 针对评价执行中的管控措施优化.................................................................. 34 4.5 F 公司供应商评价指标体系优化的方法论研究............................................34 4.5.1 AHP 的优点...........................................................................................35 4.5.2 AHP 操作步骤.......................................................................................35 4.6 本章总结.......................................................................................................... 35 第五章 F 公司新的供应商评价体系的构建与应用....................................................36 5.1 F 公司供应商评价体系指标建立....................................................................36 5.1.1 成本控制能力.......................................................................................37 5.1.2 质量控制水准.......................................................................................38 5.1.3 客户服务。...........................................................................................39目 录 VI 5.1.4 交期控制能力。...................................................................................40 5.1.5 企业持续发展能力。............................................................................41 5.2 利用 AHP 构建 F 公司供应商评价体系模型................................................42 5.2.1 建立递阶结构模型的规范方法...........................................................42 5.2.2 构造比较矩阵（判断矩阵 comparison matrix）................................43 5.2.3 层次单排序及一致性检验...................................................................44 5.2.4 计算组合权重.......................................................................................45 5.3 利用 AHP 确定 F 公司供应商评价体系权重................................................45 5.4 F 公司 TOPCASE（笔记本上盖）供应商评价指标体系的应用.................53 5.4.1 应用背景...............................................................................................53 5.4.2 对评价体系各指标建立评分标准.......................................................54 5.4.3 组织对三家 TOPCASE 供应商评审................................................... 62 5.5 本章小结.......................................................................................................... 68 第六章 结论及展望.......................................................................................................69 致谢.................................................................................................................................70。。。。。。以下内容略