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朝阳沟油田翻188-122区块开发布井方案可行性研究报告

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大庆油田是我国第一大油田,从发现以来,经过几十年的开发已经进入了高含水的 后期,油水分布关系情况零散、复杂、多变,剩余油的勘探和开发愈发困难。在能源危 机的大环境下,稳产是当务之急,所以对低渗透、特低渗透油藏进行更进一步深度合理 的开发显得势在必行。大庆外围油田断层密集、砂体规模小、油水分布复杂,目前国内对 于低渗透油藏研究仍处于摸索阶段,并不十分成熟。在机理性方面,对特低渗透油田开 发也还没有能够很好解决问题的成熟、成型理论出现。如何对井网进行合理的加密,提 高低渗透、超低渗透油田采收率显得至关重要。 朝阳沟油田是大庆外围开发最早的特低渗透油藏。本文以区块沉积相研究、井震结 合预测砂体技术研究,构造等地质特征的研究成果为指导,结合区块的试油成果和临近 已开发区产能动态情况,以及邻近北部已动用区块的开发效果及超前注水技术的应用, 根据区块砂体的规模及走向和人工裂缝发育情况,通过油藏工程计算和数值模拟方法研 究,确定了合理井网方式、井排距,进而能够建立起有效驱动体系,提高水驱控制程度, 实现区块经济有效开发。本文以经济效益为中心,优选了储层物性好、油层发育、试油 产量高的翻 188-122 区块进行了开发布井实施方案可行性研究,对 109 口开发井进行井 位布署。研究结果表明,研究区具有很好的开发价值和经济效益,同时为以后开发低渗 透、特低渗透油藏提供了经验和依据。 关键词,低渗透油藏,井网加密,油藏工程,数值模拟,经济评价 报告类型,应用研究 (本报告来源于大庆油田有限责任公司第十采油厂勘探开发部设立的《朝阳沟油田翻 188-122 区块开发布井方案》科研项目的一部分)III Subject , The Feasibility Study on Pattern of Well During Development in Fan 188-122 Block of Chaoyanggou Oilfield Speciality, Geological Engineering Name , Zhang Shiyi (signature) Instructor,Yao Zhigang (signature ) ABSTRACT Daqing oilfield is the biggest one in our country, since discovered,which has entered the stage of high water after decades of development.Because of the fragmented, complex and changeable distribution of oil and water relationship, the exploration and development of oil remaining more difficult in oilfield. Under the circumstance of energy crisis, stability is a pressing matter of the moment to oilfield, so it's imperative to accelerate the low permeability and the extra low permeability reservoir development in further depth reasonably. In peripheral oil fields of Daqing,fault is concentrated,sand body is insmall scale ,and the distribution of oil and water is complex.The current research for low permeability reservoir is still in the exploratory stage, which is not very mature. In the mechanism, there is not mature and forming theory for the extra low permeability oil field development which can be able to solve the actual problem well.How to reasonably implement the well pattern thickening, improve the low permeability and the extra low permeability oilfield recovery ratio is vital. Chaoyanggou Oilfield is the earlist developed extra low permeability reservoir in Daqing peripheral area.This paper is based on block sedimentary facies study, combination of well and seismic, tectonic and other geological feature research results,combining with the oil test results and approaches developed area capacity dynamic blocks, and the application of adjacent northern part which has been utilized to block development effect and advanced water injection technology.According to the development scale and direction of block sand body and artificial fractures, with the method of the calculation of reservoir engineering and numerical simulation, reasonable well pattern and well spacing are determined, and the effective drive system can established in further,as a result of the improvement of control degree of water flooding and effective development of the block. In this paper, the economic benefits is in top priority.The Fan 188-122 block is preferably chosen because of a good reservoir properties, reservoir development and high test oil yield ,which is for the feasibility study on the development of well pattern.Well location deployment of 109 development wells is carried out.Obviously,the result of the studying area shows a fairly bright and executable economic prospect,at the same time providing experience and basis for the future developmentIV of low permeability and extra low permeability reservoir. Keywords:Low permeability reservoir,Well pattern thickening,Reservoir engineering,Numerical simulation,Economic evaluation Thesis: Application StudyV 目录 第一章 序论 ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究的目的及意义 .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2.1 国内国外低渗透油田开发现状............................................................................................ 1 1.2.2 朝阳沟油田目前开发现状、存在的主要矛盾及对策 ........................................................ 3 1.3 研究内容及思路 .............................................................................................................................. 6 1.4 题目来源 .......................................................................................................................................... 7 第二章 油田概况............................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 地理位置及自然地理环境............................................................................................................... 8 2.2 勘探、开发历程 ............................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 勘探简况................................................................................................................................ 9 2.2.2 油田开发简况...................................................................................................................... 10 2.3 本次部署简况 ................................................................................................................................. 12 第三章 油田地质特征.................................................................................................................................. 13 3.1 区域地质简况 ................................................................................................................................ 13 3.1.1 区域构造特征...................................................................................................................... 13 3.1.2 地层简况.............................................................................................................................. 13 3.2 构造特征 ........................................................................................................................................ 15 3.2.1 构造、断裂特征.................................................................................................................. 15 3.2.2 构造发育史.......................................................................................................................... 16 3.3 储层特征 ........................................................................................................................................ 17 3.3.1 地层及油层组划分对比....................................................................................................... 17 3.3.2 沉积特征.............................................................................................................................. 17 3.3.3 砂岩和有效厚度分布特征.................................................................................................. 18 3.3.4 储层岩性和物性特征.......................................................................................................... 27 3.4 油藏特征 ........................................................................................................................................ 28 3.4.1 油水分布和油藏类型.......................................................................................................... 28 3.4.2 流体性质.............................................................................................................................. 31 3.4.3 压力与温度.......................................................................................................................... 32 第四章 油藏动态特征.................................................................................................................................. 34 4.1 产能评价 ........................................................................................................................................ 34 4.1.1 探井、评价井产能.............................................................................................................. 34 4.1.2 试油井试采生产情况.......................................................................................................... 