本文以上海某印染厂的印染废水为对象,深入调查该印染厂产品 品种!原辅料使用情况!印染废水来源!废水水质!水量等情况在 比较国内外印染废水处理及回用技术,并通过调研江浙一带印染厂印 染废水处理及回用情况的基础上,提出了较为合理!成熟的处理及回 用工艺本试验通过对经厌氧酸化一好氧接触氧化后的印染废水,再 经过生物活性碳处理后出水,将其回用于生产工艺中,分析其回用可 行性 在生物活性炭深度处理优化阶段,考察了不同滤速和不同炭层高 度对废水处理效果的影响结果分析,最佳的滤速范围为.05一.25 L/h,在此滤速范围内,COD!色度!氨氮去除率基本维持在70%一 90%,浊度去除率基本维持在45%左右;COD!色度!55!浊度去 除率在炭层70Omm以上变化趋势变缓,而在炭层300mm一900mm处 DO利用率最高,氨氮去除率最大,由此确定最佳炭层高度为 70Omm一gO0mm 在将回用水用于生产工艺试验研究中,回用水用于染整生产工艺 的前工序中还是具有比较好的处理效果,回用于前工序中有一定的可 行性而在染整工艺后段工序染色工序中,主要对织物的颜色特征和 染色牢度进行了比较由结果分析,该回用水是可以应用于染整生产 工艺中的,但是其对染色性能和牢度的影响随染料而异,主要表现在 染色织物的颜色特征方面的变化;用回用水处理织物,染色的深浅程度对色差的影响比较大,两种不同回用水质处理的情况下,深色织物 的染色效果优于浅色织物在织物的染色牢度测试中,回用水的处理 均达到了较好的效果,说明相对于织物的颜色特征,水质的不同品质 对于处理后织物的牢度特征影响比较小 由试验结果分析可知,回用水用于冲厕!设备清洗!道路清洗等 杂用以及用于循环冷却水中,需要进一步增加加氯等消毒设施,但药 剂的投加量应使得出水水质中氯化物等指标控制在标准范围内将回 用水用于染整生产工艺中前段工序是可行的,在后段工序中,对于深 色织物的印染,其质量差异很难通过肉眼分辨,但用于浅色织物的印 染,还需要有待进一步研究 根据试验数据,通过工艺计算得经深度处理后每年可减少支出 8.442万元,直接经济效益33.19万元,同时,每年还可以节水67.0 万m3,回用工程总投资为52.55万元,投产19个月后即能收回成本, 19个月后每月收回经济效益2.8万元,并可将绝大部分废水回收利用, 节约了水资源 关键词:印染废水,生物活性碳,深度处理,回用THESTUDYOFADVANCETREAI,MENTAND FESIBILITYOFDYING认人STE认叭T,ER ABSTRACT ThisartieletakesthewastewaterofadyingandPrintingPlantin Shanghaiasanobjeet.Throughinestigatingthoroughlythevarietyof Produets,theuseofrawmaterial,theoriginandthequalityofwaste wate,rand50on,inadditiontotheconsultingofthesimilarteehnologyin domestieandofreigneountry,andthestudyingthePiraticalexPeriencein JinagsunadZhejinagProvinees,amorereasonablenadmaturetreatment andreusetechniques15ProPosed.Tlzeadvaneetreatmentandthereuseof thewastewaterareanalyzedinthea一tiele, InoPtinrizationstageofadvan 一 eetreatmentbyBAC,thetreatment eeffetsofdioffrentfilteringratesandthedePthofBACwasbestudied. Theresultindieatesthebestfilteringrate150.5一2.5Lh/,andthebest dePthofBA(二1530Omm一gOOmm.Duringthe0.5一2.5L/hinfiltering ratC 70% COD,ec)lor,ammonianitrogenremovingratesbasieallymaintainsat 一90%,turbidityremovingratebasieallymaintainsabout45%.The bestdePthofBAC15determinedbecauseCOD,colo,r55,turbidity removingratesehangeslowlyabove700mm,butbestuseofDOandthe bestammonianitrogenremovingrate15in700mm一gOOmm. InexPel#iment,whenthewastewater15usedinofrePartProeesS,a betterresult15aequired.50it15efasibilitythattheWastewatex-15reuseinofrePartProeess.InthestudyingofbackPaltProeess,theeolor eharaeteristicanddyeafstnessoftheafbriearestudiedehiefly.Theresult indieatesthat . thewastewatereanbereusedinbaekPartProcess,butit shouldbeaceordingtothedieffrentkindofthedyes.Thedarkandlight degreeshaveagreateeffctonafb,rieaberration.Inthesituationwith treatmentofdi依rentwater,theeeffetofdarkafbrie15betterthanlight one.IntheexPerimentofdyeafstness,theresultindicatesthatinrelation totheeoloreharacteristieofafbrie,thedieffrentqualitiesofwaterhave 1ittereeffetor!afbriedyeafstness. AecordingtotheexPerimentresults,whenthereusewastewater15 usedinflushingthetoilet,cleaningequiPments,washingroads, eireulationcoolingandete,it15needtoadddisinefetionafcility,like ehlorination.I3uttheagentshouldbeeontrolwithintherangeofstandard. It15efasibilitythatthewastewater15reuseinofrePartProeess.Inthe bae冲artProeessindying,it15diffie!Ilttodistinguishthequalityofafbrie inPrintingnaddyingdarkafbric.Anditshouldbeufrthersutdiedin Printinganddyinglightone! ByProeessealeulating,iteans刀eexPend844200yuanPeryearby reusewastew:!ter.Andthedirecteconomiebenefit15331900yuanPer year.Inaddition,iteansavewatel#670000m3.Thereuseproject15 investedtotally525500yuan.T}leeosteanbereeoveredatferPuttinginto Produetsofr19months.Atferthat,economicbenefitcanbereeoVered V!28000yuanr,ermonth.50thereuseProjeetnotonlymakemajoriytof wastewaterbereeovery,buta]50saVeswaterresouree. JingJin(EnvironmentalEngineering) SuPervisedbyProefssorYongHui认/ang KEYWORDS:PrintinganddyingWastewater;biologiealactiveearbon; advnacetreatment;reuse V11东华大学硕士学位报告印染废水生物活性炭深度处理及回用可行性研究 目录 引言.,二,.!!.!................,..................................................................................................1 1 . 1我国水资源现状.........................................................................................................1 1.2印染行业用水概况..................................................................................................2 第一章国内外印染废水处理及回用现状............................................................................4 1 . 1印染废水回用研究特点 .............................. !!.!!!二!............................................4 1 . 2印染废水回用标准..........................,................,...............................,.....4 1 . 3国内外印染废水深度处理回用技术概况...,.......................................................4 1 . 3 . 1物理处理联用技术.........................................5 1 . 3 . 2生物联用技术.............................................6 1 . 3 . 3氧化处理联用技术................!!...............6 1.4印染废水回用存在问题...............,...................................................................8 第二章某印染企业废水处理及回用现状.......,..,!..........,.........................................9 2 . 