汇编出版。 本学位报告属于 1、保密□，在______年解密后适用本授权书。 2、不保密。（请在以上相应√方框内打“√”）I 摘要 国家历来高度重视青少年体质健康，近年来更是不断的驱动一系列政策拓宽青少年 健康促进的途径。2016 年青少年被列为实施促进体育活动推行相关的激励计划开展的重 点人群，通过全面推进体医结合，强化科学健身指导，踊跃推行涵盖全生命周期的运动 健康服务，发扬运动学科与医学学科结合的方式，全面提升青少年体质健康。青少年的 体质健康问题直接影响我国全民健康的实现，学校体医结合体育教学是提高中小学生身 体素质、培养学生运动能力、提早预防慢性疾病、促进学生安全科学健身从而形成终身 体育意识的重要抓手。 本文通过在中国知网、万方数据库等相关的渠道搜集大量的文献资料，以中小学生 《体育与健康》课程标准为参考依据，主要采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、访谈法、实 地调查法等研究方法，通过对咸阳市秦都区 6 所中小学校的管理者、体育教师和学生进 行关于学校实施体医融合的认知情况、体育师资队伍、学校场地设施及管理、学校体育 教学经费的来源及投入等多个方面进行调查统计研究，运用体医结合相关理论基础，结 合咸阳市秦都区中小学体育教学发展现状，从理论上对咸阳市秦都区实施体医融合教学 的可能性和必要性进行梳理和分析，找出当前咸阳市秦都区中小学实施体医融合中存在 的不足。对咸阳市秦都区 6 所中小学校的管理者采用访谈法进行关于学校实施体医融合 认知情况的调查，通过整理访谈记录，归纳、总结出学校管理者对学校实施体医融合体 育教学的看法；采用问卷调查法对教师和学生分别进行关于体医融合了解程度及途径、 教学理念、教学内容选择、教学模式选用等几个方面的认知情况进行调查分析。体育师 资队伍建设调查，主要从体育教师的性别、年龄、专业、学历、职称结构、教学量及工 资待遇等几个方面进行调查，了解咸阳市秦都区体育教师师资队伍现状是否满足学校实 施体医融合教学的条件；对咸阳市秦都区的实施体医融合体育教学保障条件，主要是对 学校现有的场地设施、领导对学校体育的重视程度、学校体育教学经费投入等方面情况 来进行调查，分析咸阳市秦都区中小学校实施体医融合教学的可行性。通过对以上几个 方面各个部分的调查分析，结果表明，咸阳市秦都区中小学校体育教学现状符合学校实 施体医融合教学的条件，同时也存在一些不足之处，需要进一步的完善，提出以下建议： 学校需要加大对体医融合的宣传力度，可以通过校园广播、网络、海报等宣传手段，让 学生充分了解到体医融合的意义与作用，为学生形成“体医融合”锻炼意识打下基础，同II 时也为学校顺利开展“体医融合”教学做准备；加强学校管理者对体育教学的重视程度， 学校管理者对体育教学的认识直接影响学校对体育教育资金的投入额度、学校场地更新 与维护的速度、教师工作的积极性等，因此加强学校管理者对学校体育的重视程度，对 实行“体医融合”改革教学有积极影响；定期对体育教师队伍进行培训，体育教师作为体 育教学的实施者和引导者，其专业技能与理论知识、科学文化素养等直接影响教学质量， 中小学体育教学不仅要改善学生体质、促进学生健康，还要教会学生安全、科学的运动 方式，形成学生终身体育意识；完善学校体医融合课程设置，合理的课程安排，是达到 体医融合教学目标的有效保障。 关键词：咸阳市秦都区；中小学；体医融合；体育教学；必要性；可行性III Abstract The state has always attached great importance to the physical health of adolescents.In recent years,it has been driving a series of policies to broaden the ways of promoting adolescent health.In 2016, adolescents were listed as the key group to implement the incentive plan to promote sports activities.Through promoting the integration of physical education and medicine,strengthening scientific fitness guidance,actively promoting sports health services covering the whole life cycle,promoting the way of sports and medical disciplines,and improving the physical health of adolescents..Physical health problems of adolescents directly affect the realization of national health in our country.Physical education combined with physical education in schools is an important way to improve the physical quality of primary and secondary school students,cultivate their sports ability, prevent chronic diseases early,and promote students'safety and scientific fitness so as to form lifelong sports consciousness. This paper collects a large number of documents and materials through the relevant channels such as China HowNet and Wanfang database.Based on the curriculum standard of Physical Education and Health for primary and secondary school students,this paper mainly adopts the methods of documentation,logical analysis,interview and field investigation,and carries out the research on schools through the administrators,physical education teachers and students of six primary and secondary schools in Qindu District of Xianyang City.Investigation and statistics were carried out in many aspects, such as the awareness of the implementation of sports doctor integration,the team of sports teachers,school facilities and management,the source and investment of school sports teaching funds,etc. Based on the theory of combination of physical education and medicine and the current situation of physical education teaching in primary and secondary schools in Qindu District of Xianyang City,the possibility and necessity of implementing the integration of physical education and medicine in Qindu District of Xianyang City are sorted out and analyzed theoretically,and the existing problems in the implementation of the integration of physical education and medicine in primary and secondary schools in Qindu District of Xianyang City are found out. The managers of six primary and secondary schools in Qindu District of Xianyang City used the interview method to investigate the cognitive situation of the implementation of physicalIV education integration in schools.By sorting out the interview records,the author summarized and summarized the views of school managers on the implementation of physical education integration in schools.The questionnaire survey method was used to investigate the understanding level and ways of physical education integration,teaching concepts and teaching of teachers and students respectively.This paper investigates and analyses the cognizance of content selection,teaching mode selection and other aspects.The investigation on the construction of physical education teachers mainly includes the gender,age,specialty, educational background,professional title structure, teaching quantity and salary of physical education teachers,to find out whether the present situation of physical education teachers in Qindu District of Xianyang City meets the conditions for the implementation of integrated physical education in schools,and the guarantee conditions for the implementation of integrated physical education in Qindu District of Xianyang City are mainly as follows:This paper investigates the existing school facilities, the leadership's attention to school physical education and the investment of school physical education teaching funds, and analyses the feasibility of implementing integrated teaching of physical education and medicine in primary and secondary schools in Qindu District of Xianyang City.Through the investigation and analysis of the above aspects, the results show that the present situation of physical education teaching in primary and secondary schools in Qindu District of Xianyang City is in line with the conditions of implementing integrated physical education in schools.At the same time, there are some shortcomings,which need to be further improved.The following suggestions are put forward: schools need to strengthen the propaganda of integrated physical education, which can be propagated through campus broadcasting, network, posters and so on.Means, let students fully understand the significance and role of the integration of physical education and medicine,lay the foundation for students to form the exercise consciousness of integration of physical education and medicine,and also prepare for the smooth implementation of integration of physical education and medicine teaching in schools; strengthen the attention of school administrators to physical education,school