陇东地区天然气利用项目的建设能优化陇东的能源结构，提高当地及工业园区的招商 引资环境，对于促进能源结构优化和产业结构调整，带动工业经济腾飞具有重要意义。从 气田引接天然气，既能减少原油消耗、提高原油商品量，又能提高天然气销量，促进油田 发展。本报告坚持“经济实用，运行可靠，安全环保”的基本原则，降低地面建设投资，提 高效益。 本报告通过全面的市场调研，分析了陇东地区的资源状况和市场情况，预测了未来市 场的用气需求量和资源风险。通过对管网的适应性分析以及未来市场的供需平衡分析，经 过方案对比，选择线路走向，管道规格和输气压力。根据陇东地区的实际地形和当地情况 进行局部方案对比，选择最佳线路走向方案，根据规范对管线进行了相关设计；其次采用 PIPELINE STUDIO 对新建管网运行工况，管道适应性和事故工况进行模拟计算；根据线 路用管选型原则，在强度计算的基础上确定了管型和钢级，并进行了强度和稳定性校核。 按照规范进行管道防腐，并采用 TGNET 模拟有无内涂层的方案进行对比，外涂层辅以阴 极保护联合保护措施。最后本工程严格遵守输气管道工程设计规范对该工程进行完整的设 计。 本课题开展的技术方案研究对陇东地区天然气利用工程的设计具有重要的指导意义。 关键词：天然气，输气管线，技术方案，工程设计，天然气利用； 报告类型：应用研究III Subject ： Feasibility study on pilot production and utilization of natural gas in X area of longdong gas field Speciality：Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering Name ： Wang Zhe (signature) Instructor：Deng Zhian (signature ) Bai Junsheng(signature ) ABSTRACT The construction of natural gas utilization project in longdong regions can optimize the energy structure of longdong and improve the environment for attracting investment of local and industrial parks, which is of great significance for promoting the optimization of energy structure and the adjustment of industrial structure and driving the rapid development of industrial economy.Diverting natural gas from gas fields can not only reduce the consumption of crude oil and increase the commodity amount of crude oil, but also increase the sales volume of natural gas and promote the development of oilfield.This paper adheres to the basic principles of economic and practical, reliable operation, safety and environmental protection, reduces the investment in ground construction and improves the efficiency. Through a comprehensive market research, this paper analyzes the resource situation and market situation in Longdong region, and predicts the future market demand for gas and resource risk. Through the analysis of the adaptability of pipeline network and the balance of supply and demand in the future market, through the comparison of schemes, the lines trend, pipeline specifications and gas transmission pressure are selected.First of all, according to the actual landform and local conditions in Longdong area to compare the local scheme, choose the best route to the scheme, according to the specifications of the pipeline design.Secondly, PIPELINE STUDIO is used to simulate the operation condition, pipeline adaptability and accident condition of the new pipeline network.According to the principle of selection of pipe type, the pipe type and steel grade are determined on the basis of strength calculation, and the strength and stability are checked.Pipeline anticorrosion was carried out according to the specifications, and TGNET was used to simulate the scheme with or without inner coating for comparison, and the outer coating was supplemented by cathodic protection combined protection measures.Finally, the project strictly abides by the gas pipeline engineering design specifications for the complete design of the project.The research on the technical scheme of this project has important guiding significance for the design of natural gas utilization project in Longdong region. Keywords： natural gas，gas transmission pipeline，technical scheme，engineering design,natural gas utilization; Thesis：Application ResearchII 目 录 第一章 绪论...........................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景...................................................................................................................1 1.1.1 项目建设背景........................................................................................................1 1.1.2 项目建设的必要性................................................................................................1 1.2 研究目的...................................................................................................................2 1.3 国内外研究现状.......................................................................................................3 1.4 研究范围及内容.......................................................................................................5 1.4.1 研究范围................................................................................................................5 1.4.2 设计内容................................................................................................................5 第二章 气源分析...................................................................................................................6 2.1 资源情况...................................................................................................................6 2.1.1 资源........................................................................................................................6 2.1.2 庆探-1#井区（国内资源）...................................................................................6 2.1.3 西气东输二线（国外资源）................................................................................7 2.1.4 井口零散气............................................................................................................8 2.2 天然气性质...............................................................................................................9 第三章 市场分析.................................................................................................................11 3.1 目标市场的选择.....................................................................................................11 3.1.1 行政区划分及经济情况......................................................................................12 3.1.2 天然气利用现状..................................................................................................13 3.1.3 主要目标市场......................................................................................................13 3.2 天然气市场需求及需求预测.................................................................................16 3.2.1 天然气需求..........................................................................................................16 3.2.2 用气量预测..........................................................................................................17 3.2.3 用气量分析..........................................................................................................19 3.2.4 管道输气量的确定..............................................................................................19 3.3 价格承受能力分析.................................................................................................20 3.3.1 天然气价格..........................................................................................................20 3.3.2 替代能力分析......................................................................................................20 3.3.3 市场承受能力......................................................................................................20 3.4 市场风险分析.........................................................................................................21 3.4.1 市场风险..............................................................................................................21 3.4.2 风险防范策略......................................................................................................21 第四章 供配气方案.............................................................................................................23 4.1 供配气原则.............................................................................................................23 4.2 供需平衡分析.........................................................................................................23 