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信用保证保险解决贵州省小微企业融资难的可行性研究

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在我国贵州省小微企业数量庞大,小微企业在创造国民经济收入、提供就 业、增加财政税收、维护社会稳定,促进经济结构调整等方面发挥着巨大作用。 然而,在全省资金紧张,融资渠道不畅,而且无较大外资投入的情况下,资金短 缺、融资困难已经成为贵州省小微企业发展的瓶颈。保险具有分散风险和提供担 保等功能,本文尝试引入保险机制来解决贵州省小微企业的融资瓶颈,并以信用 保证保险为例,提出一条依靠发展小微型企业信用保证保险机制来解决融资难的 新途径。 本文首先分析了贵州省小微企业的现状,发现银行贷款要求多、门槛高造成 贵州省很多小微企业面临融资难的困境。然后采用博弈论来研究实行信用保证保 险来解决小微企业融资困难的有效性,并从贵州省保险公司、银行、小微企业三 方角度来分析发展信用保证保险服务的可能性,接着分析了目前贵州省小微企业 信用保证保险的发展现状,最后吸取了国内外先进地区信用保证保险发展的先进 经验,提出通过信用保证保险来解决贵州省小微企业融资难的对策建议。 本文第一章首先阐述了报告的研究背景和研究意义,然后分析了贵州省小微 企业融资现状,接着提出可以通过保险机制介入来帮助解决融资难问题的构思, 并提出以信用保证保险为例来帮助解决这一难题的设想。 第二章阐述了不对称信息经济学相关理论、博弈论与经济学、保险服务价值 理论、小微企业保险需求经济学理论等相关理论,为下文分析奠定了理论基础。 第三章,首先分析贵州省小微企业的融资难的原因,然后介绍引入信用保证 保险的重要意义,最后从博弈论视角来论述信用保证保险解决贵州省小微企业融 资难的有效性。 第四章,介绍目前贵州省信用保证保险发展的现状,制约的原因以及存在的 发展机遇。 第五章,首先介绍国内外先进的信用保证保险的运作机制,然后提出值得借 鉴的地方。 第六章,针对前面制约贵州省信用保证保险发展的原因,结合国际信用保证 保证的发展经验,提出对于贵州省开展解决小微企业融资难的信用保证保险机制 的建议。 本文最大的创新之处在于选题的新颖,信用保证保险在我国是一个新险种, 通过信用保证保险来解决小微企业融资难的设想具有创新之处。 关键词,小微型企业;融资;信贷保证保险;博弈论II ABSTRACT There are many SME in guizhou province,SME has play an important role in promoting the economy of guizhou providing employment, promoting the government fiscal taxation, promoting the adjustment of economic structure. However,The provincial financial is strain, and without enough great foreign investment, shortage of funds and financing difficulties has become the bottleneck of SME’s development in guizhou. Insurance can help spreading risk and solv-ing the SME’s financing bottleneck, as credit guarantee insurance, can open a new way to solve the SME’s financing difficulties rely on the credit guarantee insurance mechanism. Firstly, introduces the present situation of SME in guizhou,founding that most SME face the financing difficulties, hard to get money from bank has become the main reason and then analyze the feasibility of a credit guarantee insurance by combinating the game theory and economics. And to analyze the possibility of development of credit guarantee insurance services from the viewpoint of Insurance companies、SME、Banks in guizhou. Finally introduce the Present situation of the credit guarantee insurance in guizhou. At last put forward suggestions about how to solve the SME’s financing difficulties by pushing credit guarantee insurance. The first chapter of this article elaborated the research background and significance, and proposed the meaning of solving the problem of SME’s financing by credit guarantee insurance. The second chapter expounds the insurance service theory, game theory, insurance service value theory ,lay a theoretical foundation for the following analysis. The third chapter First analyzes the reasons of SME’s financing difficulties in guizhou province, and then introduce the importance of credit guarantee insurance, finally discuss the credit guarantee insurance solve the effectiveness of SME’s financing difficulties by the perspective of game theory. The fourth chapters Introduce the current situation of credit guarantee insurance development in guizhou, the reason of restricting and development opportunities. The fifth chapter introduces foreign advanced operation mechanism of credit guarantee insurance then put forward the experience for reference to help solving the SME’s financing problem in guizhou province. The sixth chapter, in view of the front restraints on the development of creditIII guarantee guarantee in guizhou province, combined with domestic and foreign credit guarantee experience, then put forward suggestion for guizhou province to solve SME’s financing credit guarantee insurance . The biggest innovation of this article is the title.The credit guarantee insurance in our country is a new danger to plant, And through Operating the credit guarantee insurance to solve the financing difficulties of SME is innovative. KEY WORDS:SME (Small micro-enterprise); financing ;Credit guarantee insurance; Game theory.IV 目录 摘要...............................