administrators understanding of physical education directly affects the amount of investment in physical education funds and schools. The speed of site renewal and maintenance,the enthusiasm of teachers work, etc.V Therefore, strengthening school administrators' attention to school physical education has a positive impact on the implementation of integration of physical education and medicine reform teaching;regular training of physical education teachers,physical education teachers as implementer and guiders of physical education teaching,their professional skills and theoretical knowledge,scientific and cultural literacy directly affect teaching.The quality of learning,physical education teaching in primary and secondary schools should not only improve students physique and promote students' health,but also teach students safe and scientific ways of sports to form students lifelong sports consciousness.Improving the curriculum of school physical integration and reasonable curriculum arrangement are the effective guarantee to achieve the goal of physical integration teaching. Key words:Qindu District,Xianyang City; primary and secondary school; integration of physical and medicine; physical education; necessity; feasibility studyVII 目 录 第 1 章 引言 .............................................................. 1 1.1 选题依据.......................................................................................................................1 1.2 研究意义.......................................................................................................................2 1.2.1 理论意义..............................................................................................................2 1.2.2 应用价值..............................................................................................................2 1.3 研究现状.......................................................................................................................3 1.3.1 国内研究现状......................................................................................................3 1.3.2 国外文献综述......................................................................................................6 第 2 章 研究对象与方法..........................................................................................................9 2.1 研究对象.......................................................................................................................9 2.2 研究方法.......................................................................................................................9 2.2.1 文献资料法..........................................................................................................9 2.2.2 问卷调查法..........................................................................................................9 2.2.3 观察法................................................................................................................11 2.2.4 访谈法................................................................................................................11 2.2.5 数理统计法........................................................................................................11 2.2.6 逻辑分析法........................................................................................................11 第 3 章 体医融合的概念、实施需具备的条件及必要性....................................................13 3.1 体医融合概念.............................................................................................................13 3.1.1 体医融合的含义................................................................................................13 3.1.2 学校体医融合的概念........................................................................................14 3.2 学校“体医融合”实施需具备的条件..........................................................................14 3.2.1 学校“体医融合”教学实施需要正确认识其作用.............................................14 3.2.2 学校“体医融合”教学实施需要以“新课程标准”为指导.................................15 3.2.3 学校“体医融合”教学实施需要遵守的原则.....................................................16 3.2.4 学校“体医融合”教学实施需要具备的教学内容.............................................17VIII 3.2.5 学校“体医融合”教学实施需要的教学成果评估方式.....................................17 3.2.6 学校“体医融合”教学实施需要的师资储备及场地条件.................................17 3.3 咸阳市秦都区中小学体医融合的必要性..................................................................18 3.3.1 国家政策的推行带动学校体育教学改革.........................................................18 3.3.2 完善当前学校体育教学内容.............................................................................19 3.3.3 建设健康校园的需要.........................................................................................19 3.3.4 加强学生自我健康管理的重要手段.................................................................20 3.3.5 推动大众体育的发展.........................................................................................20 第 4 章 咸阳市秦都区中小学校体育实施“体医融合”可行性分析.....................................23 4.1 咸阳市秦都区中小学校“体医融合”认知情况调查分析..........................................23 4.1.1 咸阳市秦都区中小学校管理者对“体医融合”的认知情况.............................23 4.1.2 咸阳市秦都区中小学校教师对“体医融合”的认知情况.................................23 4.1.3 咸阳市秦都区中小学校学生对“体医融合”的认知情况.................................27 4.2 咸阳市秦都区中小学校“体医融合”教学的软件条件..............................................28 4.2.1 咸阳市秦都区中小学“体医融合”教学领导的重视程度.................................28 4.2.2 咸阳市秦都区中小学“体医融合”教学体育师资队伍.....................................29 4.3 咸阳市秦都区中小学校实施“体医融合”教学的硬件条件......................................32 4.3.1 咸阳市秦都区中小学校实施“体医融合”教学体育场地设施状况.................32 4.3.2 咸阳市秦都区中小学校实施“体医融合”教学经费保障状况.........................32 第 5 章 结论与建议.................................................................................................................35 5.1 结论..............................................................................................................................35 5.2 建议.............................................................................................................................35 5.2.1 学校要加大对体医融合的宣传力度.................................................................35 5.2.2 加强学校管理者对体育教学的重视程度.........................................................36 5.2.3 定期对体育教师队伍进行培训.........................................................................36 5.2.4 完善学校体医融合课程设置.............................................................................36 5.2.5 完善学校体育场地设施与教材.........................................................................36IX