4.3 气量分配方案.........................................................................................................23 4.4 用气不均匀性分析.................................................................................................24 第五章 管道线路工程.........................................................................................................29 5.1 线路走向.................................................................................................................29 5.1.1 线路走向方案选择原则......................................................................................29 5.1.2 线路走向方案......................................................................................................29VII 5.1.3 方案比选..............................................................................................................31 5.2 线路走向推荐方案.................................................................................................33 5.2.1 推荐线路走向......................................................................................................33 5.2.2 沿线社会、自然环境和工程地质概况..............................................................35 5.3 管道敷设.................................................................................................................39 5.3.1 管道敷设原则......................................................................................................39 5.3.2 一般地段管道敷设..............................................................................................39 5.3.3 特殊地段管道敷设..............................................................................................40 5.4 管道穿越.................................................................................................................40 5.4.1 穿越工程概况......................................................................................................40 5.4.2 管道穿越..............................................................................................................43 5.5 线路附属设施.........................................................................................................46 5.5.1 线路截断阀室......................................................................................................46 5.5.2 固定推力支墩的设置..........................................................................................47 5.5.3 管道标志桩、警示牌及特殊安全保护设施......................................................47 5.5.4 水工保护..............................................................................................................48 5.5.5 道路工程..............................................................................................................48 5.6 线路安全防护.........................................................................................................53 5.7 主要工程量.............................................................................................................54 第六章 输气工艺.................................................................................................................56 6.1 工艺参数.................................................................................................................56 6.1.1 设计输量及沿线分输量......................................................................................56 6.1.2 基础数据..............................................................................................................56 6.2 工艺系统计算.........................................................................................................58 6.2.1 计算公式和计算内容..........................................................................................58 6.2.2 工艺分析..............................................................................................................60 6.2.3 输气工艺方案......................................................................................................65 6.2.4 最优管道方案校核..............................................................................................70 6.3 管道适应性分析.....................................................................................................71 6.3.1 管道储气能力......................................................................................................71 6.3.2 管道最大输气能力分析......................................................................................73 6.4 事故工况分析.........................................................................................................75 6.4.1 泄漏事故工况分析..............................................................................................75 6.4.2 管道带压堵漏方案..............................................................................................80 第七章 线路用管.................................................................................................................82 7.1 管材等级选择.........................................................................................................82 7.1.1 设计条件及计算参数..........................................................................................82 7.1.2 钢管管型选择......................................................................................................82 7.1.3 钢级选择..............................................................................................................82 7.2 管道强度及稳定性校核.........................................................................................83 7.2.1 强度校核..............................................................................................................83 7.2.2 稳定性校核..........................................................................................................84 7.2.3 抗震校核..............................................................................................................85 第八章 输气站场.................................................................................................................86II 8.1 站场设置.................................................................................................................86 8.2 站场工艺.................................................................................................................86 8.2.1 庆-1 集气站扩建..................................................................................................86 8.2.2 西峰门站扩建......................................................................................................90 8.2.3 蔡家庙门站/驿马门站.........................................................................................92 8.2.4 截断阀室..............................................................................................................92 8.2.5 井口 CNG ............................................................................................................94 8.3 主要工程量.............................................................................................................96 第九章 管道防腐.................................................................................................................97 9.1 基础资料.................................................................................................................97 9.1.1 现场资料..............................................................................................................97 9.1.2 工艺资料..............................................................................................................97 9.2 防腐层的选择.........................................................................................................97 9.2.1 