1课题研究背景及目的...............................................,......................................9 2 . 2印染厂概况......................................................................................................,....9 2.2.1原有生产及废水处理情况...................................9 2 . 2 . 2目前生产及废水处理情况 ,................................ 11 第二章印染废水处理 __ l_艺设计...........................................,...................................,二17 3 . 1处理以工艺设计.............,.........,...........................,......................,...17 3.1.1处理达到的水质标准........................,......17 3 . 1.2处理工艺确定............................................18 3.1.2.1废水处理)艺的确定..................................18 3 . 2 . 1 . 2深度处理工艺确定....!.!............,.,20 3 . 4试验研究内容及重点............................,...........................................................2] 3 . 4.1试验研究内容.-,!....................,..........21 3 . 4 . 2试验研究重点............................................21 第四章印染废水深度处理7艺试验研究 ......................................................................... ,.23 4.1试验原理.卜.!..................,....................................................................................23 4.2试验装置!药剂及分析方法.........,.....!,.!...............,.......................24 4.2.1试验用水...........................,..-.二!二24 4 . 2 . 2试验装置.....,....................................24 4 . 2 . 3试验内容和步骤.......................................26 4 . 2 . 4检测项目及分析方法.....................................26 4 . 3微生物的培养驯化!挂膜启动阶段.!.!......,.!!..............................27 4 . 3 . 1挂膜!驯化阶段......,.............................27 43 . 2生物炭滤池的生物相.....................................30 4 . 3 . 3优化阶段.............................................30 4 . 3 . 4生物炭反冲洗........,.............................37 V川东华大学了吹_卜学位论_义印染废水生物活性炭深度处理及回用可行性研究 4 . 4水质指标的测定.............................................,...................................................38 4 . 4.1常规水质指标............................................38 4.4.2其他水质指标.....................................................................................,.........38 4 . 6小结..........................................................................................,..........................40 第五章印染废水回用可行性分析试验 ............................................................................... 41 5.1试验概况及目的.....................................,.....................................................41 5 . 1 . 1回用水水质比较...............................,.,.41 5 . 1 . 2布面质量效果比较........................................42 5.2试验内容的确定二,...................................................,.,.........................................43 5 . 2 . 1印染工艺的确定 ......................................... 43 5 . 2.2试验染料的确定...................!,!...........485.2.3染色方式的确定.,....................,.........49 5.2.4试验用水的确定.,....................................49 5.3试验工序原理及使用染料染色概况.......................................................................50 5 . 3.1退浆...................................................50 5 . 3.2煮练...................................................51 5 . 3.3漂白....................................................52 5 . 3.4丝光....................................................52 5 . 3.5活性染料染色............................................53 5 . 3.6还原染料染色......................!.,!,535.4试验结果及讨论................,..........................,...............................................54 5 . 4.1布面质量效果结果........................................54 5.4.3布面质量效果结果讨论....................................57 5 . 5小结................................................................................................,....................62 第六章印染废水回用途径!处理及回用经济效益分析.....................................................63 6 . 1设计思路.....................................................................................,........................63 6.2深度处理出水水质........................................................................,....................63 6 . 3回用水回用途径.......................................................................................................63 6 . 4处理回用装置规格计算!说明................................................................................64 6 . 4 . 1进水调节池的计算!说明..................................64 6 . 4.2水解酸化池计算!说明....................................65 6 . 4.3生物接触氧化池计算!说明................................65 6 . 4 . 4沉淀池计算!说明.......................................65 6 . 4 . 5生物炭滤池计算!说明...................................65 6 . 5回用设施经济分析 .................................................................................................. 66 6 . 5 . 1回用设施投资估算........................................66 6.5.2回用设施运行费用估算...................................67东华大学硕1学位报告印染废水生物活性炭深度处理及回用可行性研究 勺.0八n,OJ八U内乙J件6勺I厂O尸66厂O勺-勺尹n/门/勺了6 . 6效益分析二,. 6 . 7小结............. 第七章结论与建议 7 . 1结论 7 . 2建议