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... II 1 前言 ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 背景及研究意义........................................................................ 1 1.1.1 研究背景.............................................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究意义.............................................................................. 1 1.2 研究方法与研究内容 ................................................................ 2 1.2.1 研究方法.............................................................................. 2 1.2.2 研究内容.............................................................................. 2 1.3 国内外研究现状........................................................................ 2 1.4 创新之处与不足........................................................................ 3 1.4.1 创新之处.............................................................................. 3 1.4.2 不足之处.............................................................................. 4 2 保险服务小微企业的相关理论 ............................................................ 5 2.1 不对称信息经济学理论 ............................................................ 5 2.2 博弈论........................................................................................ 5 2.3 小微企业保险需求的相关经济学理论 .................................... 6 2.4 保险服务供求与价值创造理论 ................................................ 8 3 信用保证保险解决贵州省小微企业融资难的有效性 ...................... 10 3.1 贵州省小微企业融资难的现状及原因 .................................. 10 3.1.1 贵州省小微企业融资难的现状.....................................10 3.1.2 贵州省小微企业融资难的原因........................................ 11 3.2 信用保证保险的运行机理 .......................................................... 12 3.3 引入信用保证保险机制的重要意义.........................................13 3.3.1 信用保证保险可以增大银行的贷款安全系数.............13 3.3.2 信用保证保险可以增加小微企业的融资能力................ 13 3.3.3 信用保证保险具有风险分散和风险防控的能力............ 14 3.4 博弈论视角信用保证保险解决小微企业融资难的有效性.....14 3.4.1 银行与小微企业在无信用保证保险机制介入下的博弈论 分析............................................................................................14 3.4.2 信用保证保险机制介入后银行与保险公司以及小微企业 的博弈论分析 ............................................................................15V 4 贵州省信用保证保险服务小微企业的现状及发展机遇...................... 19 4.1 贵州省信用保证保险的发展现状..............................................19 4.2 制约贵州省信用保证保险发展的原因分析..............................19 4.2.1 政府的支持力度相对欠缺............................................19 4.2.2 保险公司有效供给不足................................................20 4.2.3 小微型企业的有效需求不足........................................20 4.3 贵州省信用保证保险面临机遇 .................................................21 4.3.1 宏观环境良好 ................................................................... 21 4.3.2 小微企业信用保险保险潜在需求旺盛............................ 22 4.3.3 拓展保险公司新的业务领域........................................... 23 5 国内外信用保证保险服务中小企业的经验及借鉴.............................. 25 5.1 美国市场主导型信用保证保险担保体系................................... 25 5.2 日本政府主导型信用保证制度 .................................................. 25 5.3 韩国电子模式化的信用保证保险服务....................................... 26 5.4 台湾的中小企业信用保证基金制度........................................... 27 5.5 国内部分地区试点信用保证保险的概况................................27 5.6 国内外经验借鉴........................................................................28 6 信用保证保险服务贵州省小微企业的对策建议.................................29 6.1 加大政府引导支持 ...................................................................... 29 6.2 增加保险公司的有效供给.........................................................30 6.2.1 构建中小企业贷款信用评估体系..................................30 6.2.2 建立完善的风险规避和分散机制..................................31 6.3 引导小微企业的需求意识 .......................................................... 31 6.4 发展贵州省信用保证保险的一种思路.....................................31 7 总结 ...................................................................................................... 33