管道外防腐层......................................................................................................97 9.2.2 补口材料的选用..................................................................................................98 9.2.3 站场内的管道防腐..............................................................................................98 9.2.4 站内管道及设备保温..........................................................................................98 9.3 阴极保护...............................................................................................................101 9.3.1 阴极保护计算....................................................................................................101 9.3.2 线路阴极保护系统............................................................................................102 9.3.3 线路阴极保护测试系统....................................................................................103 9.3.4 阴极保护电绝缘与电连续................................................................................103 9.4 干扰防护...............................................................................................................104 9.4.1 交流电流干扰防护方案比选............................................................................104 9.4.2 交流干扰保护方案............................................................................................105 9.5 主要工作量...........................................................................................................105 第十章 辅助工程...............................................................................................................106 10.1 自控系统.............................................................................................................106 10.1.1 控制水平..........................................................................................................106 10.1.2 自动控制系统方案..........................................................................................106 10.1.3 仪表选型..........................................................................................................108 10.1.4 流量计量系统..................................................................................................108 10.1.5 控制室..............................................................................................................108 10.1.6 仪表供电及接地..............................................................................................109 10.1.7 自控仪表部分工程量......................................................................................109 10.2 通信工程.............................................................................................................110 10.2.1 概况..................................................................................................................110 10.2.2 通信业务需求..................................................................................................111 10.2.3 通信方案..........................................................................................................112 10.2.4 主要工程量......................................................................................................113 10.3 供配电工程.........................................................................................................114 10.3.1 站场电力现状及附近电源情况......................................................................114 10.3.2 用电负荷分级及负荷统计..............................................................................114 10.3.3 供配电系统......................................................................................................115VII 10.3.4 防雷、防静电..................................................................................................117 10.3.5 主要工程量......................................................................................................117 10.4 公用工程.............................................................................................................118 10.4.1 总图..................................................................................................................118 10.4.2 建筑与结构......................................................................................................124 10.4.3 维修与抢修......................................................................................................125 10.5 消防.....................................................................................................................127 10.5.1 消防概括及设计原则......................................................................................127 10.5.2 概括..................................................................................................................128 10.6 建设用地.............................................................................................................128 10.7 节能.....................................................................................................................129 10.8 环境保护.............................................................................................................130 10.8.1 管道沿线的环境状况......................................................................................130 10.8.2 环境影响分析..................................................................................................131 10.8.3 环境保护措施..................................................................................................133 10.8.4 环境影响结论..................................................................................................134 10.9 安全.....................................................................................................................135 10.9.1 工程危险、有害因素分析..............................................................................135 10.9.2 自然灾害、社会危害因素分析......................................................................136 10.9.3 危险、有害因素防范与治理措施..................................................................137 10.9.4 预期效果..........................................................................................................138 第十一章 投资估算和经济性评价...................................................................................139 11.1 投资估算.............................................................................................................139 11.1.1 编制范围..........................................................................................................139 11.1.2 投资估算编制依据及编制方法......................................................................139 11.1.3 投资估算..........................................................................................................139 11.2 经济性评价.........................................................................................................140 11.2.1 财务分析..........................................................................................................140 11.2.2 经济性评价基础数据......................................................................................140 11.2.3 财务评价..........................................................................................................140 第十二章 主要结论与建议...............................................................................................144 12.1 主要研究结论.....................................................................................................144 12.2 存在的问题和建议.............................................................................................145 致谢.....................................................................................................................................146