随着社会经济的发展，电力需求的增加，电网也在持续不断地发展，出现了 以超高压、特高压为基础的大型电网，大电网的运行越来越需要智能的调度运行 软件作为基础，而调度自动化系统所拥有的功能使之水到渠成的出现在电网地调 度运行中，而且应用越来越多，也越来越成为电网调度运行的核心基础，为了进 一步适应智能电网的需求，自动化系统的智能型以及各模块之间的联系性和协调 性也越来越重要。本文以内蒙古包头电力局调度自动化系统为研究系统，对原有 的系统进行了分析和改进，以适应电网的发展要求。 本文的主要研究内容有： 第一， 针对包头自动化系统的现状及其存在的问题，提出了在原系统上进 行改造的方案，包括 SCADA 系统，高级应用软件，数据库改造方案，以及一些 新功能加入方案，例如调度员仿真（DTS），智能分析与辅助决策系统等。 第二， 结合包头电网的现状，将电网智能一体化调度系统运用于包头地区 电网，由于在同一平台下和高度智能性，使之更好的适应包头电网调度的需要， 更好的解决了自动化系统在线运行和协调的问题，实现了电网调度、运行管理和 信息管理的一体化共享。 第三， 对调度自动化系统的调度决策智能化和应用功能一体化前景进行了 研究， 在智能化方面，从在线计算、智能决策、闭环控制等方面逐步形成智能化的 调度辅助决策系统,实现优化调度、预防控制、事故处理、事故恢复决策支持、 增强驾驭现代化电网的能力,最终形成结构合理、技术先进、安全可靠、高效实 用的系统,来保证了包头电网安全、稳定运行。 关键词：电力系统 自动化 调度系统 智能化ABSTRACT With the development of social economy, electric power demand, power grids in the continuous development, appeared with the EHV, UHV based large-scale power grid, grid operation needs more and more intelligent dispatching operation software as the foundation, and the dispatching automation system have the function to the successful appeared in power networks dispatching operation, and applied more and more, also more and more become the power grid dispatching of core foundation, in order to further adapt to the requirement of smart grid automation system, intelligent and the links between modules and coordination are becoming more and more important. This article take the Inner Mongolia dispatch automation system of Baotou Power Bureau as the research system, the original system is analyzed and improved in order to adapt to the requirements of the development, power network.The main contents are: First, in the light of Baotou automation system present situation and the existence question, proposed in the original system transformation scheme, including the SCADA system, advanced application software, database modification scheme, as well as some of the new features added to the programme, such as dispatcher ( DTS ), intelligence analysis and assistant decision-making system. Second, combine with Baotou power grid of power network, intelligent integrated scheduling system used in Baotou power network, the same platform and highly intelligent, to better adapt to the needs of Baotou power grid dispatching automation system, a better solution to the online operation and coordinationproblems, realize the dispatching, operation management and information management integration sharing. Third, to dispatch automation system scheduling intelligent decision and application prospects of functional integration, In intelligence, from online calculation, intelligent decision, closed loop control, and gradually form the intelligent dispatching decision support system, to realize the optimization of scheduling, prevention and control, accident, accident recovery decision support, enhanced control of modern power grid capacity, eventually forming a reasonable structure, advanced technology, reliable, efficient and practical system, to ensure the safety of Baotou electrified wire netting, stable operation.KEY WORDS：power system, automation, dispatchsystem, intelligence目 录 第一章 绪论.....................................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题的背景及意义 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 包头电网调度系统发展历程............................................................................................ 1 1.3 本文研究的内容 ............................................................................................................... 2 第二章 电网调度自动化概况及建设必要性....................................................................................3 2.1 内蒙古电网现状 ............................................................................................................... 3 2.2 包头地区电网现状 ........................................................................................................... 4 2.3 电网的调度运行管理现状 ............................................................................................... 5 2.4 包头电网调度自动化系统概况........................................................................................ 5 2.5 调度自动化系统存在的问题............................................................................................ 6 2.5.1 设备陈旧老化 ........................................................................................................ 6 2.5.2 前置系统接入容量不足......................................................................................... 6 2.5.3 系统历史数据存储容量不足................................................................................. 6 2.5.4 电网分析应用功能需要丰富................................................................................. 6 2.5.5 系统性能和功能急需完善..................................................................................... 7 2.5.6 老系统改造完善困难............................................................................................. 7 2.5.7 不满足建设统一电网模型 DTS 系统 ................................................................... 7 第三章 包头电网智能一体化地区电网调度系统总体要求.............................................................8 3.1 系统体系结构要求 ........................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 硬件体系结构要求................................................................................................. 8 3.1.2 应用软件结构要求................................................................................................. 9 3.1.3 包头地区电网调度自动化系统设备配置的要求............................................... 10 3.2 系统基本功能要求 ......................................................................................................... 11 第四章 包头电网智能一体化地区电网调度系统总体要求...........................................................14 4.1 系统硬件配置 ................................................................................................................. 14 4.2 系统软件配置 ................................................................................................................. 15 4.3 SCADA 系统 .................................................................................................................... 15 4.4 数据库管理系统 ............................................................................................................. 164.5 高级应用软件 ................................................................................................................. 16 4.5.1 网络建模及网络拓扑............................................................................................ 17 4.5.2 状态估计 ............................................................................................................... 18 4.5.3 调度员潮流 ........................................................................................................... 19 4.5.4 静态安全分析 ....................................................................................................... 22 4.5.5 短路电流计算 ....................................................................................................... 23 4.5.6 自动电压控制（AVC）........................................................................................ 24 4.5.7 负荷预测与母线负荷预测................................................................................... 25 4.6 调度仿真系统软件（DTS） .......................................................................................... 26 4.7 智能分析与辅助决策系统 ............................................................................................ 27 第五章 包头电网智能一体化地区电网调度系统结构及关键技术................................................30 5.1 系统架构 ......................................................................................................................... 30 5.2 系统硬件结构 ................................................................................................................. 31 5.2.1 前置处理子系统 ............................................................................................... 31 5.2.2 数据管理子系统 .................................................................................................. 33 5.2.3 用户接口子系统 .................................................................................................. 33 5.2.4 调度员仿真系统(DTS) ......................................................................................... 34 5.3 系统软件结构配置 ......................................................................................................... 34 5.4 系统特点及关键技术 .................................................................................................. 36 第六章 结论...................................................................................................................................38