I 摘要 近年以来，我国小微企业发展蓬勃，在增加就业、稳定增长、促进创新、丰富市场 结构等方面发挥了独特的重要作用。党中央、国务院多次强 调，要做好支持民营和小微 企业的金融工作。金融监管部门要求，要着力缓解小微企业金融服务供给不充分、结构 不均衡的问题，引导银行业小微企业金融服务由高速增长转向 高质量发展。各商业银行 制定的信贷政策也逐渐向小微企业倾斜，积极研发小微企业信贷产品。但由于小微企业 本身规模较小、经营不稳定、抗风险能力差等因素，小微信贷风 险时有发生。因此，探 索适用于小微企业的信贷风险管理模式、提升信贷风险管理水平、优化信贷风险管理流 程，对实现银行和小微企业的双赢具有十分重要的意义。 本文以城 市商业银行 H 银行邢台分行对小微企业授信风险管理作为研究对象，通过 将理论与实际经营相结合，从银行层面、企业层面、外部因素三方面阐述了小微企业信 贷风险来源；以 客观数据为基础，分析了 H 省及邢台市小微企业融资的现状，之后详细 梳理了 H 银行邢台分行小微企业信贷风险管理现状，其中包括业务和人员现状、风险管 理实践中的部门 权限和贷款流程；继而引出该行现阶段小微企业信贷风险管理存在的问 题和对产生问题原因的分析，主要包含风险管理组织结构、风险评价制度和从业人员素 质等三方面；最后 根据 H 银行邢台分行小微企业信贷业务风险管理上存在的问题，针对 性地提出了从组织机构、风险评价体系、人员素质和全面风险管理体系等切入点进行优 化，构建了一个组织 更为完善、流程更为科学、风险评估更为准确的小微企业贷款风险 管理体系。新的风险管理体系对于实现提高该行风险管理水平、改善小微企业贷款风险 管理现状可以起到积极 作用。 关键词 城市商业银行 信贷风险管理 小微企业河北大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract In recent years, China's small and micro enterprises have developed vigorously and played a unique and important role in increasing employment, stabilizing growth, promoting innovation, and enriching market structure. The CPC(communist party of China) Central Committee and the State Council have repeatedly stressed the importance of supporting private enterprises and small and micro businesses in the financial sector. Financial regulators require that efforts should be made to alleviate the problem of insufficient financial services and uneven structure of small and micro enterprises, and guide the financial services of small and micro enterprises in the banking industry from high-speed growth to high-quality development. The credit policies formulated by commercial banks are gradually tilted towards small and micro enterprises, and they are actively developing credit products for small and micro enterprises. However, due to factors such as small scale, unstable operations, and poor risk resistance of small and micro enterprises, credit risks occur from time to time. Therefore, exploring the credit risk management model applicable to small and micro enterprises, improving the level of credit risk management, and optimizing the credit risk management process are of great significance to achieving a win-win situation for banks and small and micro enterprises. This article takes the credit risk management of small and micro enterprises in the H city commercial bank XingTai branch as the research object. By combining theory with actual operation, the sources of credit risks of small and micro enterprises are elaborated from the aspects of bank, enterprise and external factors. Based on objective data, this paper analyzed the current situation of financing of small and micro enterprises in H province and Xingtai city, afterwards, this article sorted out the current situation of credit risk management of small and micro enterprises in XingTai Branch of H Bank in detail, including the current status of business and personnel, departmental authority and loan process in risk management practice. Then, the problems of credit risk management of small and micro enterprises at the current stage were brought out, and analyzed the causes of the problems, including risk managementAbstract III organization structure, risk evaluation system and the quality of employees. Finally, according to the problems in the risk management of the credit business of the small and micro enterprises of H Bank XingTai branch, the paper proposes to optimize from the entry points of the organizational structure, risk evaluation system, personnel quality, and comprehensive risk management system, and established a new small and micro enterprise loan risk management system with a better organization, more scientific processes and more accurate risk assessment. The new risk management system can play an active role in improving the bank's risk management level and improving the current situation of small and micro enterprise loan risk management. Keywords city Commercial Bank Credit risk management Small and micro enterprise河北大学硕士学位论文 IV 目 录 第一章 绪论..............................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景及 研究意义................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 研究背 景............................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究意 义............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究状 况.......................................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 国外研究状 况..................................................................................................... 3 1.2.2 国内研究状 况..................................................................................................... 4 1.3 研究内容与方 法........................................................................................................... 5 1.3.1 研究内 容............................................................................................................. 6 1.3.2 研究方 法............................................................................................................. 7 第二章 相关理论基 础............................................................................................................8 2.1 风险管理相关理 论....................