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MBA毕业论文_YS公司汽车座椅产品研发项目管理流程优化研究DOC

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YS 公司汽车座椅产品研发项目管理流程优化研究 随着经济不断发展,国民可支配收入的不断提升,汽车消费群体已经从十多年前 的少数富裕人群转变为普通大众人群。国内的汽车销量从百万级别逐步发展到千万级 别,到如今达到接近三千万的年销量规模超越美国,中国已成为全球最大的单一汽车 市场。国内汽车市场的发展高度繁荣,各大厂商竞争激烈,产品线覆盖越来越全面, 同时伴随着国家新能源政策的推动,涌现出一大批开发新能源汽车的新兴企业,进一 步加剧了市场的竞争。 从市场环境分析,当代社会制造工艺发展的速度远超上个世纪,随着第四次工业 革命这个概念的兴起,大规模高精度机械化生产条件越来越成熟,汽车产业正在经历 一个最好的时期。以汽车内饰中的座椅项目为例,存在着很多不确定的因素,在实际 管理过程中,存在诸多困境,从项目的准备、计划阶段开始,很多方面的不确定性就 已经展现出来,这其中包括前期可行性评估不充分、体系内供应商选取策略模糊、供 应商表现的不确定性和不断变更的客户需求导致的产品定义的多变性等等,这些不确 定因素在一个新产品研发项目过程中不间断地交替出现,不断影响着项目的顺利进行。 汽车座椅项目的研发根据市场环境的变化,客户新车型投放策略的变化,逐渐遇 到了较多新的挑战,做了很多的调整。比如,随着市场竞争的加剧,配合整车厂投入 更多资源在计算机 CAE 仿真分析的辅助设计验证,将座椅产品的开发周期缩短; 论文通过对 YS 公司现有的 PLUS 产品研发流程和项目管理模式的分析,理解 YS 公 司汽车座椅产品研发过程中项目管理应用的现状,从项目管理理论出发,结合产品开 发周期相关理论,重点从进度管理、质量管理、资源管理和风险管理这四个方面上对 汽车座椅研发项目管理应用进行研究,找出问题,确定研究方向以及设计相应的流程 优化方案,同时简述汽车座椅研发项目的流程管理。本文的目的在于探索可以提升 YS 公司新产品研发效率的改进方案,同时可以为国内汽车零配件行业类似企业提供一些 经验总结和想法借鉴。 关键词: 汽车座椅,研发流程,项目管理,流程优化III Abstract Research on Optimization of Management Process of YS Car Seat Product R&D Program With the continuous development of economy and the continuous increase of national disposable income, the automobile consumer group has changed from a few rich people to the general public more than a decade ago. China's auto sales have gradually developed from one million to ten million, and now the annual sales volume of nearly 30 million has surpassed that of the United States. China has become the largest single auto market in the world. The development of the domestic automobile market is highly prosperous, with fierce competition among major manufacturers and more and more comprehensive product line coverage. At the same time, driven by the national new energy policy, a large number of emerging enterprises have emerged to develop new energy vehicles, further intensifying the market competition. From the analysis of market environment, the development speed of manufacturing technology in contemporary society is far faster than that in the last century. With the rise of the concept of the fourth industrial revolution, large-scale high-precision mechanized production conditions are becoming more mature, and the automobile industry is experiencing a best period. Car interior seat in the program, for example, there are many uncertain factors, in the actual management process, there are many difficulties, from the project, planning stage, the uncertainty of many aspects has been demonstrated, including insufficient prophase feasibility evaluation and selection strategy of fuzzy system, the performance of uncertainty and changing customer demand caused by the variability of the definition of product and so on, these uncertainties in the process of a new product development project continuously appear alternately, constantly affecting the project smoothly. According to the change of market environment and the change of customers' new model launching strategy, the research and development of car seat project gradually encountered many new challenges and made many adjustments. For example, with the intensification of market competition, the development cycle of seat products will be shortened by cooperating with the whole vehicle factory to invest more resources in the aided design verification of computer CAE simulation analysis. Paper by YS company's existing PLUS product development process and projectIV management mode analysis, understand the YS company car seat products research and development in the process of the present situation of the project management application, based on project management theory, combined with the theory related to the product development cycle, from schedule management, quality management, resource management and risk management on the four aspects of car seat R&D project management application study, find the problem, determine the direction of the research and design the corresponding process optimization scheme, and describes the process of automotive research and development project management. The purpose of this paper is to explore the improvement scheme that can improve the efficiency of YS's new product research and development, then provide some experience summary and ideas for similar enterprises in domestic auto parts industry. Keywords: Car seat, R&D process, Project management, Process optimizationV 目 录 第 1 章 绪论......................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景及意义......................................................................................1 1.1.1 研究背景............................