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MBA硕士毕业论文_软件项目进度管理的改善研究PDF

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I 摘要 随着电子信息技术的发展,软件项目变得更复杂,项目管理难度也随之增加, 出现项目延期、成本上升等问题。企业必须提升软件项目管理的 质量,缩短软件 项目开发周期,降低项目延期风险和开发成本,提高企业产品的竞争力。笔者所 在的H公司目前就存在着软件项目管理方面的诸多问题,很多的软件项目由于延 期完工,未能按期交付客户,导致客户不满甚至失去市场机会,企业收入一再下 滑。因此,本文尝试使用项目进度管理相关理论方法结合微服务来解决H公司存 在的软件项目延期 的问题。 首先,本论文以H公司A软件项目为研究对象,分析A项目存在的问题,如 活动任务历时估算过长、资源冲突情况严重、项目延期率高等问题。然后,通过 采用关键路径 法(CPM)、计划评审技术(PERT)和微服务结合的方法,在制定 进度计划时,使活动任务估算时长更合理、任务和责任更明确、资源使用更合理。 其次,从项目进度监控、进度 偏差分析、进度方案调整来改善项目进度控制,指 出A软件项目存在的项目进度管理方面存在的诸如“学生综合症”、“帕金森综合 征”等问题。然后通过设置缓冲区的方法改善 项目进度控制质量,再结合微服务, 为出现进度偏差、需求变化等情况时提供解决方案和措施。最后,从工作分解结 构、任务分配、工期估算、资源约束、进度偏差处理等方面 做绩效评估,对比分 析采用关键链、缓冲区、微服务对A项目进度管理的改善效果,实现了奖惩易落 实、活动任务历时估算更科学、降低资源冲突发生概率、降低需求变化对项目 的 影响程度,使整个项目工期缩短了近20%。 本文通过对A项目进度管理改善的方法,有效的解决了A项目存在的问题。 A项目存在的问题在H公司的项目中有一定的代表性和普遍 性,A项目的改善方 法和措施,对提升H公司项目进度管理质量,解决项目团队成员积极性不高、绩 效形式化、奖惩措施难落实、项目工期不合理、项目延期多的情况,有一定的 借 鉴作用和参考价值。 关键词:软件项目,进度管理,微服务,缓冲 ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT With the development of electronic information technology, software projects become more complex, and the difficulty of project management is also increased, resulting in project delay, cost rise and other issues. Enterprises must improve the quality of software project management, shorten the period of software project development, reduce the risk of project delay and cost of development, and improve the competitiveness of products. At present, there are many problems in software project management in company H where the author works. Many software projects fail to be delivered to customers on time because of delaying completion, resulting in customer dissatisfaction, loss of market opportunities and corporate income has declined again and again. Therefore, this paper attempts to use the theory and method of project schedule management combined with microservice to solve the problem of software project delay in company H. First of all, this paper takes the software project of company H as the research objective, analyzes the existing problems of a project, such as long construction period, resource conflict, high delay rate, etc. Then, by using the method of CPM, PERT and microservice, we can make the time of activity task estimation more reasonable, the task and responsibility more clear, and the resource use more reasonable. Secondly, through the schedule monitoring, progress deviation analysis and schedule scheme adjustment to improve the control level of project. It is found out that there are some problems in the project progress management of a software project, such as "student syndrome", "Parkinson's syndrome" and so on. Then, the quality of project schedule control is improved by setting a buffer zone, combined with microservice, in order to meet the schedule deviation and demand Provide solutions and measures in case of changes, etc. Finally, performance evaluation is made from the aspects of work breakdown structure, task allocation, duration estimation, resource constraints, schedule deviation, etc. through comparative analysis of the improvement effect of using CCM, buffer zone and micro service on the schedule management of project, it is realized that rewards and punishments are easy to be implemented, activity task duration estimation is more scientific, the probability of resource conflict is reduced, and the impact of demand change on the project is reduced The construction period of the whole project has been ABSTRACT III shortened by nearly 20%. In this paper, we try to find a method, which can be effectively solving the problems of project by improvement of project schedule management. The existing problems of project A are representative and universal in the projects of company H. The improvement methods and measures of project A are of certain reference value to improve the quality of project schedule management of company H, and to solve the problems of low enthusiasm of project team members, formalization of performance, difficult implementation of rewards and punishments, unreasonable project duration and many project delays. Key words: Software Project, Schedule Management, Micro Service, Buffer 目录 IV 目录 第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景、目的与意义 ..................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 研究背景 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究目的 .................................................................................................. 3 1.1.3 研究意义 .................................................................................................. 3 1.2 本文研究方法与研究思路 ................................................................................. 4 1.2.1 研究方法 .................................................................................................. 4 1.2.2 研究思路 .................................................................................................. 5 1.3 本文研究内容 ..................................................................................................... 6 1.4 创新之处 ............................................................................................................. 7 第二章 相关研究现状分析 ............................................................................................ 8 2.1 项目进度管理研究现状分析 ............................................................................. 8 2.1.1 项目进度管理概念和理论基础 .............................................................. 8 2.1.2 项目进度管理其他理论现状分析 ........................................................ 10 2.2 微服务研究现状分析 ....................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 微服务概述 ............................................................................................ 12 2.2.2 微服务的发展现状分析 ........................................................................ 13 2.3 本章小结 ........................................................................................................... 15 第三章 A项目进度管理的现状与问题分析 .............................................................. 16 3.1 A项目进度管理的现状分析 ............................................................................ 16 3.1.1 项目工作分解结构 ................................................................................ 16 3.1.2 A项目活动排序 ...................................................................................... 17 3.1.3 A项目活动历时估算 ............................................................................. 18 3.1.4 A项目关键路径的确认 ......................................................................... 19 3.1.5 A项目计划的制定 ................................................................................. 20 3.1.6 A项目计划控制和实施 ......................................................................... 21 3.2 A项目进度管理的问题分析 ........................................................