中文摘要 随着近些年全球经济一体化的深入开展，使世界各国和地区之间的经济活动相互依 存，形成世界范围内的有机整体。中国作为世界经济的重要组成部分，在世界舞台上具 有举足轻重的地位，各大跨国公司纷纷到中国投资建厂。然而，企业面临愈演愈烈的市 场竞争环境，如何降低产品成本提高企业的核心竞争力是值得深入思考的主题。采购管 理对产品的成本控制起到至关重要的作用，许多跨国公司都围绕如何控制采购成本展开 研究，并且逐步形成战略采购思想。 本文以SD公司本地化战略采购为研究对象，首先运用卡拉杰克矩阵对供应商分类 管理；其次采用战略采购思路，对供应商引入流程及评分模式进行优化；再次质量是企 业的生命，提出将质量管理的理念前置于供应商的制造中，对供应商生产制造编制认证 计划，从而减少产品的不合格率，降低进货检验的工作，保障生产装配线高效运转。本 文提出从零部件制造成本入手，优化零部件成本结构，采用吸收成本法对产品进行分析， 找出零部件成本区间；利用学习曲线工具对批量价格加以诠释，为价格谈判和成本降低 提供方向。 关键词：战略采购；供应商考察；质量管控；成本分析 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文 Abstract ABSTRACT With the development of global economic integration in recent years, the economic activities of all countries and regions in the world depend on each other and form an organic whole in the world. As an important part of the world economy, China plays an important role on the world stage. Many multinational companies have invested in China to build factories. However, enterprises are facing increasingly fierce market competition environment. How to reduce product cost and improve the core competitiveness of enterprises is a subject worthy of in-depth consideration. Procurement management plays an important role in the cost control of products. Many multinational companies focus on how to control the procurement cost, and gradually form a strategic procurement idea. It takes SD Company's localized strategic procurement as the research object. Firstly, it uses Kraljic Model to classify and manage suppliers; secondly, it uses strategic procurement ideas to optimize the introduction process and scoring mode of suppliers; thirdly, quality is the life of the enterprise, and it puts forward that the concept of quality management should be put in front of the supplier's manufacturing, and a certification plan should be prepared for the supplier's manufacturing Reduce the unqualified rate of products, reduce the incoming inspection work, and ensure the efficient operation of the production assembly line. In this paper, starting from the manufacturing cost of parts, optimizing the cost structure of parts and components, using the absorption cost method to analyze products, finding out the cost range of parts and components, using the learning curve tool to interpret the batch price, providing the direction for price negotiation and cost reduction. Keywords: strategic procurement, supplier inspection, quality control, cost analysis 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文 目录 论文目录 1 引言 .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 选题背景与研究问题 ........................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究目的和研究意义 ........................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 研究目的 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 研究意义 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.3 研究内容和研究方法 ........................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 研究内容 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 研究方法 ........................................................................................................... 5 2 文献综述及理论基础 ...................................................................................................... 6 2.1 研究现状 ............................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 战略采购国内外研究现状 ............................................................................... 6 2.1.2 本地化战略及现状 ........................................................................................... 7 2.2 本地化相关理论 ................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 跨国公司及本地化概念 ................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 跨国公司本地化动因 ....................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 跨国公司采购本地化目的 ................................................................................ 9 2.3 战略采购相关理论 ............................................................................................... 9 2.3.1 战略采购的定义 ............................................................................................... 9 2.3.2 战略采购的目的及意义 ................................................................................... 9 2.3.3 战略采购与一般采购的区别 ........................................................................... 9 2.4 供应商开发及管理 ............................................................................................. 10 2.4.1 供应商管理体系建立 ..................................................................................... 10 2.4.2 供应商分类 ..................................................................................................... 10 2.4.3 供应商开发及评选原则 ................................................................................. 11 3 SD公司介绍、内外部环境分析及物料特点 .............................................................. 12 3.1 SD公司市场前景及公司基本情况 ................................................................... 12 3.1.1 SD公司市场前景介绍 ................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 SD公司基本情况及背景 ............................................................................... 12 3.2 SD公司内外部环境分析 ................................................................................... 13 3.3 SD公司设备物料特点及供应商特点 ............................................................... 15 4 SD公司战略采购问题分析 .......................................................................................... 17 4.1 SD公司本地化采购目的 ................................................................................... 17 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文 目录 4.2 SD公司采购现状 ............................................................................................... 17 4.3 SD公司本地化采购问题分析 ........................................................................... 19 4.3.1 供应商开发流程分析 ..................................................................................... 19 4.3.2 本地化质量分析 ............................................................................................. 21 4.3.3 本地化成本分析 ............................................................................................. 22 4.3.4 内部沟通问题分析 ......................................................................................... 23 5 SD公司战略采购优化 .................................................................................................. 24 5.1 采购流程优化 ..................................................................................................... 24 5.1.1 对现有供应商实行分类管理及相应的采购策略 ......................................... 25 5.1.2 SD公司供应商考察流程优化 ....................................................................... 27 5.2 SD公司本地化质量控制 ................................................................................... 32 5.2.1 供应商零件认证计划 ...............................................................