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MBA毕业论文_蚌埠农村商业银行资产结构优化研究DOC

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2018 年是近年来银行业监管执行最严的一年,2019 年银行业严监管仍为主旋 律,在这种背景下,商业银行业务范围将大幅被收缩,加之利率市场化进程的不断 推进,商业银行以往靠存贷款利差便能安稳度日的时代已经一去不复返了。除了监 管的趋紧,金融行业的竞争也变得越发激烈,从银行之间的竞争到银行与非银行金 融机构之间的竞争再到传统金融行业与互联网金融行业的竞争。当前以百度、阿里 巴巴、腾讯、京东为首的互联网科技公司已开始加速向金融市场拓展业务,利用创 新的产品、超前的理念,高效便捷的网上平台,大数据分析等优势不断冲击着传统 银行业。 在这种局势下,传统银行业的业务份额被稀释,为了生存下去就必须提高自身 盈利能力,只有盈利才能保证商业银行持续经营。我们都知道商业银行资产结构决 定其盈利能力,不同类型的资产其流动性、风险性、盈利性也是不同的,为了使资 产的效率最高就必须将不同类型的资产进行组合,这就是资产结构配置。在我国, 农商行以服务“三农”、服务地方经济为己任,当前全国农商行数量占整个银行业 金融机构数量的三分之一,可以说农商行的健康发展直接影响着我国金融业的繁荣 与稳定,也间接影响我国“乡村振兴”战略的成果。然而,农村商业银行作为地方 性小法人银行,普遍存在软硬件设备落后、业务品种单一、客户结构不合理、资产 结构分布不均衡、盈利过度依赖贷款资产、不良贷款率攀升的情况。本文以蚌埠农 村商业银行为研究对象,首先,通过研究国内外资产结构相关理论文献为本文提供 理论依据;其次,利用相关理论文献,对蚌埠农村商业银行近三年的资产结构配置 情况及其经营数据进行分析,指出当前该行资产结构配置存在的问题;再次,通过 分析蚌埠农村商业银行当面面临的内外部环境分析其资产结构配置问题的成因;再 次,结合蚌埠农村商业银行自身情况以及所处的市场环境提出几点优化措施,最后, 通过分析蚌埠农村商业银行当前的组织架构,股权结构,制度保障,人才储备,软 硬件设施等因素来说明优化建议的可行性。 关键字:蚌埠农村商业银行 ;资产结构; 盈利能力I ABSTRACT 2018 is the most stringent year in recent years for the strict supervision of banking industry. In this context, the scope of business of commercial banks will be greatly reduced. With the continuous progress of interest rate marketization, the era that commercial banks can survive steadily by deposit-loan spreads has gone forever. Yes. In addition to the tightening of regulation, the competition in the financial industry has become increasingly fierce, from the competition between banks to the competition between banks and non-banks to the competition between the traditional financial industry and the Internet financial industry. At present, the Internet technology companies headed by Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent and Jingdong have begun to speed up the expansion of business to the financial market, using innovative products, advanced concepts, efficient and convenient online platform, big data analysis and other advantages continue to impact the traditional banking industry. In this situation, the business share of traditional banking industry has been diluted. In order to survive, it is necessary to improve its profitability. Only profitability can guarantee the sustainable operation of commercial banks. We all know that the asset structure of commercial banks determines their profitability. Different types of assets have different liquidity, risk and profitability. In order to maximize the efficiency of assets, different types of assets must be combined, which is asset structure allocation. In our country, agricultural and commercial banks take serving agriculture, countryside and local economy as their responsibility. At present, the number of agricultural and commercial banks in China accounts for one third of the total number of banking financial institutions. It can be said that the healthy development of agricultural and commercial banks has a direct impact on the prosperity and stability of China's financial industry, and indirectly affects the achievements of the strategy of rural revitalization. However, as a local small legal person bank, rural commercial banks generally have backward hardware and software equipment, single business type, unreasonable customer structure, unbalanced distribution of asset structure, excessive dependence on loan assets for profit, and rising non-performing loan rate. This paper takes Bengbu Rural Commercial Bank as the research object. Firstly, it provides the theoretical basis for this paper by studying the domestic and foreign related literature on asset structure. Secondly, it uses relevant theoretical literature to analyze the asset structure allocation andII operation data of Bengbu Rural Commercial Bank in the past five years, and obtains the current assets of the bank. Thirdly, through the analysis of the internal and external environment Bengbu rural commercial banks face, the causes of asset structure allocation problems are analyzed. Thirdly, combined with the situation of Bengbu rural commercial banks and the market environment, several optimization measures are put forward. Finally, through the analysis of Bengbu rural commercial banks. The current organizational structure, ownership structure, institutional guarantee, talent reserve, software and hardware facilities and other factors illustrate the feasibility of the optimization proposal. Keyword: Bengbu Rural Commercial Bank ;asset structure; Profitability ;1 目 录 第一章 绪论...................................................................................................1 第一节 选题背景及研究意义 ........................................................................................1 一、选题背景................................................................................................................1 二、研究意义................................................................................................................1 第二节 国内外文献综述 ................................................................................................1 一、国外文献综述........................................................................................................1 二、国内文献综述........................................................................................................3 三、国内外文献评价....................................................................................................4 第三节 研究内容与方法 ................................................................................................4 一、研究内容................................................................................................................4 二、研究方法................................................................................................................6 第四节 可能的创新与不足 ............................................................................................7 一、可能的创新之处....................................................................................................7 二、研究存在的不足....................................................................................................7 第二章 商业银行资产结构理论基础...........................................................8 第一节 资产管理理论 ....................................................................................................8 一、资产管理理论概述................................................................................................8 二、资产管理理论发展历程........................................................................................8 第二节 投资组合理论 ....................................................................................................9 一、投资组合理论概述................................................................................................9 二、马科维茨投资组合模型........................................................................................9 第三节 资本资产定价模型理论 ..................................................................................10 一、资本资产定价模型概述......................................................................................10 二、资本资产定价模型..............................................................................................10 第四节 VAR 风险价值模型..........................................................................................11 一、风险价值模型概述..............................................................................................11 二、风险价值模型......................................................................................................112 第三章 蚌埠农村商业银行资产结构现状.................................................13 第一节 蚌埠农村商业银行基本情况 ..........................................................................13 一、发展历程..............................................................................................................13 二、经营现状..............................................................................................................13 第二节 蚌埠农村商业银行资产构成情况 ..................................................................17 一、商业银行资产分类..............................................................................................17 二、蚌埠农村商业银行资产构成现状......................................................................19 第四章 蚌埠农村商业银行资产结构存在的问题及原因.........................23 第一节 蚌埠农村商业银行资产结构问题分析 ..........................................................23 一、安全性分析..........................................................................................................23 二、流动性分析..........................................................................................................24 三、盈利性分析..........................................................................................................24 四、蚌埠农商行资产收益风险分析..........................................................................25 第二节 蚌埠农村商业银行资产配置问题原因分析 ..................................................28 一、外部原因..............................................................................................................28 二、内部原因..............................................................................................................30 第五章 研究结论及对策建议.....................................................................33 第一节 研究结论 ..........................................................................................................33 第二节 对策建议 ..........................................................................................................33 一、调整贷款类资产配置方向..................................................................................33 二、适当缩减货币类资产配置..................................................................................34 三、增加投资类资产配置..........................................................................................34 四、拓展多元化投资渠道..........................................................................................35 五、防范化解不良贷款..............................................................................................35