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 风险管理的涵 义................................................................................................. 8 2.1.2 信息不对称理 论................................................................................................. 8 2.1.3 信贷配给理 论..................................................................................................... 9 2.1.4 企业生命周期理 论............................................................................................. 9 2.2 小微企业信贷风险来 源............................................................................................. 10 2.2.1 小微企业的界 定............................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 信贷风险来 源................................................................................................... 11 第三章 H 银行邢台分行小微企业信贷风险管理现状分 析................................................14 3.1 H 银行邢台分行简介 ................................................................................................. 14 3.2 H 省及邢台市小微企业融资现状 ............................................................................. 15 3.2.1 H 省小微企业融资现状 ................................................................................... 15 3.2.2 H 省邢台市小微贷款不良现状 ....................................................................... 17 3.3 H 银行邢台分行小微企业贷款概况 ......................................................................... 18 3.3.1 H 银行邢台分行小微贷款业务概况 ............................................................... 18目 录 V 3.3.2 H 银行邢台分行小微贷款从业人员情况 ....................................................... 22 3.4 H 银行邢台分行小微企业信贷风险管理现状 ......................................................... 25 3.4.1 H 银行风险管理组织制度分析 ....................................................................... 25 3.4.2 H 银行邢台分行业务权限划分 ....................................................................... 26 3.4.3 H 银行邢台分行小微贷款流程 ....................................................................... 27 第四章 H 银行邢台分行小微企业信贷风险管理问 题........................................................30 4.1 风险管理组织结构不健 全......................................................................................... 30 4.1.1 风险管理组织结构存在的问 题...................................................................... 30 4.1.2 风险管理组织结构存在问题的原因分 析...................................................... 31 4.2 风险评价制度不完 善................................................................................................. 31 4.2.1 风险评价制度存在的问 题............................................................................... 31 4.2.2 风险评价制度存在问题的原因分 析............................................................... 33 4.3 从业人员专业素质不 高............................................................................................. 34 4.3.1 信贷从业人员存在的问 题............................................................................... 34 4.3.2 信贷从业人员专业素质不高的原因分 析....................................................... 34 第五章 H 银行邢台分行小微企业信贷风险管理的对 策....................................................36 5.1 完善风险管理组织机构建 设..................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 完善风控部 门................................................................................................... 36 5.1.2 强化贷后检 查................................................................................................... 37 5.2 健全风险评价体 系..................................................................................................... 37 5.2.1 分行建立统一授信管理制 度........................................................................... 37 5.2.2 建立小微企业信贷风险评价模 型................................................................... 38 5.3 加强风险管理人力资源建 设..................................................................................... 38 5.3.1 人员选 拔........................................................................................................... 39 5.3.2 人员培 训........................................................................................................... 39 5.4 建立全面风险管理体 系............................................................................................. 39 5.4.1 培养全面风险管理文 化................................................................................... 40 5.4.2 建立内外协作风险管理机 制........................................................................... 40河北大学硕士学位论文 VI 第六章 结论与展 望................................................................................................................42 6.1 研究结 论..................................................................................................................... 42 6.2 研究展 望..................................................................................................................... 42。。。。。。以下内容略