军民融合发展是兴国之举，是强军之策，是我国长期探索经济建设和国防 建设协调发展规律的重大成果。习主席明确将军民融合发展上升为国家战略， 是从国家安全和战略发展全局出发作出的重大决策，是富国强军的整体设计布 局。军民融合发展战略已经成为国家对国防科技单位尤其军工央企深化改革的 总体目标和具体要求，并要求从体制机制层面强化其战略地位。航天X公司作 为中国航天科工集团军工装备重点配套的科研生产单位，是集团内唯一一家专 业从事液压气动产品研发生产的单位，为国家载人航天、探月工程、导弹武器、 运载火箭等国家重大工程和重点型号做出了重要贡献。X公司多年来一直延续传 统军工计划体制下的经营发展模式，专注于军用产业发展，而对民用产业发展 不足。经营业绩稳步增长，但与集团公司的跨越式发展要求和自身可持续发展 要求还有差距。在当前国家军民融合发展战略的指引下，X公司能否抓住机遇完 成转型升级，实现健康、快速、可持续发展，是亟需思考和解决的问题。 本论文以国有大型央企中国航天科工集团下属的三级单位航天X公司为研 究对象，以战略管理理论知识为指导，运用战略管理的分析方法及工具，以军 民融合为背景针对X公司军民融合发展中存在的问题，进行系统深入的研究， 期望研究过程中能够找到解决问题的方法，并且能够找到适合公司未来发展的 战略，制定出科学合理、具有一定指导意义的发展战略方案。论文研究思路主 要遵循战略管理的一般过程，即针对研究对象进行战略分析，设定战略目标， 生成战略，实施战略，最后对实施战略提出保障措施以确保战略顺利进行。 战略是取胜之道，战略管理是企业经营管理的核心任务，因为企业战略指 出了企业的发展方向，并为实现发展目标提出适合的可行性方案。以X公司为 研究对象进行军民融合背景下的发展战略研究，是为了在“十四五”规划的关 键时点为公司的健康、快速、可持续发展提供一些参考。同时希望此研究能对 航天军工领域其他同类单位进行军民融合背景下的发展战略创新研究提供有益 的参考和借鉴。 关键词：军民融合；航天X公司；发展战略 II Abstract Thedevelopmentofmilitarycivilianintegrationisawayofrejuvenatingthe country,astrategyofbuildingastrongmilitary,andamajorachievementofChina's long-termexplorationofthelawofcoordinateddevelopmentofeconomic constructionandnationaldefenseconstruction.PresidentXimadeitclearthat upgradingthedevelopmentofmilitarycivilianintegrationintoanationalstrategyisa majordecisionmadefromtheoverallperspectiveofnationalsecurityandstrategic development,andistheoveralldesignlayoutofenrichingthecountryand strengtheningthearmy.Thedevelopmentstrategyofmilitarycivilianintegrationhas becometheoverallgoalandspecificrequirementsofthestateforthedeepening reformofnationaldefensescienceandtechnologyunits,especiallythecentral enterprisesofmilitaryindustry,andrequiresstrengtheningitsstrategicpositionfrom thesystemmechanismlevel.Asthekeysupportingscientificresearchandproduction unitofmilitaryequipmentofChinaAerospaceScienceandindustrygroup,aerospace Xcompanyistheonlyonespecializedintheresearchanddevelopmentand productionofhydraulicandpneumaticproductsinthegroup,whichhasmade importantcontributionstonationalmajorprojectsandkeymodelssuchasnational mannedspaceflight,lunarexplorationengineering,missileweapons,launchvehicles, etc..Formanyyears,Xcompanyhascontinuedthebusinessdevelopmentmode underthetraditionalmilitaryplanningsystem,focusingonthedevelopmentof militaryindustry,whilethedevelopmentofcivilindustryisinsufficient.Thebusiness performancehasgrownsteadily,butthereisstillagapbetweentherequirementsof thegroupcompany'sleapfrogdevelopmentanditsownsustainabledevelopment. Undertheguidanceofthecurrentnationalmilitarycivilianintegrationdevelopment strategy,whetherXcompanycanseizetheopportunitytocompletethe transformationandupgrading,andachievehealthy,rapidandsustainable developmentisanurgentproblemtobeconsideredandsolved. Inthispaper,aerospaceXcompany,athree-levelunitofChinaAerospace Scienceandindustrygroup,alargestate-ownedcentralenterprise,istakenasthe III researchobject,guidedbythetheoreticalknowledgeofstrategicmanagement,using theanalyticalmethodsandtoolsofstrategicmanagement,aimingattheproblems existinginthedevelopmentofmilitarycivilianintegrationofXcompanyinthe backgroundofmilitarycivilianintegration,asystematicandin-depthresearchis carriedout,hopingtofindoutthesolutionsintheresearchprocess,andcanfind suitableforthecompany'sfuturedevelopmentstrategy,formulateascientificand reasonabledevelopmentstrategyplanwithcertainguidingsignificance.Theresearch ideaofthispapermainlyfollowsthegeneralprocessofstrategicmanagement,thatis, makingstrategicanalysisfortheresearchobject,settingstrategicobjectives, generatingstrategies,implementingstrategies,andfinallyputtingforwardsafeguard measurestoensurethesmoothimplementationofthestrategies. Strategyisthewaytowin,andstrategicmanagementisthecoretaskof enterprisemanagement,becauseenterprisestrategypointsoutthedevelopment directionoftheenterprise,andputsforwardsuitablefeasibleplansfortherealization ofdevelopmentgoals.TakingXcompanyastheresearchobjecttocarryoutthe developmentstrategyresearchunderthebackgroundofcivilmilitaryintegrationisto providesomereferencesforthehealthy,rapidandsustainabledevelopmentofthe companyatthekeypointofthe14thfiveyearplan.Atthesametime,authorhopes thisresearchcanprovideusefulreferenceforothersimilarunitsinthefieldof aerospaceindustrytocarryouttheresearchofdevelopmentstrategyinnovationunder thebackgroundofmilitarycivilianintegration. Keywords:militarycivilianintegration；AerospaceXcompany；development strategy IV 目录 第一章绪论...............................................................................................1 第一节研究背景与意义......................................................................................1 一研究背景......................................................................................................................1 二研究意义......................................................................................................................2 第二节研究内容与方法......................................................................................3 一研究内容......................................................................................................................3 二研究方法......................................................................................................................6 第三节研究特色与创新之处..............................................................................5 第二章航天X公司现状分析...................................................................6 第一节X公司概述...............................................................................................6 一公司简介......................................................................................................................6 二公司组织结构..............................................................................................................7 第二节X公司军民融合发展现状.......................................................................9 一公司军民融合发展情况..............................................................................................9 二公司军民产业运营情况..............................................................................................9 第三节X公司军民融合存在的问题.................................................................10 一军民比例结构不合理................................................................................................10 二军民融合度低............................................................................................................10 三资源分配不均............................................................................................................11 第四节X公司军民融合存在问题的原因分析.................................................11 一战略重要性认识不到位............................................................................................11 二顶层策划和制度性保障缺乏....................................................................................11 三体制和机制障碍........................................................................................................12 第三章基于军民融合背景的航天X公司外部环境分析....................13 第一节宏观环境分析................................................