34 4.1.3 邻近开发区块初期产能...................................................................................................... 35 4.1.4 布井区产能综合评价.......................................................................................................... 40 4.2 油藏吸水能力 ................................................................................................................................ 40 4.3 油藏天然能量 ................................................................................................................................ 42 4.3.1 油藏弹性能量...................................................................................................................... 42 4.3.2 溶解气能量.......................................................................................................................... 42 4.3.3 边、底水能量...................................................................................................................... 43VI 第五章 油藏工程设计..................................................................................................................................44 5.1 开发层系......................................................................................................................................... 44 5.2 开发方式......................................................................................................................................... 44 5.3 布井方式......................................................................................................................................... 44 5.3.1 水平井优点及适用条件分析 .............................................................................................. 44 5.3.2 布井区井型确定 .................................................................................................................. 45 5.4 经济有效厚度下限......................................................................................................................... 45 5.5 布井区块优选原则和结果............................................................................................................. 47 5.5.1 布井区块优选原则 .............................................................................................................. 47 5.5.2 布井区块优选结果 .............................................................................................................. 48 5.6 注水方式和时机............................................................................................................................. 52 5.7 压力界限......................................................................................................................................... 52 5.7.1 注水井最高注入压力 .......................................................................................................... 52 5.7.2 采油井合理流动压力 .......................................................................................................... 53 5.8 开发井网设计................................................................................................................................. 54 5.8.1 井排方向.............................................................................................................................. 54 5.8.2 井网形式.............................................................................................................................. 55 5.8.3 井距、排距 .......................................................................................................................... 55 R=171.8+0.53K.............................................................................................................................................. 57 5.8.4 井网优化设计 ...................................................................................................................... 57 5.9 井位部署......................................................................................................................................... 59 5.9.1 布井区域优选原则 .............................................................................................................. 59 5.9.2 井位设计结果 ...................................................................................................................... 59 5.10 开发指标预测............................................................................................................................... 61 5.10.1 递减率指标预测 ................................................................................................................ 61 5.10.2 十年开发指标预测 ............................................................................................................ 62 5.10.3 采收率预测 ........................................................................................................................ 63 第六章 经济效益评价..................................................................................................................................64 6.1 经济评价参数................................................................................................................................. 64 6.2 经济评价结果................................................................................................................................. 64 6.3 开发方案部署风险分析................................................................................................................. 65 第七章 方案实施要求..................................................................................................................................66 7.1 钻井要求......................................................................................................................................... 66 7.1.1 井控程度要求 ...................................................................................................................... 66 7.1.2 钻井顺序.............................................................................................................................. 66 7.1.3 完钻井深.............................................................................................................................. 66 7.1.4 钻井液.................................................................................................................................. 66 7.1.5 下套管原则 .......................................................................................................................... 66 7.2 测井要求......................................................................................................................................... 66 7.3 录井要求......................................................................................................................................... 67 7.4 完井要求......................................................................................................................................... 67 7.5 射孔要求......................................................................................................................................... 67 7.6 压裂要求......................................................................................................................................... 67 7.7 投产及注水要求............................................................................................................................. 67 7.8 安全环保要求................................................................................................................................. 68 7.9 现场监督要求................................................................................................................................. 68 第八章 结论..................................................................................................................................................69 致谢................................................................................................................................................................70