在经济全球化与信息技术革命发展迅猛的21世纪，企业竞争是动态的、多元化的， 在不断变化的环境中竞争愈演愈烈。企业在动态变化的竞争中要取得长远发展，就必须 不断地提高技术创新能力。只有通过敏锐的嗅觉察觉环境的变化，并迅速通过自身的知 识积累进行技术创新，才能持续获得竞争优势，使自己立于不败之地。在瞬息万变、不 可预测的超竞争环境下，企业发展的关键在于如何对现有的一切资源进行有效的整合再 配置，不断的提高技术创新效率，进而持续获得核心竞争力。 本文在剖析超竞争环境的基础上，利用动态的观点对高端装备制造企业如何提升技 术创新能力进行研究。首先梳理总结了国内外高端装备制造企业的相关技术创新效率理 论和研究成果，通过了解高端装备制造企业的特点，对超竞争环境、高端装备制造企业 和创新效率的概念进行了界定；从宏观、产业层面分析了高端装备制造企业的现状，并 概括了高端装备制造企业面临的机会与威胁；在这基础上，深入研究了我国高端装备制 造企业技术创新的发展趋势，进而得出我国高端装备制造企业现存的问题。接着，选取 了2014-2018年30家高端装备制造企业为研究对象，构建了超竞争环境下高端装备制 造企业技术创新效率的评价指标体系，运用三阶段DEA模型测量了30家高端装备制造 企业不同年份企业的综合技术效率值、纯技术效率值和规模效率值以及规模状态的变化 程度，并进一步分析了30家高端装备制造企业技术创新效率的状况，对测得的结果进 行了比较分析。最后，根据前文的实证分析和评价结果，针对我国高端装备制造企业技 术创新效率上存在的问题，进行了优化分析并提出政策建议。 关键词：超竞争环境；高端装备制造企业；三阶段DEA；创新效率 超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价研究 ABSTRACT Inthe21stcentury,withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationandinf ormationtechnologyrevolution,thecompetitionamongenterprisesisdynamicanddive rsified.Inordertoachievelong-termdevelopmentinthedynamiccompetition,enterpri sesmustconstantlyimprovetheirtechnologicalinnovationability.Onlythroughakeen senseofsmelltodetectchangesintheenvironment,andquicklythroughtheirown knowledgeaccumulationfortechnicalinnovation,inordertocontinuetogainacomp etitiveadvantage,makethemselvesinaninvincibleposition.Intherapidlychanginga ndunpredictablesuper-competitiveenvironment,thekeytothedevelopmentofenterpri sesishowtoeffectivelyintegrateandredeployalltheexistingresources,continuously improvetheefficiencyoftechnologicalinnovation,andcontinuetogainthecoreco mpetitiveness. Basedontheanalysisofthesuper-competitiveenvironment,thispaperstudiesho wtoimprovethetechnologicalinnovationabilityofhigh-endequipmentmanufacturing enterprisesfromthedynamicperspective.Firstly,itsummarizesthetheoriesandresea rchresultsoftechnologyinnovationefficiencyofdomesticandforeignhigh-endequip mentmanufacturingenterprises,anddefinestheconceptsofsuper-competitiveenviron ment,high-endequipmentmanufacturingindustryandinnovationcapacitybyunderstan dingthecharacteristicsofhigh-endequipmentmanufacturingindustry.Thispaperanaly zesthecurrentsituationofhigh-endequipmentmanufacturingindustryfromthemacro andindustriallevels,andsummarizestheopportunitiesandthreatsfacedbyhigh-end equipmentmanufacturingenterprises.Onthisbasis,thedevelopmenttrendoftechnolo gyinnovationinChina'shigh-endequipmentmanufacturingenterprisesisdeeplystudie d,andtheexistingproblemsofChina'shigh-endequipmentmanufacturingenterprises areconcluded.Thenselect30high-endequipmentmanufacturingenterprisein2014-20 18astheresearchobject,high-endequipmentmanufacturingenterprisesundertheultr acompetitionenvironmentisconstructedoftechnologyinnovationefficiencyevaluation system,usingthethreestageDEAmodeltomeasurethe30differentyearshigh-end equipmentmanufacturingenterpriseofthecomprehensivetechnicalefficiency,purete chnicalefficiencyandscaleefficiencyvalueandthechangedegreeofscalestate,and 哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文 furtheranalyzesthe30high-endequipmentmanufacturingenterprisetechnologyinnov ationefficiencycondition,hascarriedonthecomparativeanalysisofmeasuredresults. Finally,basedontheaboveempiricalanalysisandevaluationresults,thepaperoptim izesandanalyzestheexistingproblemsinthetechnologicalinnovationefficiencyofC hina'shigh-endequipmentmanufacturingenterprisesandputsforwardpolicySuggestio ns. KeyWords:Superbcompetitiveenvironment;High-endequipmentmanufacturingenter prises;Three-stageDEAmodel;Innovationefficiency 超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价研究 目录 第1章绪论..............................................................................................................................1 1.1论文的研究背景、目的及意义....................................................................................1 1.1.1论文研究的背景...................................................................................................1 1.1.2论文研究的目的...................................................................................................1 1.1.3论文研究的意义...................................................................................................2 1.2国内外研究现状............................................................................................................3 1.2.1国外研究现状.......................................................................................................3 1.2.2国内研究现状.......................................................................................................6 1.2.3国内外研究现状综述.........................................................................................10 1.3论文的研究内容和研究方法......................................................................................11 1.3.1论文的研究内容.................................................................................................11 1.3.2论文的研究方法.................................................................................................13 1.4论文的创新之处..........................................................................................................13 第2章相关概念综述与企业的超竞争环境分析................................................................14 2.1相关概念界定..............................................................................................................14 2.1.1超竞争环境的概念界定.....................................................................................14 2.1.2高端装备制造企业的概念界定.........................................................................15 2.1.3技术创新效率的概念界定.................................................................................16 2.2高端装备制造企业的超竞争环境分析......................................................................18 2.2.1高端装备制造企业的宏观环境分析.................................................................18 2.2.2高端装备制造企业的产业竞争环境分析.........................................................21 2.2.3高端装备制造企业面临的机会与威胁.............................................................25 2.3超竞争环境对高端装备制造企业的影响..................................................................27 2.3.1竞争环境复杂.....................................................................................................27 2.3.2创新持续加剧.....................................................................................................28 2.3.3产品更新换代加快.............................................................................................28 2.3.4竞争需要协同.....................................................................................................28 2.4本章小结......................................................................................................................29 第3章超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价体系的建立........................30 3.1超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价指标体系设计......................30 3.1.1超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价指标体系构建思路.....30 3.1.2超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价指标体系构建原则.....30 3.1.3超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率评价指标体系的构建.........31 3.1.4超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业样本的选取与数据来源.............................34 3.2超竞争环境下高端装备制造企业技术创新效率关键指标的筛选..........................34