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义............................................................................................3 1.2 研究目的和内容......................................................................................5 1.2.1 研究目的............................................................................................5 1.2.2 研究内容............................................................................................5 1.3 研究思路与研究方法..............................................................................6 1.3.1 研究思路............................................................................................6 1.3.2 研究方法............................................................................................7 第 2 章 相关理论综述......................................................................................9 2.1 项目管理理论..........................................................................................9 2.1.1 项目管理的概念和特征....................................................................9 2.1.2 项目管理的内容..............................................................................10 2.1.3 项目管理的形式..............................................................................12 2.2 流程优化理论........................................................................................13 2.2.1 流程的定义......................................................................................13 2.2.2 流程优化的方法与步骤..................................................................15 2.3 汽车产品研发流程分析........................................................................16 2.3.1 汽车产品研发流程的现状..............................................................16 2.3.2 汽车产品研发流程的发展趋势......................................................17 第 3 章 YS 公司产品研发流程现状分析 .....................................................18 3.1 YS 公司及业务运营体系 .....................................................................18 3.1.1 YS 公司背景介绍............................................................................18VI 3.1.2 YS 公司 BOS 业务运营体系介绍 .................................................19 3.1.3 YS 公司 PLUS 开发流程体系........................................................21 3.1.4 YS 公司 SDT 同步开发团队..........................................................22 3.2 YS 公司汽车座椅产品研发项目管理体系 .........................................24 3.2.1 项目发起阶段..................................................................................24 3.2.2 项目提案阶段..................................................................................26 3.2.3 项目设计开发阶段 .........................................................................28 3.2.4 项目设计验证阶段 .........................................................................30 3.2.5 项目生产验证阶段 .........................................................................32 3.2.6 项目投产阶段..................................................................................33 3.3 YS 公司产品研发项目的管理模式 .....................................................34 3.4 YS 公司产品研发项目的决策机制 .....................................................35 3.5 YS 公司产品研发流程中存在的问题 .................................................36 3.5.1 SDT 小组研发过程中沟通不充分.................................................36 3.5.2 项目进度缺少动态更新 .................................................................36 3.5.3 项目干系人汇报关系复杂,职责模糊不清 .................................37 3.5.4 工程变更执行流程不规范,产品状态质量风险高 .....................38 3.5.5 工厂前期研发阶段未参与,量产验证效率低 .............................39 第 4 章 YS 公司产品研发流程优化设计.....................................................40 4.1 优化设计的原则....................................................................................40 4.1.1 精简原则..........................................................................................40 4.1.2 信息共享化原则..............................................................................40 4.1.3 协同整合原则..................................................................................41 4.2 优化设计的目标....................................................................................41 4.2.1 建立高效科学的组织结构 .............................................................41 4.2.2 缩短产品研发周期 .........................................................................42VII 4.3 优化设计方案(重点内容) .....................................................................42 4.3.1 组织结构优化..................................................................................42 4.3.2 方案评估流程优化..........................................................................44 4.3.3 审核流程优化..................................................................................45 第 5 章 YS 公司产品研发流程优化设计方案实施策略.............................48 5.1 研发项目团队建设与管理....................................................................48 5.1.1 管理层推动调整组织结构..............................................................48 5.1.2 增强 SDT 开发团队的配合度 ........................................................48 5.1.3 总结经验并持续优化......................................................................48 5.2 提升职能技能培训................................................................................49 5.2.1 研发流程培训..................................................................................49 5.2.2 项目管理培训..................................................................................49 5.2.3 知识管理..........................................................................................49 5.3 完善绩效考核机制................................................................................49 5.3.1 个体绩效与项目绩效关联..............................................................50 5.3.2 跨部门互相考评..............................................................................50 5.4 更新产品研发流程体系........................................................................50 第 6 章 总结与展望........................................................................................51 6.1 全文总结................................................................................................51 6.2 研究展望................................................................................................52